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Query: UMLS:C0020437 (hypercalcemia)
 10,293 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Circulating levels of immunoreactive (i) PGE, calcium and parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were examined in 21 patients with neoplasia and 3 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Plasma iPGE was elevated in 4 of 11 hypercalcemic cancer patients; all extracts of liver metastases obtained from 3 of these 4 patients had elevated iPGE levels (metastases = 19.43 +/- 3.43, n = 11; normal liver = 2.04 +/- 0.23; ng/g tissue, x +/- SE, P less than .001). In contrast, only one of 10 normocalcemic cancer patients and none of 3 hyperparathyroid patients had elevated plasma iPGE. There were no apparent relationships between the presence of metastases and either hypercalcemia or elevations of plasma iPGE. Serum iPTH levels were undetectable or below the mean of the normal range in 19 of 21 cancer patients; only the three hyperparathyroid patients had elevated levels. Seven hypercalcemic patients were treated with indomethacin; plasma iPGE decreased in 6 (-34 +/- 10% decrement, n = 6, P less than .01). Decreases in serum calcium occurred only in those patients (2 of 6) who had abnormally elevated plasma iPGE prior to the therapy. It is concluded that plasma iPGE elevations are found in some cancer patients, especially those with hypercalcemia, and that this marker may identify those patients who will respond to indomethacin treatment.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1976 Dec
PMID:Plasma prostaglandin E in patients with cancer with and without hypercalcemia. 100 18

Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors have, in the past, been shown to inhibit osteolysis caused by breast carcinoma tissue in vitro. We therefore assessed the effect of Indomethacin and aspirin on some parameters of calcium metabolism in patients with breast cancer. Neither drug reduced the serum calcium in pateints with hypercalcemia, nor reduced skeletal destruction as measured by the urinary hydroxy proline: creatinine ratio and urinary calcium in normocalcemic or hypercalcemic patients with osteolytic metastases. A possible reason for the discrepancy between results obtained in vitro and in vivo is that there are two phases of bone destruction in breast cancer; the early phase dependent and the late phase independent of prostaglandin synthesis.
Prostaglandins 1976 Dec
PMID:Failure of indomethacin to reduce hypercalcemia in patients with breast cancer. 100 35

Between 1969 and April 1975 24 patients with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT) clinically presenting with uremic osteopathy required either total (n=5) or subtotal (n=18) parathyroidectomies, 17 patients were already supported by maintenance hemodialysis, 6 patients suffered from terminal renal insufficiency. The leading clinical symptoms consisted of general osteoporosis, spontaneous fractures, extraosseous calcifications and histologically proven dissecting fibroosteoclasia. After operation 18 patients experienced complete relief from their complaints and repair of their skeletal lesions, 2 patients required reexploration for an undetected hyperfunctioning 4th parathyroid gland, regretfully with no success. In 4 patients with subtotal parathyoidectomy a recurrence of varying intensity with increased PTH-secretion from the remnant had to be registered after months and years.-The indication for surgical treatment of sHPT due to chronic renal failure has to be based on two sets of findings: 1) inadequate longterm suppression of increased PTH secretion by conservative measures like high dialysate calcium concentration or oral calcium intake, serum phosphorus depletion by oral intake of aluminium hydroxyde and possibly also by Vit. D; 2) persistent hypercalcemia, progressive osteodystrophy and severe complaints like bone pain and pruritus.
Langenbecks Arch Chir 1976 Dec 22
PMID:[Surgical aspects of secondary hyperparathyroidism (author's transl)]. 101 8

Report on a patient with osteomalacia due to renal phosphate loss. At onset the patient was aged 43 years. No other tubular defects were detected except glycinuria. The patient was followed over a period of 12 years. 3 years after treatment with oral phosphate and vitamin D3 persistent hypercalcemia developed with highly elevated levels of parathyroid hormone. After removal of one enlarged parathyroid gland serum calcium normalized, but elevated parathyroid hormone levels still persist. The spontaneous occurrence of hypophosphatemic osteomalacia in an adult male and its connections with the development of hyperparathyroidism are discussed.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1976 Dec 18
PMID:[Sporadic adult hypophosphatemic vitamin D resistant osteomalacia (phosphate diabetes) and hyperparathyroidism]. 101 14

A case is described in which an unusually large parathyroid adenoma was visible on the plain chest radiograph taken during the investigation of hypercalcaemia. This was diagnosed preoperatively and a scheme is suggested whereby such a disgnosis can now readily be made. The differential diagnosis is discussed ant the literature is reviewed.
Thorax 1976 Dec
PMID:A large intrathoracic parathyroid adenoma. 101 50

Automated laboratory procedures have made possible to "screen" a large population for specific biochemical abnormalities. Primitive hyperparathyroidism is for several respects an excellent disease model for testing "mass screening". Il is often asymptomatic, not uncommon, and is manifested by abnormalities in the levels of serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus, that can be detected cheaply with automated equipment. A computer program has been developed to screen patients with hypercalcaemia. During a period of 18 months 22720 hospitalized patients were investigated by the evaluation of serum calcium, and 80 hypercalcaemic patients were found. The diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism was established in 24 patients (in 19 histologically confirmed) so that the incidence of primary hyperparathyroidism (1,05%) compares favorably with that reported from some foreign Authors.
Quad Sclavo Diagn 1976 Dec
PMID:[Serum calcium evaluation and incidence of primary hyperparathyroidism in hospitalized patients (author's transl)]. 102 89

White Leghorn eggs were injected on the 15th day of incubation with various doses of an acqueous extract of Solanum malacoxylon (SME). Most of the embryos died after the injection of 0.2 ml but the dose of 0.1 ml was well tolerated. The concentration of calcium in the sera from 15-day embryos injected with 0.1 ml SME was determined. Three hr after the injection the concentration of calcium had increased significantly; this increase lasted for at least 3 hr more but had disappeared 12 hr after the injection. It is suggested that this hypercalcemia may be produced by a water-soluble analog of 1,25-(OH)2D3 the presence of which has been demonstrated in the SME by other authors. It is also assumed that the mortality produced by the higher doses may be related to the hypercalcemia.
Rev Can Biol 1976 Dec
PMID:Production of hypercalcemia in the chick embryo by an extract of Solanum malacoxylon. 103 Aug 14

Five patients who had gross abnormalities of calcium and phosphorus metabolism due to long standing renal failure are described to illustrate the difficulties with the term "tertiary hyperparathyroidism". One patient who had unequivocal biochemical tertiary hyperparathyroidism was found histologically to have nodular hyperplasia of all four glands even though one gland weighed twice as much (12g) as the combined weight of the other three. Another patient was not hypercalcaemic but had all the other features of the condition including rapid onset of osteitis fibrosa, vascular calcification and a probable parathyroid adenoma, with hyperplasia of the three glands. The other three had hypercalcaemia only after a reduction in the plasma inorganic phosphorus due either to renal transplantation or aluminum hydroxide therapy. The bone histology of the five patients varied from severe osteomalacia to severe osteitis fibrosa. A consideration of the factors involved in causing hypercalcaemia in these patients and a review of the literature leads to the conclusion that the term tertiary hyperparathyroidism is often misleading and best avoided.
Aust N Z J Med 1975 Dec
PMID:What is tertiary hyperparathyroidism? 106 86

A case of myoglobinuric acute renal failure complicated by hypercalcaemia is reported. Data on 13 other such cases published in the English literature since 1964 are summarised. Hypercalcaemia appears to be uniquely confined to rhabdomyolysis-myoglobinuric acute renal failure. Serum calcium concentrations should be monitored in such patients.
N Z Med J 1976 Dec 22
PMID:Hypercalcaemia in acute renal failure. 107 85

We investigated the role of prostaglandins in the hypercalcemia associated with neoplasia. In patients with hypercalcemia and solid tumors the excretion of the major urinary metabolite of the E prostaglandins, 7 alpha-hydroxy-5, 11-diketotetranorprostane-1, 16-dioic acid (PGE-M), was significantly greater than normal, P LESS THAN 0.01 (median of 58.4 and 7.1 ng per milligram of creatinine respectively). Slightly elevated values were seen in normocalcemic patients with solid tumors (14.3 ng per milligram). The levels of the metabolite were normal in hypercalcemic patients with either hematologic neoplasia or primary hyperparathyroidism. Immunoreactive parathyroid hormone was undetectable in the plasma of all hypercalcemic patients with solid tumors. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by aspirin or indomethacin reduced excretion of both the urinary metabolite and serum calcium in six hypercalcemic patients with solid tumors and elevated excretion of the metabolite. These findings support the concept that prostaglandins are mediators of the hypercalcemia caused by certain solid tumors.
N Engl J Med 1975 Dec 18
PMID:Prostaglandins as mediators of hypercalcemia associated with certain types of cancer. 118 22


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