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Query: UMLS:C0020437 (hypercalcemia)
 10,293 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The results of radio-immunoassay of parathormone in peripheral venous blood (using an anti-serum preferentially recognising fragments from the carboxyl-terminal pole) were compared with those of blood calcium measured on the same day in 33 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism. In the 28 patients with hypercalcaemia, PTH was invariably high (27 cases) or at the upper limit of normal (1 case). In the 5 patients with normal blood calcium levels, it was normal in 3 cases. It is thus important to take blood calcium levels into account in the interpretation of PTH estimation, that latter being more valid during a hypercalcaemic phase.
Nouv Presse Med 1977 Dec 31
PMID:[The relationship between parathormone and calcium blood levels in primary hyperparathyroidism. Diagnostic value (authors transl)]. 60 36

The plasma parathormone was measured by radioimmunological determination in 23 cases of cancer with bone metastases, 8 of mammary origin. In 11 cases the plasma parathormone (iPTH) was less than 4 ng/ml (lower normal limit), as might be expected in view of the hypercalcemia. In 12 cases the iPTH was higher than 4 ng/ml, in 8 of these higher than 8 ng/ml (upper normal limit). These results are suggestive of the role of a substance analogous to parathormone in the genesis of the hypercalcaemia and peritumoral bone resorption of bone metastases of solid tumors.
Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1977 Dec
PMID:[Radioimmunologic determination of plasma parathormone in hypercalcemia caused by cancer with osseous metastases]. 60 75

In order to evaluate the effect of acute moderate hypercalcemia on both smooth and skeletal muscle function of the human esophagus, 12 subjects were given intravenous calcium chloride in normal saline. Serum calcium increased from a basal value of 9.6 +/- 0.1 mg per dl (mean +/- 1 SEM) to 11.4 +/- 0.2 mg per dl at 90 min after initiation of calcium infusion (P less than 0.01). Both amplitude and Dp/Dt of esophageal contractions decreased significantly in the skeletal muscle segment; however, amplitude and Dp/Dt increased significantly in the smooth muscle segment. Lower esophageal sphincter pressure remained unchanged. Duration of contractions and peristaltic wave speed were unaltered. Possible explanations for the divergent effect of hypercalcemia on the two types of esophageal muscle are discussed.
Gastroenterology 1978 Dec
PMID:Effect of acute hypercalcemia on human esophageal motility. 71 Aug 63

Of 51 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (2 patients with MEN, Type 1 clinical symptomatology, diagnostic procedures, differential diagnosis, operative strategy and long-term results are being reported. Aside from clinical findings and radiologic signs in our hands determination of the ionized serum calcium fraction, results of chrest bone biopsies and parathormone determinations are best parameters to substantiate the diagnosis of PHPT. Parathormone radioimmunassay determination is very helpful in localizing the adenoma, especially in cases of reoperations. Five patients were seen in acute hypercalcemic crises, in which emergency operations are absolutely indicated. Postoperative hypercalcemia and recurrencies were observed in 3.9%. Successful extirpation of parathyroid adenomas (15% multiple adenomas were found) is the therapy of choice in PHPT, only in cases with hyperplasia subtotal parathyroidectomy is indicated.
Langenbecks Arch Chir 1978 Dec 20
PMID:[Diagnosis and therapy of primary hyperparathyroidism (author's transl)]. 72 76

Unilateral tibial fractures were produced in adult, 1-year-old, male Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals were then treated for 6 weeks with daily doses of 2.5 micrograms, 1.25 micrograms or 0.125 microgram 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1alpha-OH-D3). The aim of the investigation was to study the effect of this treatment on the healing process of the fracture and on the composition of the fractured bone. The general effect of 2.5 micrograms of 1alpha-OH-D3 was a significant loss of body weight (20 per cent) and hypercalcaemia. The lower dose levels, however, did not affect the body weight, and with a dose of 0.125 microgram the serum calcium level did not increase significantly. The healing rate of the fractures increased in all treatment groups as compared with the controls. The water content of the fractured tibias increased in the rats treated with 2.5 micrograms doses but decreased in the other groups. On the other hand the mineral content increased in the groups treated with 1.25 micrograms and 0.125 microgram doses and decreased in the largest dose group. Furthermore the amount of organic material per wet weight increased with the 2.5 micrograms dose and was mainly unchanged in the other groups. The hydrated bone density and the cortical thickness of the tibia increased most significantly in the group treated with 0.125 microgram but the trabecular bone area of the periosteal callus did not increase significantly. The conclusion is drawn that treatment with small doses of 1alpha-OH-D3 has a beneficial effect on the healing rate and on the mineralization of the fracture callus, and on cortical bone formation.
Acta Orthop Scand 1978 Dec
PMID:The effect of 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol on the healing of experimental fractures in adult rats. 73 73

The effect of somatostatin on the insulin response to an acute intravenous glucose load was studied in five normal subjects before and after induction hypercalcaemia. In the normocalcaemic state, the insulin response to glucose was depressed by somatostatin. In the hypercalcaemic state, insulin responses to glucose in the presence of somatostatin, were partially restored and appeared to be related to the level of increment of serum ionized calcium. It is concluded that, in the human being, hypercalcaemia and somatostatin have opposite actions on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1978 Dec
PMID:The effect of serum ionized calcium elevation on somatostatin inhibition of glucose-induced insulin release in humans. 74 92

Patients with asymptomatic or smoldering multiple myeloma should not be treated but should be observed closely for progression. For symptomatic myeloma, chemotherapy is indicated. Melphalan, the agent of choice, should be given with prednisone for 1 week of every 6 weeks, If melphalan brings no response, or response and then relapse, cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) should be give intravenously every 4 weeks or orally every day. BCNU, CCNU, and doxorubicin (Adriamycin) have also shown activity in myeloma. Hypercalcemia occurs in one-third of patients and should be countered with hydration, corticosteroids, Neutra-Phos, or mithramycin. Long-term hemodialysis has achieved some success. The combination of sodium flouride and calcium carbonate produces new bone formation; it seems a useful adjunct in treatment for myelomatous bone disease. Radiation should be utilized only for severe, localized pain or for solitary lesions. Survival with multiple myeloma varies, mean durations being 2 to 3 years. Multivariate analysis indicates that serum creatinine and calcium levels are the most significant indicators regarding 2-year survival. We have found monoclonal proteinuria not significantly more frequent with renal insufficiency than with normal renal function, renal insufficiency not significantly more frequent with lambda than with kappa chains, and survival not significantly greater with IgG myeloma than with IgA.
Mayo Clin Proc 1976 Dec
PMID:Management and prognosis of multiple myeloma. 79 81

Tear calcium and magnesium levels were measured in eight patients with hypercalcemia and two patients with hypocalcemia and compared to that of 72 subjects with normal serum calcium and magnesium levels. No correlation was found between tear and serum calcium and magnesium levels. Tear calcium level has no diagnostic importance.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1977 Dec
PMID:Tear calcium and magnesium levels of normal subjects and patients with hypocalcemia or hypercalcemia. 92 46

An example of Kaposi's sarcoma with primary involvement of lymph nodes is reported. The patient, a woman, was admitted because of generalized lymphadenopathy and anemia. She was also known to have congestive heart failure of rheumatic origin. SMA-12 screening disclosed hypercalcemia on several occasions during her hospitalization. Levels of circulating parathormone and prostaglandins E2 and F were markedly increased. Total bone scan was negative for involvement by tumor. Electronmicroscopic examination of an involved lymph node disclosed secretory bodies in the cytoplasm of malignant cells and other cells, with clear indication of endothelial origin. The rarity of Kaposi's sarcoma with primary lymph nodal involvement in the United States is discussed. So far as is known by the authors, no example of Kaposi's sarcoma has been associated with hypercalcemia due to ectopic endocrine production.
Am J Clin Pathol 1976 Dec
PMID:Primary Kaposi's sarcoma of lymph nods. 99 71

In studies of calcium metabolism in 13 unselected patients with untreated sarcoidosis all were normocalcaemic but five had hypercalcuria. All had normal renal function. Calcium absorption was indexed by a double isotope test. 45Ca hyperabsorption occurred in six patients. Ten kinetic studies were carried out with 47Ca and in six bone turnover was increased. 45Ca absorption correlated well with the calculated bone uptake rate of calcium, and with urine calcium excretion. These results suggest that in sarcoidosis abnormalities in calcium metabolism are fairly common although they rarely result in sustained hypercalcaemia.
Br Med J 1976 Dec 18
PMID:Abnormal calcium metabolism in normocalcaemic sarcoidosis. 100 Feb 60


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