Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020437 (hypercalcemia)
 10,293 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinico-pathologic features of 107 adult Chinese patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (excluding primary cutaneous lymphoma) are described and a comparison between HTLVI+ and HTLV-I- patients is made. There were 27 HTLV-I+ and 80 HTLV-I- patients. The virus-positive and -negative groups both had a male predominance and an identical median age of 48. Most patients in both groups presented with stage-IV disease, B symptoms, lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. The HTLV-I+ group had a significantly higher incidence of skin and pulmonary lesions, bone marrow and peripheral blood involvement, hypercalcemia, and elevated LDH level compared to the HTLV-I- group. Sinonasal lesions (10), mediastinal mass (5), and GI tract involvement (6) were only seen in the HTLV-I- group. Leukocytosis with the presence of circulating pleomorphic lymphoid cells was characteristic of HTLV-I+ cases, while cytopenia was more frequently present in HTLV-I- cases. All of the 24 HTLV-I+ patients tested were CD4+CD8-; of the 67 HTLV-I- patients tested, 46 were CD4+CD8-, 9 were CD4-CD8 , 5 were CD4-CD8- and 7 were CD4+CD8+. Phenotypic studies revealed significant differences in the expression of CD7 and CD25 between virus-positive and -negative groups. Both groups responded poorly to therapy. The median survival of HTLVI+ and HTLV-I- patients was 4 months and 13.5 months, respectively. Apart from the presence of more than 3 extranodal lesions, none of the other clinical features or histologic subtypes had prognostic significance in the entire group or either of the subgroups. This series of peripheral T-cell lymphomas in Taiwan indicate that HTLV-I+ and HTLV-I- patients had many features in common, but presented several distinct differences.
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PMID:HTLV-I-positive and HTLV-I-negative peripheral T-cell lymphomas in Taiwan Chinese. 173 May 11

Twenty-five Chinese patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) associated adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) were identified in Taiwan. No patients had been outside Taiwan and none were descendants of Japanese heritage. Their ages ranged from 28 to 71 years. There were 17 men and eight women. Main clinical and laboratory features at presentation were lymphadenopathy (16), skin lesions (11), hepatosplenomegaly (11), pulmonary lesions (11), hypercalcaemia (10) and bone marrow infiltration (14). Peripheral blood was characterized by leucocytosis with presence of pleomorphic abnormal lymphocytes but rare anaemia or thrombocytopenia. The clinical subtypes were acute in 15, chronic in three, smouldering in one, and lymphoma type in six. The immunophenotypes of the ATLL cells were characterized by the expression of CD2+, CD4+, CD7-, CD8- and CD25+. The overall prognosis was poor with a median survival of 5 months. The acute form had a significantly shorter survival (2 months) than lymphoma type (13 months). Susceptibility to various infections was common. Pulmonary complications accounted for 73% of the causes of death. The clinicopathologic features of ATLL in Taiwan are indistinguishable from those in HTLV-I endemic areas. The present series adds to the knowledge of the worldwide pattern of the disease.
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PMID:Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I associated adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma in Taiwan Chinese. 195 72

In a series of fourteen patients with adult T-cell lymphoma-leukaemia (ATLL) in Brazil the main features were lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, hypercalcaemia, and high leucocyte counts, with abnormal lymphoid cells which had irregular nuclei. The series included the youngest patient with ATLL so far (18 months). Analysis with monoclonal antibodies showed a mature T-cell phenotype (CD4+, CD8-). Antibodies to HTLV-I and/or integration of HTLV-I proviral DNA were found in eleven patients. In the other three HTLV-I DNA could not be demonstrated even by means of the polymerase chain reaction; they therefore had HTLV-I-negative ATLL. This report of ATLL in Brazil corroborates serological reports that HTLV-I may be endemic in some parts of that country. Follow-up studies are required to identify precisely the main route of transmission of HTLV-I in South America and the risk factors for the development of ATLL in carriers.
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PMID:Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma in Brazil and its relation to HTLV-I. 167 Nov 54

A 60-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with symmetrical arthritis of the knees. During the 2 years preceding admission, she had experienced recurrent arthritis. A histological examination of her synovial tissue showed prominent villous proliferation of the synovial cells, prominent vascularity throughout and an inflammatory infiltrate composed of abnormal mononuclear cells. Three months later, she developed fever, skin eruptions, lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. She also had hypercalcemia and there was abnormal lymphocytosis in her blood smears. She was diagnosed as having adult T cell leukemia. Parenteral chemotherapy treatment with adriamycin and cyclophosphamide gave remission of all the manifestations of disease, including arthritis. Her leukemia recurred, however, and she died 6 months after the diagnosis was made.
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PMID:A case of adult T cell leukemia complicated by proliferative synovitis. 202 26

46-year-old male patient was born in Niigata Prefecture and thereafter lived in Tokyo. In late January 1985, he noticed swelling of the bilateral inguinal lymph-nodes followed by fever and lumbago. In February, he consulted a local doctor and hepatosplenomegaly, marked leukocytosis and renal dysfunction were pointed out and he was referred to our hospital on February 22nd. The clinical laboratory data on admission were as follows; WBC 23,200/microliter, serum-Ca 18.4 mg/dl, BUN 85.3 mg/dl, creatinine 5.4 mg/dl, antibody to ATLV x160. ATL was diagnosed by biopsy of lymph nodes and examinations of peripheral blood and bone marrow hemogram. Remission was achieved in March by the treatment with adriacin. Renal failure and hypercalcemia also improved. However his respiratory dysfunction gradually worsened. The chest radiographies++ showed pulmonary edema, although there was no clinical evidence of heart failure. When his condition became stable, TBLB was performed and revealed extensive deposition of calcium along alveolar septae, suggesting that pulmonary edema was induced by the metastatic calcification of the lung. After the second treatment for ATL, he died of pneumonia. The autopsy showed calcium deposition not only in the lung but in pyramids of the kidney and in sub-serous layer of the small intestine. There was no tumor cell invasion into the bone or parathyroid gland. High urinary c-AMP together with normal levels of PTH suggested that the hypercalcemia in this case was induced by PTH-related protein. It was concluded that careful treatment for hypercalcemia is important as regards the occurrence of pulmonary edema.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of adult T-cell leukemia complicated with metastatic calcification of the lung]. 204 Dec 50

A 59 years old woman, born in Fukuoka Prefecture, was admitted to our hospital in Aug, 1988 because of diarrhea, fever and skin eruption. Physical examination revealed systemic lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. The white blood cell count was 11,200/microliters with 28% atypical lymphocytes with convoluted nuclei. Mild anemia, thrombocytopenia and hypercalcemia were also observed. Antibody against the adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) associated antigen in serum was positive. OKT 4/8 ratio was high. A diagnosis of ATL was made. Because of the complications of pneumonia and herpes simplex, systemic chemotherapy was not given, and interferon (IFN)-alpha-2b was intramuscularly injected daily from Oct, 1988, resulting in the disappearance of atypical lymphocytes and improvement of skin lesions. The effect of IFN therapy lasted for three months, followed by increase of atypical lymphocytes. Although the patient became refractory to systemic IFN therapy, local injection of IFN into a buccal tumor infiltrated with atypical lymphocytes resulted in its regression of size. In spite of continued administration of IFN, the patient died of pneumonia in Jan, 1989.
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PMID:[Successful treatment of adult T-cell leukemia with interferon-alpha-2b by systemic and local administration]. 224 35

One hundred and twenty-five cases of biopsy proven sarcoidosis have been found during a prospective study since 1972 in Calcutta, Eastern India. The presentation, clinical course and radiological features are considerably different from those seen in the West. Elderly males over 40 years are more prone. Low grade fever, cough, dyspnoea, arthralgia are common symptoms while hepatosplenomegaly, hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria and hyperglobulinaemia are frequent signs. Nearly 60% are MT negative (up to 100 TU). Serum angiotensin converting enzyme and high lymphocyte count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are usual findings in active disease. Chest X-ray usually shows mottled opacities or fibrosis in 60% cases. Clinico-radiological dissociation (i.e. remarkable dissociation between the alarming-looking chest X-ray and scanty physical signs and symptoms in chest) was a very remarkable feature in this series. Treatment with oral steroid or steroid aerosol with oxyphenbutazone and chloroquine give equally good results initially. However, most cases tend to relapse inspite of adequate initial treatment. The pattern of the disease is similar almost all over India with minor regional differences like more erythema nodosum and eye involvement in Chandigarh in the extreme north (which could also have been due to case selection). The pattern from Northern India (Delhi) and Western India is nearly similar to our figures.
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PMID:Sarcoidosis in India: a review of 125 biopsy-proven cases from eastern India. 234 18

Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma, an aggressive T-cell leukemia, is characterized by the presence in the peripheral blood of malignant T cells that have highly indented or lobulated nuclei. Phenotypically the cells are usually helper T cells, but functionally they behave as suppressor cells. Patients have skin and lung involvement, hepatosplenomegaly, moderate lymphadenopathy sparing the mediastinum, and various metabolic abnormalities such as hypercalcemia. The clinical course may be chronic or acute, usually followed by a rapidly progressive terminal course. Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma is now known to be caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I, which has been identified in the cells of patients with the disease.
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PMID:Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. 266 14

To elucidate the clinicopathologic features of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in Taiwan, 123 adult patients with proven NHL were studied. They were classified according to the international working formulation as: low grade (LG), 12.2%; intermediate grade (IG), 42.3%; and high grade (HG) lymphoma, 45.5%. The most common subtypes were diffuse large cell (26.8%) and large cell immunoblastic (26.8%) lymphomas. Follicular lymphoma accounted for only 8.9% (11 cases). Complete remission rates for LG, IG and HG lymphomas were 53%, 35% and 34%, respectively. LG lymphoma had a significantly better survival than that of IG and HG lymphomas. The IG lymphoma encompassed a heterogeneous group of patients with varying prognoses but the overall survival curve was indistinguishable from that of HG lymphoma. Clinically, 66% of HG, 77% of IG and 86% of LG lymphoma presented with advanced disease. LG lymphoma had high frequencies of hepatosplenomegaly (30-50%) and bone marrow involvement (53%), whereas skin, bone and central nervous system involvement occurred exclusively in IG and HG lymphomas. Mild anemia was common and occurred in 40-50% of the patients. Hyperimmunoglobulinemia was found in 50-60% of all 3 grades of lymphoma, monoclonal gammopathy in 3 cases of IG lymphoma, and hypercalcemia in 4 cases of IG and HG lymphomas. Elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase occurred mainly in IG and HG lymphomas and was an important prognostic factor. In conclusion, the characteristic features of NHL in Taiwan include: (1) a high proportion of HG lymphoma and low proportions of LG and follicular lymphomas; (2) a heterogeneous patient composition of IG lymphoma with an unfavorable overall prognosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Adult non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Taiwan area: a clinicopathologic study of 123 cases based on working formulation classification. 276 10

A 58-year-old man, born in Nagasaki prefecture, was admitted to our hospital because of anorexia and general fatigue on November 22, 1984. Hepatosplenomegaly was found without skin eruption. The blood examination on admission revealed leukocytosis (50,800/microliter) and atypical lymphocytes with hyperlobulated nuclei. He had hypercalcemia, and hepatic and renal damage. A diagnosis of adult T cell leukemia (ATL) in the acute stage was made. Treatment with KM2210, a conjugate of chlorambucil and estradiol, was started, and his peripheral leukocytes decreased gradually reaching, 19,700/microliter by the end of this medication. His leukocyte count continued to decrease after discontinuation of KM2210 and reached a nadir of 4,700/microliter. Hepatosplenomegaly and hypercalcemia also improved. About one month later, recurrence of the disease occurred and he was again treated with KM2210. Although the second course of the KM2210 therapy was also successful in relieving hepatosplenomegaly and leukocytosis, it proved impossible to ameliorate his poor condition and he died of DIC. Our case suggests that KM2210 has a remarkable cytotoxic effect against ATL cells even in the acute stage but the optimal schedule of treatment with this new drug should be established in order to obtain more satisfactory therapeutic results.
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PMID:[A case of adult T cell leukemia treated with a new chemotherapeutic agent, KM2210]. 287 13


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