Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020437 (hypercalcemia)
 10,293 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We evaluated the hypothesis that thiazide-induced hypercalcemia reflects potentiation of the cAMP response to parathyroid hormone (PTH) consequent to inhibition of phosphodiesterase in bone and kidney. A panel of thiazide diuretics did inhibit low-Km phosphodiesterase activity from bone homogenates. However, furosemide, a nonthiazide diuretic that does not promote calcium retention, was more potent a phosphodiesterase inhibitor than either chloro- or hydrochlorothiazide (CTZ, HCTZ). Thiazides did not influence basal or PTH-stimulated cAMP levels in incubated calvaria or renal cortical slices. Administration of CTZ or HCTZ to rats for 4 days did not affect basal cAMP, nor did such treatment potentiate the cAMP response in Calvaria to infusion of parathyroid extract in vivo. CTZ, HCTZ, and furosemide increased basal adenylate cyclase from renal cortex but did not affect PTH-stimulated activity. Adenylate cyclase from bone was not affected by thiazides but was inhibited by furosemide. Thiazide treatment potentiated the calcemic response to parathyroid extract in vivo but did not affect the calcemic response to dibutyryl cAMP. We conclude that potentiation of the cAMP response to PTH does not underlie the unique effects of thiazides on calcium metabolism.
 ...
PMID:Thiazide diuretics do not potentiate cAMP response to parathyroid hormone. 20

The effects of vitamin D3 on rat kideney metabolism under conditions of experimental hypercalcemia. Acta Physiol. Pol., 1978, 29 (2) 153--159. The effect of vitamin D3 on renal gluconeogenesis processes was studied in the rat. The performed estimations of gluconeogenesis rate from malate and lactate demonstrated significant increases of glucose formation rate when kidney cortex slices of the vitamin D3 treated animals were analyzed. Further studies on the mechanism of the observed phenomenon were performed using kidney cell fractionation procedure and fluorometric estimation of the concentration of selected gluconeogenetic metabolites. Significant increases of phosphoenolpyruvate concentration in the cytosol fraction and citrate concentration in the mitochondrial fraction were observed. Comparison of the described action of vitamin D3 on gluconeogenesis and the effect of parathyriod hormone, as known from the literature suggests similar mechanism of both factor actions. A possibility of vitamin D3 action through the increase in intracellular calcium has been discussed.
 ...
PMID:The effects of vitamin D on the rat kidney metabolism under conditions of experimental hypercalcemia. 20 82

1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25(OH)2D3] was studied in a double-blind controlled fashion in patients on chronic dialysis. Serum calcium was unchanged in 16 patients on vitamin D3 (D3) (400 to 1200 IU/day). In 15 patients on 1,25(OH)2D3 (0.5 to 1.5 microgram/day), serum calcium increased from 9.05 +/- .15 to 10.25 +/- .20 mg/dl (p less than 0.001), returning to 9.37 +/- .16 mg/dl (p less than 0.001) in the post control period. Patients on D3 showed no reversible decrease in immunoreactive parathyroid hormone levels, but patients on 1,25(OH)2D3 did, from a control of 1077 +/- 258 to 595 +/- 213 microliter equivalents/ml (p less than 0.01), and returned to 1165 +/- 271 microliter equivalents/ml (p less than 0.005). Nine of 12 patients on D3 who underwent serial iliac-crest biopsies showed histologic deterioration, and six of seven who received 1,25(OH)2D3 were improved or unchanged (p less than 0.025). Bone mineral and calcium decreased in patients on D3 (p less than 0.05) but not in those on 1,25(OH)2D3. Hypercalcemia occurred in five of 15 patients. We conclude that 1,25(OH)2D3 has a calcemic effect in chronic dialysis patients, decreases levels of immunoreactive parathyroid hormone, and is associated with histologic improvement in bone disease. Thus, 1,25(OH)2D3 is a valuable adjunct to the management of renal osteodystrophy but requires monitoring of serum calcium to avoid hypercalcemia.
 ...
PMID:1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol effects in chronic dialysis. A double-blind controlled study. 20 39

Au autopsy case of cholangiocarcinoma which showed clinically hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia without bone metastases is presented in this report. Although parathyroid hormone (PTH)-like substance of 520 ng/g. dry weight was measured in neoplastic tissue by the radioimmunoassay, membrane-limited secretory granules as those of parathyroid gland were not found in the fine structure. The significance of an existence of secretory granules in ectopic PTH producing tumor is discussed.
 ...
PMID:An autopsy case of cholangiocarcinoma with hypercalcemia. 21 Jun 21

Two cases of unusual mucinous adenocarcinomas of the stomach with calcification are reported. One of the cases demonstrated hypercalcemia. Endoscopic verification of the calcifications was confirmed. This report represents the 49th and 50th reported cases in the world's literature.
 ...
PMID:Calcified mucinous adenocarcinoma of the stomach. 21 Jun 58

Hypercalcaemia always results in serious clinical sequalae and, if not treated, carries a most unfavourable prognosis. The clinician will gain major diagnostic help from an evaluation of the calcitonin and parathyroid hormone blood levels. With regard to parathyroid hormone we have developed, for the first time, a radioimmunoassay which is specific for the estimation of biologically active hormone in the circulation. We are dealing here with an unusual radioimmunological situation as the immunochemical sites are generally quite distinct from those associated with hormonal activity. We are presenting in this first paper the normal values and also the variations that occur in different types of hypercalcaemia. The comparison of these results with those obtained by the usual methods of estimation for parathyroid hormone assay lacking in biological activity shows the value of this new technique.
 ...
PMID:[Hypercalcemia and biologically active parathyroid hormone]. 21 91

Metastatic soft tissue calcification is known to occur in hypercalcemia and is usually present in the kidneys, stomach and lungs. 1--3 This case presents two unusual features: 1) ectopic parathormone production in association with poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma; and and 2) uptake of 99mTc-pyrophosphate in the liver in the absence of demonstrable abnormality at autopsy. The more usual sites of metastatic calcification also showed uptake of the radionuclide. We will discuss metastatic soft tissue calcification, ectopic parathyroid hormone production, hypercalcemia in malignancy and bone scan agent localization in soft tissues.
 ...
PMID:Poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma with ectopic parathormone production: visulization of metastatic calcification by bone scan. 21 69

The effect of the light-darkness cycle on the efficiency of the ultimobranchial and parathyroid glands in altering duodenal calcium transport and plasma and urinary concentrations of calcium was examined in the adult male frog (Rana pipiens). Frogs were unfed, but were allowed access to 0.05 M-CaCl2 in the surrounding medium after ultimobranchialectomy or parathyroidectomy. Calcium transport, as assayed by the everted gut-sac technique, was increased in ultimobranchialectomized frogs at sunrise, concomitant with acute hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria. An opposite but chronic response was observed in parathyroidectomized frogs with intact ultimobranchial glands. The maximum response observed at sunrise occurred when the concentration of calcium in the plasma of control frogs was decreasing; the minimum response, which occurred 6 h after sunrise, was coincident with a diurnal peak in the concentration of calcium. Vitamin D3 (500 microgram/frog) enhanced calcium transport in ultimobranchialectomized frogs, which resulted in chronic hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria. The results suggest that diurnal variations in the plasma concentration of calcium do not initiate ultimobranchial activity, but are a response to endocrine control synchronized with the transition from darkness to light.
 ...
PMID:Diurnal variations in the influence of the ultimobranchial glands on calcium homeostasis in the frog (Rana pipiens). 21 89

We have discussed in an earlier paper the value of estimating the circulating levels of biologically active parathyroid hormone. We consider here the importance of an evaluation of circulating calcitonin by showing the frequency of raised calcitonin secretion in hypercalcaemia of different origins. These results lead one to attribute to calcitonin a role which goes beyond the regulation of phospho-calcium metabolism and which in fact is that of a particularly sensitive indicator of tumours.
 ...
PMID:[Calcitonin and hypercalcaemia (author's transl)]. 21 80

Predominant symptoms of the Verner-Morrison syndrome are diarrhea and hypokalemia; further symptoms can be impaired carbohydrate tolerance, hypercalcemia distension of the intestine and skin alterations. Diagnosis can be confirmed by computer tomography, angiography and demonstration of increased plasma levels of VIP and GIP. This syndrome is due to islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas in about one third of all cases observed. Total duodeno-pancreatectomy has to be performed, if surgery is possible at all. Patients who cannot be operated upon may receive combined cytostatic therapy.
 ...
PMID:[Islet cell carcinoma causing Verner-Morrison syndrome (author's transl)]. 21 65


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10