Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020437 (hypercalcemia)
 10,293 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

While pancreatitis may provide the clue to the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism preoperatively, the occurrence of pancreatitis following parathyroidectomy is not generally recognized. In this study preoperative and postoperative serum amylase estimations, together with a clinical assessment, were performed on 86 patients undergoing neck exploration for hyperparathyroidism. It was found that postoperative hyperamylasaemia occurred in 35% of the total group, while clinically significant pancreatitis was found in 9% of cases. Pancreatitis was significantly more common when thyroidectomy was performed at the time of parathyroidectomy, occurring in 23% of this group of patients, and may be due to the blunted C-cell response of calcitonin secretion to the induced hypercalcaemia associated with operative manipulation. Careful attention should be paid to postoperative abdominal symptoms, for they may indicate pancreatitis.
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PMID:Pancreatitis following parathyroid surgery. 617 21

Carcinoma of parathyroid accounts for one to two percent of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. A patient admitted to our medical center gave us the opportunity to follow the course of the clinical laboratory findings and the effect of treatment modalities on these laboratory measurements. The clinical course included hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, pancreatitis, consumptive coagulopathy, pancytopenia, and sepsis. As vitamin D3 plays and important role in calcium homeostasis, 1,25-(OH)2- vitamin D3 was measured at several points during the clinical course. These finding may serve to help understand some of the underlying control mechanisms involved in the hypercalcemic state.
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PMID:Case report: clinical pathological correlations in a case of primary parathyroid carcinoma. 623 88

Six patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) developed hypercalcemia and acute pancreatitis. Four were long-term home TPN patients, and two were short-term hospital TPN patients. Causes of pancreatitis other than hypercalcemia were not found. The etiology of the hypercalcemia remained unclear and in particular was not due to calcium infusion or hyperparathyroidism. In 4 patients in whom it was measured, the plasma parathyroid hormone was normal (in 2) or nondetectable (in 2). Hypercalcemia and pancreatitis subsided with discontinuation of TPN. Thus, some patients receiving TPN develop hypercalcemia, and in some of these pancreatitis ensues.
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PMID:Pancreatitis in association with hypercalcemia in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. 677 4

We critically reviewed the English language literature pertaining to drug-induced pancreatitis and attempted to determine whether the reported association between each drug and pancreatitis was valid. The following drugs seem to cause pancreatitis: azathioprine, thiazides, sulfonamides, furosemide, estrogens, and tetracycline. Less convincing, but suggestive evidence exists for: 1-asparaginase, iatrogenic hypercalcemia, chlorthalidine, corticosteroids, ethacrynic acid, phenformin, and procainamide. Evidence implicating other drugs is either inadequate or contradictory. Little is known about the pathogenesis of drug-induced pancreatitis. Ethanol was not considered in this review.
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PMID:Drug-induced pancreatitis: a critical review. 698 21

Although further work is needed for understanding the mechanism of the action of alcohol on the pancreas, it can be admitted that in man, the rat and the dog, chronic alcohol consumption leads to precipitation of proteins in the juice and the ducts. When these precipitates are observed, an alteration of the protein to bicarbonate ratio is always found, as a result of an increase in protein concentration or a decrease in bicarbonate concentration, or both, It is reasonable to assume that an increased cholinergic tone is responsible for the increased secretion of protein. The decrease in bicarbonate secretion is not explained. It is worthwhile mentioning that, in hypercalcaemic dogs, protein precipitates are found in the juice associated with an increased concentration of protein and a decreased concentration of bicarbonate. It is known that hypercalcaemia (hyperparathyroidism) is a cause of chronic calcifying pancreatitis (noel-Jorand et al, 1981b).
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PMID:Alcoholic pancreatitis. 701 50

Adamantinoma of the tibia is a rare bone lesion, in which it is impossible to predict the biological behaviour. A case of extremely late local recurrence and lung metastasis is presented. Additionally, the patient developed pneumothorax on the right side months before intrapulmonary metastasis could be detected by X ray. Finally 1 week before her death the young woman suffered from paraneoplastic severe hypercalcemia leading to hypercalcemic coma and pancreatitis.
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PMID:An unusual case of adamantinoma of long bones. 716 13

Of 1,153 patients with surgically confirmed primary hyperparathyroidism operated on at the Mayo Clinic between 1950 and 1975, only 17 (1.5%) had coexisting or prior pancreatitis. This frequency of association approximates the reported incidence of pancreatitis among general hospital patient populations. Other factors of possible etiologic significance in pancreatitis, such as gallstones or alcohol abuse, were present in 11 of the 17 patients. Cure of the hyperparathyroidism was usually not associated with amelioration of symptoms due to pancreatitis. A review of the available data, including experimental evidence, does not support a cause-and-effect relationship between primary hyperparathyroidism or hypercalcemia and pancreatitis.
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PMID:Hyperparathyroidism and pancreatitis. Chance or a causal association? 735 Mar 71

A 32-year-old man with insulin-dependent diabetes secondary to chronic calcifying pancreatitis of alcoholic origin in whom hypocalciuria (22 to 88 mg/24 hours) was discovered by chance, renal function being normal. Plasma phosphate levels were between 25 and 35 mg/l and the level of parathyroid hormone was at the upper limit of normal. Cervicotomy led to the discovery of three parathyroid glands which were removed. Their weight was increased and their histological appearance normal. The fourth parathyroid was not seen. Hypercalcaemia and hypocalciuria were found during the operation and persis 3 years after, with none of the usual causes being found. This patient has a certain number of characteristics reminiscent of familial hypercalcaemia-hypocalciuria syndrome: high plasma calcium levels associated with low calciuria despite normal renal function and a plasma parathyroid level normal in most cases. The physiopathology of this syndrome remains unknown. Its course is benign, without renal complications. Partial parathyroidectomy is ineffective.
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PMID:[An unrecognised cause of hypercalcaemia: hypercalcaemia-hyocalcluria syndrome]. 736 69

To investigate the relationship between the duodenal outputs of calcium and diseases of the pancreas, we measured calcium secretion into the duodenum (during saline perfusion and after stimulation with an intravenous infusion of cholecystokinin (CCK) or secretin) in healthy controls, patients with chronic alcoholic or idiopathic pancreatitis, and patients with pancreatic cancer. The effects of acute and chronic hypercalcaemia and previous cholecystectomy were also studied. Our results indicate a characteristic increase in duodenal calcium outputs in response to CCK in chronic pancreatitis which is unaffected by the level of serum calcium, aetiology of the pancreatitis, previous cholecystectomy, and the presence or absence of radiological pancreatic calcifications. Although unproven, indirect observations support a pancreatic source for the increased calcium secretion. As we measured the outputs of calcium into the duodenum, previously described increases in calcium concentration are not merely a reflection of reduced volume secretion in chronic pancreatitis. Duodenal calcium outputs were significantly reduced in patients with cancer of the pancreas.
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PMID:Duodenal calcium outputs in health and pancreatic disease. 742 25

Acute pancreatitis as a manifestation of hyperparathyroidism (HPT) has been reported in the literature but the concept of causal relationship has been disputed. We report a case of acute pancreatitis where the presence of hypercalcemia led to the diagnosis of primary HPT. No other current risk factors for pancreatitis were identified and no symptoms of HPT were present prior to this episode. We review the literature regarding the role of HPT in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis as the first manifestation of hyperparathyroidism in an otherwise asymptomatic patient. 749 84


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