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Query: UMLS:C0020438 (hypercalciuria)
 2,502 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifteen cases of hypervitaminosis D in childhood are reviewed. In all of them, vitamin D was given following medical prescription. In four occasions, excessive dosage of vitamine D impaired the evolution of a previous nephropathy. The clinical, analytical, radiological and histological findings as well as the therapeutical aspects are commented. Hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, polyuria with hypostenuria, renal failure, bone lesions and nephrocalcinosis are the most prominent features of the picture. Occasionally, arterial hypertension and glycosuria were found. Prednisone, thyrocalcitonine and phosphates were used as therapeutical means. In spite of nephrocalcinosis and renal failure generally present at diagnosis, the clinical course was rather good.
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PMID:[Hypervitaminosis D. Review of fifteen cases]. 44 41

The association of hypercalciuria, salt losing renal disease, and a defect in urine concentrating ability with high renin and aldosterone levels is described in two brothers. One child had marked nephrocalcinosis by the age of 3 and the other severe growth retardation. In one child all the abnormalities were abolished with indomethacin which was responsible for a marked decrease in urinary. The data and the family study suggest that this condition is a proximal tubular disorder with atuosomal recessive inheritance.
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PMID:[Familial tubulopathy associating hypercalciuria and saline diabetes. Favorable results of indomethacin therapy]. 48 70

Magnesium absorption was studied in the normal human jejunum and ileum by in vivo intestinal perfusion, using test solutions containing from 0 to 20 mM Mg (as MgCl2). As luminal Mg concentration was increased, the rate of absorption in the jejunum rose progressively with a tendency towards saturation at the higher concentrations. The kinetics and rates of Mg absorption in the ileum were comparable to those in the jejunum, with the exception that at higher luminal concentrations the ileal absorptive process was fully saturated. Using test solutions containing various combinations of Ca and Mg, we found that Ca had little or no influence on Mg absorption, even through Mg depressed Ca absorption to a modest extent. Patients with end-stage renal disease, who had a reduced rate of Ca absorption (presumably due to deficiency of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) were found to have a severe depression of Mg absorption. On the other hand, patients with absorptive hypercalciuria and nephrolithiasis, who had an increased rate of Ca absorption, were found to absorb Mg normally. These results suggest that Mg absorption in the human is mediated by a transport process different from that which facilitates Ca absorption, and that normal Mg absorption may be dependent on vitamin D. Our results do not establish whether or not the normal intestine can absorb Mg against an electrochemical gradient.
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PMID:Magnesium absorption in the human small intestine. Results in normal subjects, patients with chronic renal disease, and patients with absorptive hypercalciuria. 93 89

Renal disease was detected in 21 of 56 progeny from a specific line of inbred Norwegian Elkhound (NE) dogs. Results of hematologic and clinical chemistry examinations revealed that minor differences existed between affected and nonaffected NE dogs. Of 21 NE dogs with renal disease, 3 had persistent glucosuria without hyperglycemia. The 21 affected dogs had impaired ability to concentrate urine. According to renal function tests, glomerular filtration rate of normal NE dogs was less than that of normal mixed breed dogs. Although a few affected NE dogs excreted large amounts of amino acids in urine, statistically significant differences did not exist between normal and affected NE dogs with regard to alpha-amino acid nitrogen content of their plasma or urine. By paper chromatographic separation techniques, free amino acids of plasma, urine, and extracts of liver and kidney were not qualitatively different for mixed breed dogs, normal NE, and NE with renal disease. Statistically significant differences were not detected between serum calcium concentrations of normal and affected NE dogs. In NE dogs with renal disease, there was significant hypercalciuria, but a few normal dogs excreted more than did some dogs with disease. Blood pressure values of normal mixed breed dogs and affected NE dogs were similar. It was concluded that hematologic and blood chemical abnormalities, derangement of amino acid or calcium metabolism, and hypertension were not associated with renal disease in these NE dogs.
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PMID:Familial renal disease in Norwegian Elkhound dogs: physiologic and biochemical examinations. 94 38

Variants of renal damage in sarcoidosis demonstrate the diversity of clinical manifestations common to this systemic disease and serve distinctive reference points in the choice of the treatment policy. A well-defined relationship between hypercalciuria associated with sarcoidosis and risk of calcium nephropathy development is, one the one hand, a reliable criterion for the disease activity and, on the other one, the basis for administration of drug the therapy permitting one to control its level (corticosteroids and drugs of the 4-aminoquinoline series). Other variants of renal damage in sarcoidosis, excluding amyloidosis, form the basis for corticosteroid administration even in cases of the presence of renal failure, demonstrating that so-called "dramatic therapy" produces a remarkable beneficial effect characterized by the disappearance of the signs of renal failure.
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PMID:[Kidney involvement in sarcoidosis]. 194 30

A retrospective multicentre study of 341 children with persistent/recurrent, isolated haematuria is described. The haematuria was isolated for at least 6 months at the beginning of observation. The duration of follow-up was 2-5 years in 201, 5-10 years in 119, 10-15 years in 19, and over 15 years in 2 cases. Of these patients 47.8% became symptom-free. In 18.4% the haematuria remained isolated; in 13.8% it was combined with proteinuria over 250 mg/day more than 2 years later. The occurrence of associated proteinuria increased progressively with time. It was 8.6% between the 3rd and 5th years, and 37.0% after the 5th year. Renal biopsy was performed because of the symptoms of glomerular disease in 47 cases at an average time of 12 months following the appearance of proteinuria. Proteinuria appeared after a 2-5, 5-10, 10-15 and more than 15 years follow-up period in 16, 23, 6, and 2 patients respectively; 14 of them had Alport's nephropathy. The percentage of more serious azotaemia was 1.7 (creatinine clearance: 10-50 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and 0.3 (creatinine clearance: less than 10 ml/min per 1.73 m2). Mortality was 0.58%. Most of the patients who developed severe azotaemia had persistent microscopic haematuria at the beginning. The prevalence of hypertension was only 1.2%. The time of its appearance was above 5 years in 2 and below 5 years in 2 cases. All these patients had chronic glomerulonephritis. The haematuria was associated with hypercalciuria in 19.9%. In 14.3% of the overall group of patients urolithiasis developed 2-15 years after onset. All of these had hypercalciuria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Long-term follow-up of patients with persistent/recurrent, isolated haematuria: a Hungarian multicentre study. 270

Seventeen of 75 diabetic children without nephropathy had urinary calcium excretion of more than 4 mg/kg/day. Neither diurnal variation in calciuria, nor correlations between calcium excretion and glucose excretion as well as HbA1 levels were observed. The findings suggest that about one quarter of diabetic children is at risk for hypercalciuria and may be for renal damage due to hyperexcretion of calcium.
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PMID:Hypercalciuria in children with diabetes mellitus. 270 69

A retrospective multicentre study of 341 children with persistent/recurrent, isolated haematuria is described. The haematuria was isolated for at least half a year in the beginning of observation. 47.8% of the patients became symptom-free. In 18.4% the haematuria remained isolated, in 13.8% it was combined with greater than 250 mg/day proteinuria greater than 2 years later. The occurrence of associated proteinuria was 8.6% between the 3rd to fifth years, and 37.0% after the 5th years. 14 cases had Alport's nephropathy. The percentage of more serious azotaemia was 1.7 (Ccreat: 10-50 ml/min/1.73 m2) and 0.3 (Ccreat: less than 10 ml/min/1.73 m2). Mortality was 0.58%, rate of hypertension 1.2%. Most of the patients who developed severe azotaemia, had persistent microscopic haematuria in the beginning. The haematuria was associated with hypercalciuria in 19.9%. In 14.3% of the overall group of patients urolithiasis developed 2-15 years after onset. All of them had hypercalciuria. Our findings suggest that symptoms of isolated haematuria may last for a long-term period and need systematic control. When proteinuria and/or hypertension associates to haematuria a worse prognosis can be expected.
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PMID:[Long-term follow up of chronic recurrent isolated hematuria]. 274 57

Using the method of assessment of clavicular corticodiaphyseal indices, the authors investigated the mineralization of bones in a group of 215 type II diabetics and in 40 type I diabetics. From both groups patients were selected without detectable complications and these were compared with a sub-group of patients who had some complications. Furthermore the authors investigated the number of fractures of vertebral bodies and other bones. The poorest results as regards mineralization were found in complications which interfere with calcium absorption: enteropathies, chronic pancreatitis, gastrectomies, renal disease and in women also liver disease, in both with impaired vitamin D conversion. An adverse effect was exerted also by a reduced dietary calcium intake in subjects with lactose intolerance or increased urinary calcium excretion in idiopathic hypercalciuria. Low values were recorded in all patients with motor disorders in angiopathies, otherwise this complication alone did not cause major decalcification. Hysterectomy with ovariectomy were manifested by decalcification only in women where the operation was performed during a certain period before the menopause. Neuropathy and retinopathy alone without impaired locomotor activity do not cause deterioration of the bone mineralization in diabetics. Surprisingly good results were achieved also in a group of diabetics with steatosis of the liver but without severe damage of liver function. With a exceptions the number of fractures of vertebral bodies and other bones correlated with the level of their mineralization.
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PMID:[Diabetic osteopathies. 3. The effect of diabetic complications on bone mineralization]. 281 5

A group of 210 children, aged one to twelve years (86 males and 124 females) were sent to our Clinic with the diagnosis of microscopic hematuria. Twelve children in which microhematuria wasn't confirmed were immediately excluded; thirty children were excluded because they showed pathologic findings. The remaining 168 children were put under diagnostic examination (hematologic exams, urinoculture, abdomen radiographic, family screening). The cause of microhematuria was identified in 52 of them. The group was selected down to 116 who were then monitored for a period ranging from 1 to 9 years with periodical clinical and biohumoral controls and with diagnostic exams. Biopsies were performed only in 16 cases in which a nephropathy was suspected. Nine cases presented significant histological lesions. Seventy five children were subjected to observation for a period of over one year. After few years hematuria gradually disappeared in twenty six children. After nine years microhematuria had disappeared spontaneously in 39.9% of cases. It remained in core of 33.6% of case, for which no cause could be found. With reference to the full group of 168 children, the following pathologies have been found responsible of microhematuria: a) urinary way infections: 25 cases (14.8%) b) nephropathies: 16 cases (9.5%) c) familiar hematurias: 14 cases (8.3%) d) lithiasis: 9 cases (5.3%) e) alteration of the coagulation system: 3 cases (1.8%) f) renal hypercalciuria without lithiasis: 3 cases (1.8%) Based on these observation, we believe that careful waiting is the best tactic in the cases of monosymptomatic microhematuria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Long-term prognosis in monosymptomatic microscopic hematuria]. 324 52


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