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Query: UMLS:C0020437 (hypercalcemia)
 10,293 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We present the case of an adolescent with hypercalcemia secondary to unrecognized hyperparathyroidism, which lead to complications such as pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus, and nephrocalcinosis. Although hypercalcemia is not common in the pediatric age, its early recognition and intervention are crucial for the prevention of highly morbid complications.
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PMID:Primary hyperparathyroidism: an unusual cause of pancreatitis in adolescence. 858 19

A 44 year old Japanese woman with adult T-cell leukaemia (ATL) was admitted to Kyushu University hospital to receive a course of alpha-interferon treatment. She experienced a sudden onset of hypercalcaemia and epigastric pain associated with an increase in the level of pancreatic enzymes. Her serum parathyroid hormone related protein level was above normal although her high sensitive PTH level was within the normal range. Ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed enlargement of the pancreas with indistinct margins and massive accumulation of extrapancreatic fluid. Cullen's sign was observed. A few days after the onset of acute pancreatitis, the serum amylase level increased to 3400 IU/L, and the serum calcium level fell to 4.2 mg/dL from 13.3 mg/dl. Her fasting blood glucose level increased to 242 mg/dL. Although the first episode of pancreatitis appeared to respond to treatment, she experienced a second episode of pancreatitis accompanied by an elevation of the serum calcium level. These findings suggest that acute pancreatitis was caused by hypercalcaemia associated with ATL.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis induced by hypercalcaemia associated with adult T-cell leukaemia: a case report. 867 68

Hyperparathyroidism occurs sporadically, in association with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) types I and II, or rarely as familial hyperparathyroidism (FHPT) without other manifestations. We analyzed our experience in 16 FHPT patients from 14 families treated between 1934 and 1991 and reviewed 51 other FHPT patients reported in the literature to determine the clinical course of these patients. Among our 16 patients, 7 (44%) had a serum calcium level >/= 3.75 mmol/L, 5 (31%) presented with hypercalcemic crisis, 3 (19%) had osteitis fibrosa cystica, 5 (31%) had nephrolithiasis, 1 had pancreatitis, 12 (75%) had multiple abnormal parathyroid glands, 3 (19%) had supernumerary glands, and 7 (44%) required reoperation for persistent (n = 4) or recurrent (n = 3) hyperparathyroidism. Three patients (19%) also had papillary thyroid cancer, and 7 (44%) had other coexistent thyroid disorders. Among 51 patients with FHPT reported in the literature, 23 (45%) had serum calcium >/= 3.75 mmol/L, and 23 (45%) had multiple abnormal parathyroid glands; 10 (20%) had recurrent hyperparathyroidism. FHPT without other endocrinopathies is a distinct entity. Patients with FHPT have multiple abnormal parathyroid glands and are prone to both recurrent and persistent hyperparathyroidism. They frequently present with profound hypercalcemia or hypercalcemic crisis, in contrast to patients with MEN-associated hyperparathyroidism or sporadic hyperparathyroidism.
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PMID:Familial hyperparathyroidism without multiple endocrine neoplasia. 894 73

Malignant hypercalcemia is seldom the cause of an acute pancreatitis; this complication is more frequent when hypercalcemia is due to hyperparathyroidism. We present a case of acute pancreatitis triggered by a malignant hypercalcemia as the first sign of the neoplastic process. Solid tumors with bone extension can produce hypercalcemia and may be the origin of hypercalcemic pancreatitis.
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PMID:[Pancreatitis caused by hypercalcemia of malignant origin]. 896 82

We report a 12-year-old boy receiving long-term peritoneal dialysis who developed marked hypercalcemia and pancreatitis. Hypercalcemia was successfully treated by conducting dialysis with non-calcium-containing dialysate fluid. Factors predisposing to the development of hypercalcemia included the presence of adynamic bone disease and the use of vitamin D and calcium carbonate therapy. This case is presented to emphasize potential complications that can be associated with the adynamic bone lesion in patients on peritoneal dialysis.
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PMID:Hypercalcemia and pancreatitis in a child with adynamic bone disease. 909 Jun 72

It's well known that patients was acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) can develop various kinds of hepatobiliopancreatic diseases, for causes related to AIDS and for causes not related to HIV infection. The authors describe a case to their attention due to a suspected acute pancreatitis. The patient presented with abdominal pain, increased serum alkaline phosphatase and amylase levels. Serological test and stool concentration didn't show any opportunistic infection (Cytomegalovirus, Cryptosporidium). Abdominal ultrasonography showed enlargement of the head of the pancreas, gallbladder with biliary sludge, and a little dilatation of the biliary tree. The patient didn't feel better despite the medical treatment, so considering the probability of the migration of calculus, the patient underwent cholecystectomy. After the operation the patient felt better quickly. This case confirms the presence in HIV patients of pancreatitis for causes unrelated to AIDS like cholelithiasis as we showed, alcoholism, hypercalcemia, and the importance of an opportune surgical treatment that was resolutive.
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PMID:[Acute pancreatitis and AIDS]. 932 71

Chronic pancreatitis (CP), a disease described only in 1946 by Comfort and colleagues is currently a global disease. Chronic alcoholism, albeit is the most frequent etiologic factor for the disease in most of the affluent nations, a form of CP of undetermined etiology, tropical calculous pancreatitis (nutritional pancreatitis, Afro-Asian pancreatitis, or tropical calculous pancreatopathy) has been recognized to be prevalent in many developing nations. Hereditary pancreatitis inherited as an autosomal dominant disease is reported from all parts of the world. A landmark is the recent discovery of a gene that transmits the disease. Nearly 10% of cases of CP are truly "idiopathic" with no identifiable cause. Recent studies indicate that the idiopathic variety of CP has two subsets--a juvenile form and a senile or late onset form, with distinct clinical features. It is extremely rare to see CP secondary to hyperlipidemia or hypercalcemia. These etiologic associations appear to be overemphasized. Epidemiological studies indicate that alcoholism is growing in incidence all over the world along with an increase in all alcohol-associated disorders such as cirrhosis of the liver or pancreatitis. A genetic predisposition to alcoholic pancreatitis is suspected based on population studies, but not proven. The influence of cigarette smoking in enhancing alcohol-induced injury to the pancreas underscores the health hazard associated with alcoholism and cigarette smoking--two habits that often coexist in many individuals. The recent finding that all forms of CP are premalignant further emphasizes the need to enforce preventive measures. The hope is that CP is a preventable disease. The despair is that alcoholism is increasing and spreads across geographic and religious boundaries.
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PMID:Chronic pancreatitis: a historical and clinical sketch of the pancreas and pancreatitis. 953 Nov 14

Hyperparathyroidism is a common cause of hypercalcemia. The hypercalcemia usually is discovered during a routine serum chemistry profile. Often, there has been no previous suspicion of this disorder. In most patients initially believed to be asymptomatic, previously unrecognized symptoms resolve with surgical correction of the disorder. The symptoms of hyperparathyroidism are vague and often similar to symptoms of depression, irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia or stress reaction. Complications of primary hyperparathyroidism include peptic ulcers, nephrolithiasis, pancreatitis and dehydration. Surgical management is usually indicated. When medical management is used, routine monitoring for clinical deterioration is recommended. Preoperative localization of adenomas with technetium Tc 99m sestamibi scan is possible but may be unnecessary. An experienced surgeon should perform the parathyroidectomy.
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PMID:Hyperparathyroidism. 957 20

The results of treatment of 319 patients with acute pancreatitis are analyzed, 48 from them (15.1%)--with pancreanecrosis. Etiologic factors in destructive pancreatitis were alcohol addiction (41.67%), cholelithiasis (37.5%), hyperlipidemia (10.41%), hypercalcemia (4.17%), postoperative (4.17%). Location of the necrosis in parapancreatic fat cellular tissue was detected in 6 patients, in pancreatic head--in 8 and both in pancreatic head and corpus--in 11, in corpus and in tail--in 10; total pancreo-necrosis was observed in 5 patients. Therapeutic measures were conservative and only in cholelithiasis cholecystectomy was performed as well as drainage of the choledochus and abdominal cavity. Intensive care was aimed at blocking pancreatic and gastric secretion, inhibition of pancreatic enzymes ferments and suppressing mediators of inflammation, immunocorrection, prophylaxis of infection in the necrotic tissues. Desintoxication was carried out by combination of infusion therapy with forced diuresis, usage of extracorporeal methods and laparoscopic sanation of the abdominal cavity with subsequent lavage. Surgical interventions were carried out in far-off period only for complications of pancreanecrosis. Mortality rate in pancreanecrosis made up 20.85% and in total number of patients with acute pancreatitis--3.13%.
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PMID:[The clinical picture and treatment of destructive pancreatitis]. 968 Aug 11

Acute pancreatitis has many causes, the most common being biliary tract disease and alcoholism. Other etiologic categories are abdominal trauma; postoperative, including endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; metabolic, including hypercalcemia and hypertriglyceridemia; Infectious; idiopathic; and drug-induced. The drugs most strongly associated with pancreatitis are sulfonamides, thiazides, furosemide, estrogens, and tetracycline. Approximately 100 cases of pancreatitis induced by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor have been reported to the US Food and Drug Administration, of which about 20 involved lisinopril. We report a case of pancreatitis occurring only 3 hours after intake of lisinopril by a man without other risk factors for the illness. The patient had experienced a similar but less severe reaction to this medication 3 months earlier. This case probably represents the first time a patient was rechallenged with lisinopril and had a more significant adverse reaction.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis following lisinopril rechallenge. 972 73


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