Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020437 (hypercalcemia)
 10,293 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Paraproteinemias can be subdivided in 1. obligatory paraproteinemias (myeloma, macroglobulinemia, heavy chain diseases); 2. accompanying paraproteinemias (Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, myeloproliferative diseases, immune deficiency diseases, autoimmune diseases, transitory paraproteinemias after infection, paraproteinemias in association with nonlymphatic neoplasms); 3. benign paraproteinemias: a) with symptoms (primary amyloidosis, chronic cold agglutinin disease, paraproteinemias with further autoantibody function, monoclonal cryoglobulinemia); b) asymptomatic forms. Myeloma is the most common type of obligatory paraproteinemias. Characteristic findings are: Paraproteinemia and/or paraproteinuria in 98%, increase of plasma cells in the bone marrow in 84%, alterations in the roentgenograms of the skeleton in 79%. Clinical staging is of importance for the prognosis (amount of paraproteins, Hb level, renal disease, hypercalcemia, lytic lesions of bone). Neurologic complications, hemostasis dysfunction, cryopathies may be other symptoms. The terminal phase of the disease is determined by plasma cell proliferation, immune deficiency and renal disease or myelomonocytic leukemia. As to Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas the accompanying paraproteinemia is to be found in immunocytomas and in CLL. At last it has to be mentioned that B-cell disorders will influence the T-cell populations and vice versa.
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PMID:[Clinical aspects of monoclonal gammopathies in diseases of the lympho-plasmacytic cell system]. 681 57

A case of paraneoplastic hypercalcaemic syndrome is reported in a patient with Hodgkin's disease. This was detected eight months before widespread lymphadenopathy became apparent. Lymphocyte depleted Hodgkin's disease was diagnosed. PTH (parathyroid hormone) activity was suppressed and PTHRP (PTH related protein) was less than 5 pmol/l. 1,25(OH)2D3 was in the normal range. Plasma calcium values returned to normal after the administration of indomethacin. Thus the pathogenesis of the hypercalcaemia in this patient could be associated with the synthesis of prostaglandins.
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PMID:Hypercalcaemia in Hodgkin's disease related to prostaglandin synthesis. 806 47

High serum concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2D] can occur with hypercalcemia in malignant lymphoma. We have investigated the potential for abnormal vitamin D metabolism by giving a single oral dose of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) in 10 lymphoma patients (8 Hodgkin's and 2 T-cell) and 7 controls. Serum 25OHD increased similarly in both groups (peak concentrations, 114.1 +/- 9.5 vs. 123.9 +/- 9.6 nmol/L). In controls, serum calcium and PTH did not change after treatment [calcium, 2.31 +/- 0.02 and 2.33 +/- 0.02 mmol/L (mean +/- SEM); PTH, 21.6 +/- 4.0 and 25.4 +/- 4.3 ng/L] 1,25-(OH)2D increased within the normal range from [median (range)] 81 (48-125) to 117 (91-156) pmol/L. In lymphoma patients, serum calcium increased from 2.29 +/- 0.04 to 2.40 +/- 0.06 mmol/L (P = 0.03), PTH decreased from 12.9 +/- 2.6 to 8.0 +/- 1.9 ng/L (P = 0.06), and one patient became hypercalcemic (2.92 mmol/L). Serum 1,25-(OH)2D became supranormal in 6 lymphoma patients; the group median rose from 74.5 (46-180) to 151 (120-487) pmol/L; this peak response differed from that in the controls (P = 0.019). Lymph node and spleen cells from a patient with T-cell lymphoma synthesized [3H]1,25-(OH)2D3 from [3H] 25OHD3 in vitro. The data suggest that abnormal production of 1,25-(OH)2D in lymphoma may be more common than previously recognized given an adequate supply of precursor 25OHD and provide further evidence for the extrarenal synthesis of 1,25-(OH)2D in this condition.
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PMID:Abnormal synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in patients with malignant lymphoma. 817 79

An 84-year-old man with non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma presented with a pathological fracture of the femur and also an intra-atrial mass on echocardiography. The patient was given palliative low-dose chemotherapy, but died of tumor dissemination, hypercalcemia, and dehydration. Autopsy revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involving multiple bones and lymph nodes (the latter were not detected during staging), and a solitary mass on the posterior wall of the right atrium. This rare lesion appeared to be due to hematogenous spread, since the myocardium and pericardium were free of tumor infiltration. A literature review indicated that the frequency of cardiac involvement differed between contemporary and earlier reports, mainly due to the availability of increasingly sophisticated diagnostic methods and improvements in chemotherapy.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma of the bone with intracavitary cardiac involvement. 824 97

A patient is reported with B-cell lymphoma (centroblastic high grade non-Hodgkin's) with pancreatic involvement, who presented with jaundice and hypercalcaemia. Particularly unusual features include the presentation with a pancreatic mass and the association of hypercalcaemia with centroblastic lymphoma.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting with jaundice and hypercalcaemia. 848 61

Hypercalcemia in a 4-year-old boy with non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with pamidronate is presented. The child had relapsed disease with bone metastasis. Hypercalcemia is rare in children, and bisphosphonates are relatively new agents for the treatment of hypercalcemia. Information concerning their use in the treatment of hypercalcemia in childhood is limited. We found that pamidronate is effective and has no significant side effects in a child.
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PMID:Childhood cancer and hypercalcemia: report of a case treated with pamidronate. 970 34

We report a case of primary bilateral adrenal non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL), with hypercalcemia at the time of presentation. Medical literature review showed that this is an extremely rare site for lymphoma, but presents a distinct clinical entity with many features that differ from NHL overall, extranodal NHL, and NHL in other endocrine organs. The diagnosis is frequently not suspected antemortem, and long delays between the onset of symptoms and the diagnosis are frequent. Adrenal insufficiency is also common, and may be a lethal complication of these tumors. Response to therapy and survival are extremely poor.
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PMID:Primary bilateral adrenal lymphoma. 947 38

An 8-year-old castrated male Paint Horse was referred because of generalized pruritus, alopecia, and intermittent fever. Results of gross evaluation of the skin and microscopic evaluation of skin scrapings were inconclusive. Histologic examination of skin biopsy specimens revealed vasculitis. The horse had persistent hypercalcemia; therefore, lymphosarcoma was considered a possibility. Ultrasonography revealed hypoechoic nodules within the parenchyma of the spleen and liver. Results of microscopic evaluation of an aspirate from a splenic nodule were suggestive of lymphosarcoma. The condition of the horse deteriorated, and it was subsequently euthanatized. Postmortem examination revealed diffuse lymphoma. In human beings, generalized pruritus may be an indication of serious internal disease, including malignancy. Paraneoplastic pruritus is most common in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma but can also develop in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, leukemia, or a solid neoplasm. Lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnoses when examining horses with generalized pruritus for which another cause cannot be identified.
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PMID:Paraneoplastic pruritus and alopecia in a horse with diffuse lymphoma. 965 34

A patient with primary non-Hodgkin's (B-cell type) lymphoma of the kidney developed hypercalcemia at the terminal stage of the disease. Although the plasma parathyroid hormone level was low, urinary cyclic AMP excretion was elevated. Serum osteocalcin (BGP) was suppressed and the plasma level of 1,25(OH)2D was within the normal range. Serum concentrations of PTH-related protein (PTHrP)-like immunoreactivity (PRP-LI) were elevated, and the tissue concentration of PRP-LI in the postmortem lymph node showed high level along with elevated serum PRP-LI, furthermore the production of PTHrP by the tumor was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and Northern blotting analysis. These findings indicate that the hypercalcemia of the patient was caused by the PTHrP-producing B-cell lymphoma. Hypercalcemia was restored to normocalcemia by bisphosphonate treatment. Our case will add further information on humoral hypercalcemia in B-cell lymphoma, which rarely has been demonstrated to produce PTHrP.
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PMID:Hypercalcemia associated with parathyroid hormone-related protein produced by B-cell type primary malignant lymphoma of the kidney. 967 Nov 37

Hypercalcemia associated with haematological neoplasms account for 15 to 20% of hipercalcemia in malignancy, and occurs usually in patients with multiple myeloma. However, its incidence in patients with linfoma is low, and it is observed usually in T-cell linfomas. Bone affectation is also uncommon in patients with non-Hodgkin linfoma. It usually is seen as a late manifestation of the disease, and its occurrence as the form of presentation is exceptional. We hereby report a patient with a B-cell non-Hodgkin linfoma presenting with hypercalcemia and femoral osteolytic lesions.
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PMID:[Femoral osteolytic lesions with soft tissue tumors and hypercalcemia as presentation form of a B-cell lymphoma]. 1085 29


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