Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020437 (hypercalcemia)
 10,293 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of squamous cell carcinoma arising in hydradenitis suppurativa of over 20 years duration is described. Only 6 other cases are reported in the literature. Multiple sites of origin of malignancy is suspected in this case. Wide-spread bone metastases resulted in severe hypercalcemia. Palliation was obtained for a short period following chemotherapy and Adriamycin and Bleomycin. Autopsy studies showed metastatic tumor in almost all the organs of the body.
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PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma in chronic hydradenitis suppurativa: a case report. 42 Nov 91

Not well-known and inadequately understood is the high incidence of conexistent parathyroid adenoma and nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma. In a series of 144 patients with parathyroid adenoma, 11 (8%) were found to have concurrent thyroid carcinoma. Although similar to other multiple endocrine tumor syndromes, these two tumors have no common embryologic cell origin. The most likely explanation for this apparent relationship is the specific oncogenic effect of hypercalcemia on the thyroid gland.
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PMID:The coexistence of parathyroid adenoma and thyroid carcinoma. 44 60

Long-term epidemiological and laboratory studies were carried out in a kindred with familial pheochromocytoma associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease. Thirteen members were affected by the syndrome and the trait appears to be transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion. Of 13 patients, 7 had pheochromocytoma alone. Of the remaining six patients, one had pheochromocytoma combined with von Hippel-Lindau disease, four had pheochromocytoma with retinal disease only, and a single patient had a retinal lesion without pheochromocytoma. In four patients, pheochromocytoma antedated the development of retinal lesions. Ten members also had mild hypercalcemia without accompanying elevations of PTH in the 4 patients in whom this was determined. In all, hypercalcemia was corrected with removal of tumors, and no patient had a return of hypercalcemia in the absence of recurrent increases in urinary catecholamines. The clinical presentations in 12 patients varied markedly, as did their urinary excretion rates of norepinephrine, epinephrine and their metabolites. However, an analysis of the data revealed significant correlations not previously described between the urinary excretion of free catecholamines (norepinephrine plus epinephrine), blood pressure, the free catecholamine content of the tumor and the age of the patient. Urinary excretion of free norepinephrine plus epinephrine appear to be decreased with advancing age (p less than 0.001). Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures and the age of the patient were inversely correlated (p less than 0.01). A significant inverse relationship between the tumor content of free catecholamines and the age of the patients was, although to a lesser degree, also present (p less than 0.05). As a whole, the size of the tumors and their norepinephrine content were not correlated. We present a concept that, in familial pheochromocytoma, the metabolism of catecholamines is altered by the process of aging, and that this change modifies the clinical presentations of the disease.
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PMID:Familial pheochromocytoma, hypercalcemia, and von Hippel-Lindau disease. A ten year study of a large family. 44 57

A 17-year-old woman manifested fever, abdominal pain, headache, and hypertension caused by a solitary, benign pheochromocytoma. She also had hypercalcemia and elevated plasma immunoreactive calcitonin levels. After removal of the pheochromocytoma, calcium and calcitonin levels returned to normal. Studies of peripheral and tumor venous blood showed no excess or ectopic parathyroid hormone secretion, but the tumor contained and secreted calcitonin. Sporadic pheochromocytoma may secrete calcitonin and cause hypercalcemia by non-parathyroid hormone-mediated mechanisms. The potential is clearly present for confusion with multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2 (medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and primary hyperparathyroidism).
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PMID:Pheochromocytoma associated with hypercalcemia and ectopic secretion of calcitonin. 46 64

A blind prospective study was undertaken to determine the use of calcitonin (CT) as a tumor marker. After final diagnosis, results revealed elevated plasma CT (greater than 150 pg/ml) in common cancers as follows: lung, 38%; colon, 24%; breast, 38%; pancreas, 42%; and gastric, 30%. Fifty-eight percent of oat cell carcinomas were associated with elevated plasma CT. CT immunoreactivity was detected in 14% of tumor extracts and was not detectable in normal tissue other than thyroid. Hypercalcemia was not the cause of hypercalcitonemia. Incubation studies of [125I]human CT in cancer plasma and tumor extracts demonstrated that measurements were not an artifact of label degradation. In a survey of control patients with nonneoplastic disease, elevated CT was noted in renal failure, acute gastrointestinal bleeding, and in some patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. In conclusion, plasma CT is elevated in a substantial proportion of common neoplasms and is useful as a tumor marker.
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PMID:Calcitonin in nonthyroidal cancer. 46 77

Two cases of paraneoplastic hypercalcemia secondary to ovarian tumors are presented. Both cases were secondary to ectopic parathormone (PTH) production. Other mediators postulated to cause this syndrome are prostaglandins, vitamin D-like sterols, non-vitamin D sterols, vitamin A, cortisol, and "osteoclast-activating factor.' The key treatment modalities for acute hypercalcemia are hydration and diuresis with furosemide; phosphates, steroids, antiprostaglandins, and hemodialysis may also be of value. Calcitonin is theoretically the most attractive treatment modality, but the rapid development of resistance limits its use to acute management. Mithramycin is most effective for long-term palliation of hypercalcemia if tumor-directed therapy is unsuccessful. Review of the literature confirms the previously made observation that mesonephromas are disproportionaately represented in association with this syndrome.
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PMID:Paraneoplastic hypercalcemia in ovarian tumors. 49 33

A case of renal carcinoma with hepatic dysfunction and hypercalcemia is described. The literature on Stauffer's syndrome has been reviewed and the pathogenesis of this syndrome discussed. It is stressed that the presence of hepatic dysfunction should not be considered a contraindication to surgery since its manifestations have been observed to regress in many cases following removal of the tumor.
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PMID:Hypernephroma with nonmetastatic liver dysfunction (Stauffer's syndrome) and hypercalcemia. Case report and review of the literature. 50 26

Amyloidosis primarily involving bone is described in a 59-year-old male pateint. Well circumscribed lytic lesions of the skeleton raised the possibility of myelomatosis. The prolonged insidious course of the disease was uncomplicated by hypercalcemia, pathological fracture, or hematologic abnormalities. The clinical course, together with histological findings and strongly positive bone scan, were the distinguishing features. The osseous manifestations without plasma cell tumor appears to be a rare occurrence in amyloidosis.
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PMID:Bone lesions in primary amyloidosis. 50 49

A patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is described in whom hypercalcemia occurred in association with elevation of the peripheral lymphocyte count and expansion of total tumor mass. Hypercalcemia was ameliorated with the institution of chemotherapy for the leukemic process and subsequent fall in WBC count and decrease in total tumor burden; hypercalcemia recurred with relapse of the leukemic process. The serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) concentration, when measured, was inappropriately elevated for the degree of hypercalcemia. The hypercalcemia would appear to be a direct consequence of the leukemia, and possibly involved secretion of a parathyroid hormone-like polypeptide by the CLL cells. Although a possible role for either an osteoclast-activating substance or prostaglandins was not excluded, they would not account for the elevated serum iPTH levels observed.
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PMID:Hypercalcemia associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 50 29

Polypoid lesions of the esophagus occur infrequently and may be benign or malignant. Polypoid pedunculated malignancy of the esophagus is still a rare lesion. We report three additional cases in this paper, two associated with tumor-related hypercalcemia, and review the recent literature on malignant polypoid lesions of the esophagus.
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PMID:Malignant polypoid lesions of the esophagus: review and case reports. 54 73


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