Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020437 (hypercalcemia)
 10,293 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the autumn of 1984 there was spontaneous correction of hypercalcaemia in a patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma. Hypercalcaemia recurred when ultraviolet radiation (UVR) was given and this abnormality was associated with high serum concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2D3) although concentrations of precursor 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were normal. Chemotherapy of Hodgkin's lymphoma corrected the hypercalcaemia and subsequent exposure to UVR did not produce either hypercalcaemia or a high serum 1,25(OH)2D3. Rigorous tests were applied to the putative 1,25(OH)2D3 produced during hypercalcaemia and it was not possible to separate this metabolite from 1,25(OH)2D3 itself. It is concluded that the hypercalcaemia was caused by abnormal vitamin D metabolism which was a result of the Hodgkin's lymphoma. Hodgkin's tissue may have been the site of excessive synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D3.
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PMID:Abnormal vitamin D metabolism in Hodgkin's lymphoma. 286 Mar 88

Of 95 patients consecutively diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 52 (55%) had antibodies to human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus, type I. Antibody positivity was strongly associated with skin involvement, leukemia, and hypercalcemia (p less than 0.02). Two patients had systemic opportunistic infections. Neither meningeal nor lung infiltration was detected, and lymph node infiltration was diffuse in all patients. Of 36 patients who received immunophenotypic classifications, 30 had diseases that affected the T-cell system, and the cells of all tested patients with these diseases showed the helper/inducer (T4) phenotype. Twenty-seven of these thirty-six patients were found to have adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma, and of the 27, 24 had antibodies to HTLV-I. The median duration of survival in patients with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma was 17 weeks, but a subgroup of 9 patients had indolent courses and a median survival of 81 weeks, which suggests that the disease has differing expression with courses that range from smoldering and indolent to acute and rapidly fatal. Hypercalcemia was the most important prognostic determinant of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Jamaica and its relation to adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. 288 May 36

Fifteen patients with lymphoma and hypercalcemia (greater than or equal to 11.0 mg/dL) were identified by screening the serum chemistry profile obtained from patients upon admission to the Los Angeles County/USC Medical Center. Seven of the 15 (47%) possessed a frankly elevated serum concentration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2-D]. An additional patient with severe hypercalcemia (16.2 mg/dL) had a serum 1,25-(OH)2-D concentration in the midnormal range, not a suppressed value. To examine the potential existence of hypercalciuria in absence of overt hypercalcemia, prospective screening of 23 normocalcemic patients with lymphoma was undertaken. Four of the 23 patients (17%) had increased fractional urinary calcium excretion rates (0.35 +/- 0.3 mg calcium/100 mL glomerular filtrate [GF], mean +/- SE; normal, less than 0.16 mg/100 mL GF); two of the hypercalciuric patients had a frankly elevated serum 1,25-(OH)2-D concentration. Of the 19 hypercalcemic/hypercalciuric lymphoma patients identified, none had an elevated serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone concentration. Fourteen of the 19 hypercalcemic/hypercalciuric patients (74%) suffered from B-cell neoplasms, three had Hodgkin's lymphoma, and two had adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. All hypercalcemic/hypercalciuric patients had widespread disease (stage III or IV). Six patients, four with hypercalcemia and two with hypercalciuria, had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). These data suggest that the deregulated synthesis of a 1,25-(OH)2-D-like metabolite is a common cause of hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria in patients with lymphoma including patients with AIDS-associated tumors.
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PMID:Vitamin D metabolite-mediated hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria patients with AIDS- and non-AIDS-associated lymphoma. 291 Mar 61

This syndrome should be suspected in patients with clinical features of lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, hypercalcemia, bone lesions and circulating lymphocytes with pleomorphic nuclei. Most biopsy material has morphologic characteristics of intermediate or high-grade non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Antibody titers to human T-lymphotropic virus type I confirm the diagnosis. Treatment with combination chemotherapy results in remission for most patients, but duration of response is usually short.
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PMID:Human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma syndrome. 299 Jan 86

Human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus I can transform mature T-lymphocytes in vitro and is associated with the human T-cell cancer, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma is a distinct clinicopathological entity associated with leukemia, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, skin lesions, hypercalcemia, and lytic bone lesions. Although morphologically diverse it pursues an aggressive clinical course. Human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus III is associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, which in its early stages shows follicular lymphoid hyperplasia; however, lymphoid atrophy is progressive and ultimately results in virtually total lymphoid depletion of lymph nodes. Patients with human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus III infections appear to have an increased risk of high-grade B-cell lymphomas and perhaps Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:Lymph node pathology of HTLV and HTLV-associated neoplasms. 299 Jul 5

A 53-yr-old man with hypercalcemia was referred after an unsuccessful operative attempt to find a parathyroid adenoma. Metabolic evaluation showed relatively suppressed levels of parathyroid hormone with an elevation of serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Thallium-technetium dual isotope imaging revealed localized mediastinal thallium uptake. A vascular mediastinal lesion was then demonstrated by arteriography, with subsequent surgical removal of a mass that proved to be lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease. This case is noteworthy for the finding of isolated lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease in the chest, the association of elevated serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D with hypercalcemia that resolved postoperatively, and the uptake of thallium by the tumor.
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PMID:Hodgkin's disease with hypercalcemia detected by thallium-201 scintigraphy. 302 84

A 53-year-old male with Bence Jones lambda myeloma developed hypercalcemia and acute renal failure (calcium 14.4 mg/dl, BUN 40 mg/dl, creatinine 3.0 mg/dl) after initial response to chemotherapy. A 99mTc-MDP bone scan revealed unusual isotope accumulation in the left hypochondrium. Extensive calcium deposition was confirmed in the gastric mucosa in the postmortem examination. Detection of gastric calcification by a bone scan is very rare. Only two cases of gastric calcification visualized on bone scans can be found in the literature, one with multiple myeloma) and one in Hodgkin's disease).
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PMID:Metastatic calcification in the stomach demonstrated by a bone scan in Bence Jones lambda myeloma. 310 83

Hypercalcemia has been infrequently associated with Hodgkin's disease. When seen, most cases have been attributable to skeletal invasion by disease. Herein is described a 40-year-old man with a 15-year history of Hodgkin's disease. Each of four disease recurrences was heralded by hypercalcemia occurring in the absence of bone disease or elevation of parathyroid hormone levels. Marked elevations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels were observed that paralleled his disease course and response to therapy. The repetitive association of hypercalcemia with an elevation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in this case provides further evidence of lymphoma-associated production of this vitamin.
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PMID:Recurrent hypercalcemia and elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels in Hodgkin's disease. 333 20

Morphologic and clinical features of 30 patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) were studied with particular attention to bone marrow and blood manifestations. Twenty-four (80%) patients had marrow involvement with lymphoma in trephine biopsies at initial diagnosis; two other patients subsequently developed marrow involvement. The bone marrow lesions were diffuse in 58% of the cases and focal, nonparatrabecular in 42%. A morphologic spectrum of lymphoma cells was seen with cases classified into small cell, mixed cell, and large cell/immunoblastic lymphoma. The bone marrow lesions were characterized by a heteromorphous population of lymphocytes, prominent vascularity with endothelial cell proliferation, reticulin fibrosis, and a polycellular infiltrate composed of plasma cells, eosinophils, and histiocytes. The histopathologic features in bone marrow biopsies were not pathognomonic for PTCL; the differential diagnosis may include non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of B-cell type, polymorphous reactive lymphoid lesions, including those from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy, Hodgkin's disease, and systemic mastocytosis. The patients ranged in age from 13 to 81 years (median, 61 years) and generally presented with constitutional symptoms, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. Abnormalities in one or more hematologic parameters were common and, in general, related to the degree of bone marrow involvement. Hypocalcemia was found in 40% of the patients studied and hypercalcemia in 4%. The median survival for PTCL patients was 11 months. Patients with small cell lymphoma, large cell/immunoblastic lymphoma, and marked eosinophilia had the shortest median survivals.
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PMID:Bone marrow manifestations of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. A study of 30 cases. 349 Jan 73

A 35-year-old white male with rheumatoid arthritis who had developed hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and nephrolithiasis was found to be abnormally sensitive to vitamin D as a result of lack of regulation of circulating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-(OH)2D). An increase in daily intake of vitamin D from 10 micrograms (400 units) per day to 50 micrograms (2000 units) per day produced an abnormal elevation in serum 1,25-(OH)2D, hypercalcemia, and hypercalciuria which were corrected by prednisone. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D initially was abnormally low, and increased with vitamin D to values which were in the low normal range. There were significant positive correlations between serum 1,25-(OH)2D (p less than .05) and serum calcium and between serum 1,25-(OH)2D and urinary calcium (p less than .05). Serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone, initially in the lower range of normal, decreased further during hypercalcemia. A radiograph of the chest, gallium scan, and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity were normal. No granulomas or evidence of lymphoma were found in biopsies of the liver and of several lymph nodes. It is concluded that the abnormal calcium metabolism in this patient resulted from increased circulating 1,25-(OH)2D and that the defect in vitamin D metabolism was not related to sarcoidosis, other granulomatous disease, Hodgkin's disease, or lymphoma. The relationship, if any, of the abnormal metabolism of vitamin D and calcium to rheumatoid arthritis remains to be established.
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PMID:Abnormal calcium metabolism caused by increased circulating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. 350 40


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