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Query: UMLS:C0020437 (hypercalcemia)
 10,293 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of vitamin D3 on rat kideney metabolism under conditions of experimental hypercalcemia. Acta Physiol. Pol., 1978, 29 (2) 153--159. The effect of vitamin D3 on renal gluconeogenesis processes was studied in the rat. The performed estimations of gluconeogenesis rate from malate and lactate demonstrated significant increases of glucose formation rate when kidney cortex slices of the vitamin D3 treated animals were analyzed. Further studies on the mechanism of the observed phenomenon were performed using kidney cell fractionation procedure and fluorometric estimation of the concentration of selected gluconeogenetic metabolites. Significant increases of phosphoenolpyruvate concentration in the cytosol fraction and citrate concentration in the mitochondrial fraction were observed. Comparison of the described action of vitamin D3 on gluconeogenesis and the effect of parathyriod hormone, as known from the literature suggests similar mechanism of both factor actions. A possibility of vitamin D3 action through the increase in intracellular calcium has been discussed.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:The effects of vitamin D on the rat kidney metabolism under conditions of experimental hypercalcemia. 20 82

Comparison of the mechanism of action Vitamin D3 and 1 alpha-OH D3 under conditions of experimental hypercalcemia. Acta Physiol. Pol. 1979, 30 (2): 313--318. The hypercalcemic effect of supraphysiological doses of Vitamin D and 1 alpha-OH D3 were compared applying an animal model. Changes in serum calcium of animals with normal dietary calcium supplementation and those under conditions of calcium depletion were analyzed. Dietary calcium is necessary for the hypercalcemic effect of Vitamin D, whereas in case of 1 alpha-OH D3 calcium is mobilized not only from the dietary but also from some other sources. The analysis of the hypercalcemia kinetics in the Vitamin D and 1 alpha-OH D3 treated animals indicated that the kidney 1 hydroxylase of 25 hydroxycholecalciferol is an important step in the hypercalcemia preventing mechanism.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Comparison of the mechanism of action of vitamin D3 and 1 alpha-OH D3 under conditions of experimental hypercalcemia. 22 75

The intestinal calcium and phosphate transport under conditions of experimental hypercalcemia. Acta Physiol. Pol., 1977, 28 (2): 127--134. Intestinal calcium and phosphate transport was examined in various segments of small intestine under two differently processed hypercalcemic conditions. The analysis of the serum calcium and phosphate level changes, showed the increasing serum calcium values without any concomitant change in the serum phosphate concentration during the course of the experiment. The observed discrepancy of the intestinal phosphate transport when compared the in vitro and in vivo studies, suggests the presence of phosphate transport regulatory mechanism acting on the intestinal level.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:The intestinal calcium and phosphate transport under conditions of experimental hypercalcemia. 86 31

Among 1819 patients with renal stone disease 44 cases with primary hyperparathyroidism (p.h.p.) were diagnosed. In all cases the diagnosis of php was confirmed by histomorphological examination. In 34 patients with php solitary adenoma was found, in 5 patients an adenoma with concomitant hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands, in 2 patients hyperplasia and in 3 patients carcinoma of the parathyroid glands. Hypercalcemia was found in 86% of patients, while elevated plasma levels of PTH in 90% of patients with php. Not in all patients PTH secretion was entirely autonomous. No significant correlation was found between plasma levels of PTH and kind of pathology of the parathyroid glands as well as clinical feature of php respectively.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1992 Jan
PMID:[Hypercalciuria and primary hyperparathyroidism in patients with kidney calculi. II. Primary hyperparathyroidism]. 164 64

In the lymphocytes infected in vitro with BLV (bovine leukemia virus) the contents of Ca2+ and Mg2+ were determined using roentgen microanalyser JXA-5 A Joel-form (Japan). In the smears prepared from these cells the activity of enzyme markers of cell membranes i.e. alkaline phosphatase (AP - EC 3.1.3.1), 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT - EC 3.1.3.5) and adenosine-triphosphatases - Ca2+ and Mg2+ dependent (ATP-ase - EC 3.6.1.3) was determined. The decrease in AP and ATP-assess activity and increase in 5'-NT in the membranes of leukemic lymphocytes were observed. During these changes the increase in Ca2+ and decrease in Mg2+ ions occurred. These processes lead to clear disturbances in the metabolism of cells transformed by the neoplasm. The effect of this phenomenon is probably the opening of calcium canals with the following cytoplasmatic hypercalcemia. It's very destructive for the change in permeability of the membrane of lymphocytes.
Pol Arch Weter 1991
PMID:[The content of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions and membrane enzyme activity (AP, 5'-NT, ATPases) in the lymphocytes infected in vitro with bovine leukemia virus]. 166 9

For assessing the risk of adverse complications of surgery the group of 130 patients with post-operational hypoparathyroidism was analysed. Surgical hypoparathyroidism has been diagnosed in 51% of operated on thyroid gland patients. Laryngeal nerves have been damaged in 46.6% of patients. The injury to laryngeal nerves has been irreversible in 2/3 of patients, and reversible in the remaining 1/3. Cataract, nephrolithiasis and vitamin D3 intoxication have been observed in some cases before surgery. Their incidence increased in severe surgical hypoparathyroidism. Osteoporosis of the spine has been diagnosed in 49% of patients including some with vertebral fractures. No correlation between the degree of spine osteoporosis and diagnosis before surgery, number of operations on thyroid gland, and type of therapy has been noted. The symptoms of hypercalcemia have been diagnosed in 5 patients out of which hypercalcemia has been transient in 2 patients, and lasted for 1-5 months in the remaining 3 patients. The results of 7,873 analyses of mineral metabolism have been assessed. Hypocalcemia has been found in 38.4%, hypercalcemia in 1.6%, hypomagnesemia in 25.7%, hyperphosphatemia in 41.5%, decreased alkaline phosphatase serum activity in 28.7%, and hypercalciuria in 22.4% of cases. Surgical hypoparathyroidism is frequently accompanied by surgical hypothyroidism and injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerves.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Postoperative hypoparathyroidism: risk of complications]. 166 68

The aim of the study was the evaluation of the efficacy of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the control of serum phosphorus level in children with ESRD. Sixteen patients (group I) were evaluated retrospectively, 25 pts (group II) were observed prospectively. The pts from group I were treated with CaCO3 (100-800 mg/kg/day) with or without Al(OH)3 and with different doses of DHT. The pts from group II were treated with CaCO3 and DHT without Al(OH)3 but some of them had obtained Al(OH)3 in the past. The doses of CaCO3 were individually adjusted to maintain the serum calcium level 5.0-5.5 mEq/l. In the pts on CAPD evaluated retrospectively the control of serum phosphorus level was better and episodes of hypercalcemia were more frequent than in the pts on HD. Neither the concomitant use of Al(OH)3 with CaCO3 nor varying the dosage of DHT within assumed range influenced serum phosphorus level. The differences in serum phosphorus level and in the frequency of episodes of hypercalcemia in pts in group II were less obvious then in group I. It may depend on more precise adjustment of CaCO3 doses to the individual needs of these pts. The episodes of hypercalcemia in the group II were more frequent in pts who received Al(OH)3 in the past.
Mater Med Pol
PMID:Calcium carbonate as a phosphate binder in children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis. 184 16

Vitamin D3 administered to patients with postoperative hypoparathyroidism increases calcium absorption from the gut and calcium blood levels but leads to hypercalciuria and may produce renal lithiasis. Thiazides decrease calcium excretion with the urine. Therefore, an effect of combined therapy with hydrochlorothiazide, vitamin D3 and calcium on hypoparathyroidism was investigated. Twenty one women were selected out of 135 patients with postoperative hypoparathyroidism. These women were constantly given vitamin D3 (30,000-225,000 IU daily) and calcium. Normocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypercalciuria were noted before the treatment with hydrochlorothiazide. Therapy normalized hypercalciuria but did not change mean differences in calcemia, phosphatemia, magnesemia, blood alkaline phosphatase and phosphates and magnesium clearance factors. Hypercalcemia and necessity to withdraw hydrochlorothiazide together with change of either doses or preparation of vitamin D3 were noted in three patients, including one patient in whom both hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria with the symptoms of vitamin D3 poisoning were observed. The author suggests that combined therapy with hydrochlorothiazide, vitamin D3 and calcium prevents hypercalciuria but may require changes in vitamin D3 dosage and withdrawal of hydrochlorothiazide in some patients.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Effect of hydrochlorothiazide on calcium metabolism in postoperative hypoparathyroidism]. 196 53

The occurrence of acetylation phenotype has been studied in 76 patients with untreated hyperthyroidism. In 23 of these patients having the "fast" and in 42 having the "slow" acetylation phenotype the selected parameters of calcium-phosphate metabolism have been determined before, during and after propranolol therapy lasting six days. Propranolol was administered at a dose of 160 milligrams daily. A significant decrease in the blood serum level of calcium and urinary calcium excretion following propranolol administration was found only in patients with hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria. On the other hand, a significant decrease in the urinary excretion of hydroxyproline was observed in all the patients with hyperthyroidism treated with propranolol. The effect of propranolol on the measured parameters of calcium-phosphorus metabolism was similar in hyperthyroid patients with both "fast" and "slow" acetylation phenotypes, what suggests that it does not depend on the N-acetyltransferase activity.
Endokrynol Pol 1989
PMID:[Acetylation phenotype and the changes in selected indicators of calcium-phosphate metabolism in patients with hyperthyroidism treated with propranolol]. 248 31

Standard therapy with orally administered active metabolites of vitamin D3 often does not satisfactorily control the biochemical manifestations of secondary hyperparathyroidism in uremic patients. This may be due to inadequate serum concentrations of 1,25 (OH)2D3 achieved during the treatment. Eighteen patients on chronic hemodialysis (HD) with severe hyperparathyroidism were given high doses of calcitriol (1,25 (OH)2D3) or alphacalcidol (1 alpha-OH-D3) orally, in ten evenings preceding each HD session. The effect of the treatment on circulating parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum hydroxyproline, serum alkaline phosphatase and bone isoenzyme was examined in a pilot study during 5 weeks. Irrespective the preparation given the treatment caused 71.7 +/- 22.2% reduction of intact serum PTH concentration with only moderate rise of serum calcium. A decrease of serum hydroxyproline and activity of alkaline phosphatase with its bone fraction, the direct indexes of bone turnover reduction, was also observed. With ongoing calcium carbonate therapy (3-6 g/day) 5 episodes of mild, asymptomatic hypercalcemia was observed for the 108 times of the total number of examinations; in those cases the dose of alphacalcidol was reduced. Our observations indicate that intermittent administration of 1,25 (OH)2D3 as well as 1 alpha-OH-D3 in high oral doses effectively suppress PTH synthesis in uremic hyperparathyroidism already in a couple of weeks. The effect is similar to that obtained with intravenous administration of the vitamin D3 active metabolites.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1993 Feb
PMID:[Oral pulsatile therapy with active vitamin D3 metabolites--an efficient method of parathyroid hormone synthesis suppression in uremic patients with severe hyperparathyroidism. A pilot study]. 850 2


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