Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020438 (hypercalciuria)
 2,502 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a retrospective study, 760 Saudi patients with urolithiasis were epidemiologically and metabolically studied (41% were from the Central region, 32% South, 14% West, 9% North, and 1% East; the remaining 3% were Saudi but of unknown region). The male to female ratio was 5:1; 87 percent of the patients were aged thirty to sixty years and 11 patients were under age fourteen. There was no clear relation of stone formation to occupation. Sixty-nine percent of calculi were renal, 29 percent ureteric, and only 3 percent were bladder calculi. Two hundred seventy-eight operative procedures were done (36.5% of all patients), including pyelolithotomy, nephrolithotomy, ureterolithotomy, ESWL, cystolithotomy, and extractions by basket. Infection was a rarity (6%) and urinary schistosomiasis was found in 33 patients (4.3%), 24 of whom were from a schistosoma-infested region. Raised serum calcium was found in only 5.7 percent and raised serum urate in 13 percent. Increased urinary excretion of urate was found in 60 percent and hypercalciuria in 9 percent. Seventy-six percent of stones analyzed (239) were calcium oxalate, 20.5 percent urate, and 3.3 percent phosphate.
 ...
PMID:Urolithiasis in Saudi Arabia. 229 13

During the past 12 years, 62 children with urinary stones have been treated at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. The most common presenting symptoms were abdominal or flank pain (45%), recurrent or persistent pyuria (35%), and gross hematuria (21%). Twenty-two patients had associated congenital urologic anomalies. Infection-related struvite stones were most common and were found in 18 children, of whom 15 were found to have anatomic abnormalities. Eighteen of 28 children evaluated for a metabolic cause were found to have an abnormality, most frequently hypercalciuria. No predisposing factors could be found in 16 of the 62 patients. Forty-four (87%) children had upper urinary tract stones. Twelve of 15 bladder stones were in children with a neuropathic bladder and all were related to infection. Treatment was directed to the correction of anatomic and metabolic predisposing causes, as well as to removing the stones. Fifteen patients passed stones ranging in size from 2 to 6 mm. Forty-six surgical procedures were performed in 43 children. Pyelolithotomy and cystolithotomy were the most frequent procedures. There were three residual stones and five recurrences. Of the 29 operations for upper urinary stones reviewed, 17 might today be considered suitable for percutaneous nephrostolithotripsy or extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy. Possible future stone management will be discussed in light of this analysis.
 ...
PMID:Urolithiasis in childhood: current management. 382 16