Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020437 (hypercalcemia)
 10,293 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three cases of pulmonary atypical mycobacteriosis (AM) were reported. Two cases were associated with lung cancer in which the diagnosis of malignancy was difficult and delayed by the coexistence of AM. The third was a case of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) which manifested during the course of AM. In case 1 (73 years, male) and case 2 (86 years, male), chest roentgenogram abnormalities as well as clinical symptoms were considered to be caused by mycobacteriosis because of positive smear of acid-fast bacilli in sputa on admission. Therefore it took four months and three months respectively for final diagnosis of lung cancer. The autopsy of case 1 revealed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with coexisting foci of squamous cell carcinoma in right lower lung, and granulomatous inflammations with caseating necroses in right mid and lower lungs. M. avium complex was cultured from sputum on admission, and also a high titer of HTLV-I antibody was demonstrated. In case 2 malignant cells were detected in sputa (class V), however his general condition did not allow an aggressive anticancer chemotherapy and he died of malignancy with complication of thromboangiitis obliterans on right lower leg. Case 3 was a 76-year-old male who had been diagnosed as lung AM for more than two years. His chest radiography showed bilateral infiltrative shadows with frequent positive cultures of M. avium complex (more than 100 colonies) from sputum. A generalized lymphadenopathy including right hilar lymph node on chest X-ray film was followed by the presence of atypical lymphocytes in peripheral blood and the elevation of HTLV-I antibody in serum. Four months later he died with hypercalcemia and renal failure in spite of chemotherapy (CPM + VCR + ADR + PLS). The above cases suggest that AM as well as tuberculosis should be considered when pulmonary infiltrates were observed in malignant patients, especially in patients with retrovirus infections.
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PMID:[Three cases of pulmonary atypical mycobacteriosis associated with lung cancer and adult T-cell leukemia]. 237 33

Near drowning in the Dead Sea is a potentially lethal accident; the swallowing of the salty water causes acute combined hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia, and this, rather than aspiration, is considered to be the main pathogenetic fator. The authors reviewed the electrocardiographic data of 37 patients who nearly drowned in the Dead Sea. Common findings in the acute phase included P wave changes, tendency for prolongation of P-R interval, prolongation of QRS complex, infra-His conduction disturbances, tendency for broadening and inversion of T wave, and the appearance of a prominent U wave. Three patients had potentially lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The QaTc interval (beginning of QRS complex to apex of T wave, corrected for heart rate), the expected QaTc calculated from calcium blood level (QaTce), and their difference (DQaTc), were measured or calculated. The QaTc was found within normal limits and did not change during recovery from the Dead Sea water poisoning. The DQaTc correlated significantly with serum magnesium level (p less than 0.001). This correlation signifies that hypermagnesemia normalizes the QaTc interval, which is usually shortened by isolated hypercalcemia. Combined hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia can be caused by swallowing excessively salty water. The potential cardiac complications require strict monitoring and electrocardiographic follow up study.
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PMID:Electrocardiographic manifestations of combined hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia. 238 29

The possible reversal by calcium of the inhibitory action of verapamil on the atrioventricular (AV) node was investigated in anesthetized, atropinized dogs, with cardiac pacing. The His bundle potentials were recorded by endocavitory electrode and the AV node effective refractory period measured by the extrastimulus method. Calcium infusion was effective against the impairment of AV nodal conduction induced by verapamil, provided it remained moderate: the gradual rise in the plasma calcium concentration counteracted the effects of an infusion of verapamil on conduction time and effective refractory period in the AV node, as long as it did not exceed 5 mmol/L. However, beyond this level, calcium appeared less and less capable of reversing the effects of verapamil. Thus, the protective action of calcium had a bell-shaped dose-response curve, with the optimum at 5 mmol/L. This biphasic influence is consistent with the opposite opinions previously given concerning the antagonism between calcium and calcium blockers, depending on whether hypercalcemia brought into play was mild or major. In any case, the prominent role played by calcium in the slow inward current in the AV node accounts for the antagonism, observed in vivo, between calcium and verapamil. The pacemaker activity of the sinoatrial (SA) node was less influenced by both calcium blocker and calcium.
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PMID:Effect of gradual rise in plasma calcium concentration on the impairment of atrioventricular nodal conduction due to verapamil. 241 94

A 49-year-old man with an 11 year history of NIDDM presented hypercalcemic and with acute on chronic renal failure. His only symptoms were mild anorexia and nausea. Four years previously he had been diagnosed as having lipoid pneumonia, with classical histological findings. On this admission, serum parathyroid hormone was suppressed and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D levels elevated. The cause of his hypercalcemia presumably was ectopic 1 hydroxylation of 25 hydroxyvitamin D in the chronic granulomata in his lungs. It should be emphasised that any chronic granulomatous disease, and not just sarcoidosis, may be a cause of hypercalcemia.
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PMID:Hypercalcemia and lipoid pneumonia. 263 65

A patient with concomitant primary hyperparathyroidism and Graves' disease with hyperthyroidism was observed during treatment with carbimazole. His serum free calcium levels was initially elevated (6.3mg/dl, normal 4.5-5.3 mg/dl) whereas his serum magnesium level was depressed (1.6 mg/dl, normal 1.7-2.8 mg/dl), but immunoreactive parathyroid hormone levels were only slightly increased (96 pg/ml, normal less than 86 pg/ml). During therapy with carbimazole, the patient became euthyroid and serum free calcium levels decreased to 6.0 mg/dl whereas serum magnesium levels increased to 2.3 mg/dl, and parathyroid hormone increased to values clearly indicative of hyperparathyroidism (185 pg/ml). A subtotal thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy corrected both diseases in this case. These observations suggested that hyperthyroidism per se causes a decrease in serum magnesium levels and also potentiates the osteoclastic effects of parathyroid hormone resulting in an exacerbation of hypercalcemia which in turn produced a relative inhibition of hormone secretion by the abnormal parathyroid tissue.
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PMID:Concurrent hyperthyroidism and hyperparathyroidism: influence of hyperthyroidism on serum magnesium, free calcium and parathyroid hormone. 279 61

A family of multiple endocrine neoplasia type I with five confirmed cases in three generations is described. All of them have primary hyperparathyroidism in common. The propositus is 51 year-old male. After a year of symptoms of gastroduodenal ulcer, he was found to have elevated levels of serum gastrin and PTH. The serial imaging studies revealed a tumor in pancreatic head, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome was diagnosed. The gastrin level was reduced into normal range after extirpation of the tumor, but post surgical elevation of Calcium put the patient under parathyroidectomy, which normalized serum PTH and Calcium levels. His two sisters (I and II), the mother of them, and the daughter of sister I, had neither signs nor symptoms until family study showed hypercalcemia in all. Sister I is a 54 year-old female with enlarged parathyroid. The hyperparathyroidism is of chemical type, but no other endocrinological abnormality is found. The Calcium level decreased after parathyroidectomy. Sister II is a 56 year-old female. The only sign was galactorrhea. Serum PTH and Calcium decreased after parathyroidectomy. The prolactinoma was diagnosed by the increased prolactin levels and enhanced mass lesion in sella turcica. Her serum prolactin levels is now within normal range since she is on bromocryptine. The mother of the above three siblings and the daughter of the sister I are now under further study.
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PMID:[A family with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I presenting prolactinoma, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and hyperparathyroidism]. 286 39

A 58-year-old man, born in Nagasaki prefecture, was admitted to our hospital because of anorexia and general fatigue on November 22, 1984. Hepatosplenomegaly was found without skin eruption. The blood examination on admission revealed leukocytosis (50,800/microliter) and atypical lymphocytes with hyperlobulated nuclei. He had hypercalcemia, and hepatic and renal damage. A diagnosis of adult T cell leukemia (ATL) in the acute stage was made. Treatment with KM2210, a conjugate of chlorambucil and estradiol, was started, and his peripheral leukocytes decreased gradually reaching, 19,700/microliter by the end of this medication. His leukocyte count continued to decrease after discontinuation of KM2210 and reached a nadir of 4,700/microliter. Hepatosplenomegaly and hypercalcemia also improved. About one month later, recurrence of the disease occurred and he was again treated with KM2210. Although the second course of the KM2210 therapy was also successful in relieving hepatosplenomegaly and leukocytosis, it proved impossible to ameliorate his poor condition and he died of DIC. Our case suggests that KM2210 has a remarkable cytotoxic effect against ATL cells even in the acute stage but the optimal schedule of treatment with this new drug should be established in order to obtain more satisfactory therapeutic results.
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PMID:[A case of adult T cell leukemia treated with a new chemotherapeutic agent, KM2210]. 287 13

A patient exhibited an unusual constellation of findings: His extraosseous lymphoma sequestered [99mTc]MDP, a bone-seeking agent, while at the same time it appeared to produce a factor that caused hypercalcemia. The dispersed lymphoma cells took up more [99mTc]MDP in vitro than did cultured lymphoblasts suggesting that the in vivo sequestration may have been, at least in part, an active intracellular process.
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PMID:What causes uptake of technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate by tumors? A case where the tumor appeared to secrete a hypercalcemia-causing substance. 315 21

Three cases of bladder carcinomas associated with hypercalcemia were presented. Case 1: A 43-year-old male was diagnosed as having bladder carcinoma 2 years ago and treated in another hospital by partial cystectomy with uretero-vesiconeostomy of the left side. On March 6, 1985, in our clinic, he received a total cystectomy with an ileal conduit for urinary bladder carcinoma. A 5-month post-operative clinical examination showed recurrence of the carcinoma with elevated serum Ca level (15.6 mg/dl). He was treated with eel-calcitonin, predonine, indomethacin, and furosemide, but died on August 23, 1985. Autopsy disclosed carcinoma of the urinary bladder (transitional cell cancer much greater than squamous cell cancer). Case 2: A 51-year-old male was diagnosed as having transitional carcinoma of the urinary bladder and was treated in our clinic by total cystectomy with cutaneous ureterostomy. Three months after the operation, he was readmitted with complaints of anorexia and disturbances of consciousness. His serum Ca level was elevated (17 mg/dl), and clinical examination showed recurrence of the carcinoma; bone scan revealed no metastasis. He was treated by radiotherapy with eel-calcitonin, predonine, indomethacin, and furosemide, but died on October 22, 1985. Autopsy disclosed carcinoma of the urinary bladder (squamous cell cancer). Case 3: A 72-year-old male was diagnosed as having a large urinary bladder tumor. An IVP showed a left non-functioning kidney. On admission, he complained of anorexia and confusion. His serum Ca level was elevated (13.8 mg/dl); bone scan revealed no metastasis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Bladder carcinoma associated with hypercalcemia: report of 3 cases]. 328 51

Two brothers with Williams syndrome without hypercalcaemia are presented. One boy died during the first month of life. His brother also had the typical phenotypic features of the elfin facies. He developed severe microcephaly and cataract and died at the age of 9 years. The skeleton was osteosclerotic at birth, and became generally osteoporotic at the age of 2 years. He had persistently elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels during the first 2 years of life, in spite of normocalcaemia. At autopsy, microcalcifications were found in the brain and kidneys. The present report underscores the familial occurrence of Williams syndrome of severe degree. Elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels without hypercalcaemia have not been reported previously, and may suggest causal heterogeneity of the Williams syndrome.
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PMID:Elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and normocalcaemia in presumed familial Williams syndrome. 343 85


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