Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020438 (hypercalciuria)
 2,502 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Variants of renal damage in sarcoidosis demonstrate the diversity of clinical manifestations common to this systemic disease and serve distinctive reference points in the choice of the treatment policy. A well-defined relationship between hypercalciuria associated with sarcoidosis and risk of calcium nephropathy development is, one the one hand, a reliable criterion for the disease activity and, on the other one, the basis for administration of drug the therapy permitting one to control its level (corticosteroids and drugs of the 4-aminoquinoline series). Other variants of renal damage in sarcoidosis, excluding amyloidosis, form the basis for corticosteroid administration even in cases of the presence of renal failure, demonstrating that so-called "dramatic therapy" produces a remarkable beneficial effect characterized by the disappearance of the signs of renal failure.
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PMID:[Kidney involvement in sarcoidosis]. 194 30

The dissemination and activity of systemic disease was evaluated retrospectively in 50 patients with neurosarcoidosis, 24 of whom presented with neurologic symptoms. During follow-up, five patients never developed detectable systemic disease. In 26 patients, sarcoidosis had previously been diagnosed, but in 11 (42%) of them the neurologic symptoms were initially not connected with this disease. During follow-up, extraneural features were those of sarcoidosis in general. However, 23 patients (46%) had normal chest X-ray on admission to neurologic examinations. Fourteen (35%) of 40 examined patients had ocular changes, 13 (33%) of 39 hypercalciuria and 13 (26%) of 50 skin manifestations. Serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) was elevated in only 31% of the patients. Measureable amounts of ACE were recorded in the cerebrospinal fluid from 13 of 17 examined patients. During follow-up the activity of neurosarcoidosis seemed to be linked to the course of systemic disease in general.
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PMID:Systemic manifestations and enzyme studies in sarcoidosis with neurologic involvement. 299 9

For the first time neonatal variant of Bartter syndrome to 14.5-year old girl is presented in Lithuania. It is a rare genetical disease with autosomal recessive inheritance. The patient was born prematurely, had polyhydramnion, polyuria and polydypsia, a craving for salt, specific outlook and was mentally retarded, had muscle weakness and nephrocalcinosis. Hypokalemia, hyperreninemia and metabolic alkalosis were found. Urine analysis revealed impaired renal concentration capacity, hypercalciuria and hypernatriuria. She had the symptom of systemic disease - osteopenia. Literature review on Bartter's syndrome is done.
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PMID:[Bartter syndrome and it's neonatal type]. 1276 27

The most common presentation of nephrolithiasis is idiopathic calcium stones in patients without systemic disease. Most stones are primarily composed of calcium oxalate and form on a base of interstitial apatite deposits, known as Randall's plaque. By contrast some stones are composed largely of calcium phosphate, as either hydroxyapatite or brushite (calcium monohydrogen phosphate), and are usually accompanied by deposits of calcium phosphate in the Bellini ducts. These deposits result in local tissue damage and might serve as a site of mineral overgrowth. Stone formation is driven by supersaturation of urine with calcium oxalate and brushite. The level of supersaturation is related to fluid intake as well as to the levels of urinary citrate and calcium. Risk of stone formation is increased when urine citrate excretion is <400 mg per day, and treatment with potassium citrate has been used to prevent stones. Urine calcium levels >200 mg per day also increase stone risk and often result in negative calcium balance. Reduced renal calcium reabsorption has a role in idiopathic hypercalciuria. Low sodium diets and thiazide-type diuretics lower urine calcium levels and potentially reduce the risk of stone recurrence and bone disease.
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PMID:Idiopathic hypercalciuria and formation of calcium renal stones. 2745 64

Renal involvement is rare in systemic sarcoidosis. Among renal manifestations, tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is the most commonly reported finding. We conducted the current study to investigate the clinical, laboratory, and histological features and to analyze the outcome of TIN due to sarcoidosis. We present a retrospective, single-center study of patients followed for sarcoidosis and presenting with TIN related to this systemic disease. Twenty-four patients were assessed (22 females/2 males). The mean age at diagnosis of TIN was 46.3 years. Extrarenal manifestations were dominated by thoracic involvement (95.8%), peripheral lymph nodes (54.2%), and skin lesions (33.3%). The mean proteinuria level was 0.68 g/24 h. Renal failure was diagnosed in 83.3% of cases with a median estimated glomerular filtration rate at 14.3 mL/min/1.73 m2. Nine patients presented with hypercalcemia and 12 patients with hypercalciuria. Renal biopsy was performed in 58.3% of cases. Six of the 14 patients presented with noncaseating granulomatous interstitial nephritis and eight with interstitial nephritis without granuloma. Granulomatous infiltration of renal parenchyma was complicated by vasculitis in two cases. Corticosteroid therapy was used in all patients. On follow-up analysis, four patients progressed to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) after a mean duration at 45.5 months. In the remaining patients, kidney function statistically significantly improved after one month of treatment compared to the time when the diagnosis was initially established (P = 0.031). We found that the predictive factors of progression to ESRD were multiorgan involvement (P = 0.032), advanced fibrosis F3 (P = 0.0006), and extensive interstitial granulomas (P = 0.007) and these were independently correlated with ESRD. Corticosteroid therapy seems to be effective in sarcoid TIN, but some degree of persistent renal failure is possible which can be predicted from both histologic findings and initial response to steroid therapy.
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PMID:Tubulointerstitial nephritis due to sarcoidosis: Clinical, laboratory, and histological features and outcome in a cohort of 24 patients. 3192 74