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Query: UMLS:C0020437 (hypercalcemia)
 10,293 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-nine patients with acute hypercalcemia secondary to carcinoma, myeloma and parathyroid adenoma have been treated with large doses of furosemide, mithramycin, or salmon calcitonin perfusion. With furosemide administration the treatment was successful in 6 of 10 patients. Furosemide was injected intravenously at the rate of 125 mg every 3 hours. With mithramycin perfusion only 2 of 8 patients have a return of the serum calcium levels to normal. With salmon thyrocalcitonin 3 of 10 patients obtained a good result. It can be interesting to suggest the association of furosemide and salmon calcitonin infusion to treat hypercalcemia of myeloma.
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PMID:Furosemide, mithramycin, and salmon calcitonin in hypercalcemia. 13 Feb 39

In 36 patients with neoplastic diseases 72 episodes of hypercalcaemia with serum-calcium levels greater than or equal to 2.75 mmol/l were treated (19 breast carcinoma; 9 bronchial or lung carcinoma; 5 multiple myeloma; 1 each jejunal carcinoid, malignant lymphoma, phaeochromocytoma). Cardinal symptoms were mental, neuromuscular and renal during the hypercalcaemic episodes. Mithramycin is preferred to other methods (infusion of sodium chloride and frusemide, prednisone, sodium-potassium-phosphate infusion) of treating acute or subacute hypercalcaemia. Mithramycin in a single injection of 20-25 microgram/kg body-weight intravenously is usually sufficient to counteract a hypercalcaemic phase for at least 7-10 days, often much longer. There was a highly significant fall in serum-calcium levels from two days onwards after mithramycin injection. Toxic side-effects were minimal and restricted to transitory increase in transaminase levels, initially 5-6 times normal with a maximum on the third day and normalisation on the fifth day after mithramycin administration.
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PMID:[Treatment of hypercalcaemic syndrome in tumour patients, especially with mithramycin]. 14 99

Urinary adenosine -3' ,5' - cyclic monophosphate was measured in 14 patients with hypercalcaemia not caused by primary hyperparathyroidism. Increased levels were found in patients with malignant disease without bone metastases and believed to be examples of paraendocrine syndrome. Decreased levels were found in patients with metastatic carcinoma involving bone, and in patients with multiple myeloma, lymphoma and immobilisation after fracture. Results obtained during treatment for hypercalaemia are described in three patients. In two hypercalcaemic patients (one with hyperthyroidism and one with breast cancer with bone metastases) normal levels were found. This measurement is a useful substitute for assay of serum parathyroid hormone and is of value in the diagnosis of hypercalcaemia, in monitoring effects of treatment and in revealing underlying mechanisms.
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PMID:Urinary cyclic AMP in diagnosis and management of hypercalcaemia: studies of patients without primary hyperparathyroidism. 16 77

Hypercalcemia is very uncommon in small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the lung. Two cases of this neoplasm associated with symptomatic hypercalcemia are described. Despite normal skeletal roentgenograms, metastatic bone disease was demonstrated by abnormal bone scans and bone biopsies in both patients. The combination of conventional antihypercalcemia therapy, cytotoxic cancer chemotherapy, and synthetic salmon calcitonin corrected the hypercalcemia despite progression of the small cell carcinoma. One patient with elevated serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (PTH) had a parathyroid adenoma at autopsy. This association emphasizes that in cases of bronchogenic small cell carcinoma with hypercalcemia, conincidental primary hyperparathyroidism should be considered.
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PMID:Hypercalcemia in small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the lung. Coincident parathyroid adenoma in one case. 17 Oct 50

In a patient with hypercalcaemia secondary to a renal-cell carcinoma, a concentration gradient of bioactivity was detected between the tumour effluent vein and the peripheral venous blood that was capable of stimulating adenylate cyclase in bone cells. Immuno-reactive PTH was undetectable in the tumour effluent and in the peripheral blood. It is concluded that a non-parathyroid humoral factor whose action involved cyclic AMP stimulation was responsible for the hypercalcaemia.
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PMID:Humoral hypercalcaemia in a patient with renal-cell carcinoma. 21 93

Prostaglandin E concentrations were measured in a patiet with breast carcinoma, hypercalcemia, undetectable parathyroid hormone (PTH) and no evidence of bone metastases. Catheterization of the drainage bed of her tumor documented production of E series prostaglandins. Treatment with the largest recommended doses of indomethacin for 10 days failed to lower her plasma prostaglandin E (PGE) concentrations or to correct the hypercalcemia, but it normalized urinary excretion of PGE. Subsequent chemotherapy reduced prostaglandin concentrations toward normal values concomitant with a reduction of clinically estimated tumor burden. During this period of time, serum calcium concentrations had no consistent relationship to the plasma PGE levels. We suggest that PGE merely reflected the tumor burden of this patient and did not directly contribute to the genesis of her hypercalcemia. The pertinent literature relating PGE and hypercalcemia is reviewed.
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PMID:Prostaglandin E and hypercalcemia in breast carcinoma: only a tumor marker? A need for perspective. 21 52

One hundred fifty-one patients with a history of childhood irradiation to the head, neck, and thorax had neck explorations (142 for "cold" thyroid nodules and 9 for hypercalcemia). Fifty-nine of the patients had thyroid carcinoma, and associated glandular tumors were found in 20 others. In addition, 6 female patients developed breast carcinoma; 4 of these women also had thyroid carcinoma. In this series, 48.6% of the patients irradiated for acne and 36.4% with tonsil and adenoid irradiation developed thyroid carcinoma, but only 10.5% with thymic irradiation did so. It is suggested that the workup on these patients include not only complete thyroid and parathyroid testing, but also a careful examination of all salivary glands, both major and minor. Women should have thorough breast examinations and should perhaps be followed as if they were in the potentially high-risk breast group. When thyroid surgery is performed, a total thyroidectomy is recommended.
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PMID:Thyroid and associated polyglandular neoplasms in patients who received head and neck irradiation during childhood. 26 13

The EEG of 20 patients with hypercalcemia of different aetiology were investigated. (Hyperparthyreodism n = 14; Carcinomas with metastases n = 5; plasmocytom n = 1). General abnormalities were observed in most cases in different severity with a decrease of frequencies (n = 13) and an abnormal periodicity (n = 9). Beside one case there was a positive correlation between serum-calcium-level and EEG-abnormalities. Abnormal EEG-findings were observed mostly above serum calcium levels of 6,5 mval/1 = 13 mg%. There was a marked normalisation of EEG with decreasing serum-cacium-level. Different factors dealing with these abnormal EEG findings in hypercalcaemia were discussed.
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PMID:[The EEG in hypercalcemia (author's transl)]. 40 22

Two families with hereditary hyperparathyroidism are described. One member of each family developed a parathyroid carcinoma. In one case this recurred locally and metastasised. This patient showed hyperplasia of one of the three other parathyroid glands. It is possible that the different parathyroid lesions found in familial hyperparathyroidism may be the result of a progression from hyperplasia to formation of benign or malignant tumours. The remainiing hyperplastic glands may be suppressed by hypercalcaemia. There was no evidence of multiple endocrine neoplasia in either family. Three members of a first family had ichthyosis and both affected members of the second had tumours of the jaw, one of which was an ossifying fibroma, suggesting a possible association of these conditions with familial hyperparathyroidism.
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PMID:Parathyroid carcinoma in familial hyperparathyroidism. 41 76

Not well-known and inadequately understood is the high incidence of conexistent parathyroid adenoma and nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma. In a series of 144 patients with parathyroid adenoma, 11 (8%) were found to have concurrent thyroid carcinoma. Although similar to other multiple endocrine tumor syndromes, these two tumors have no common embryologic cell origin. The most likely explanation for this apparent relationship is the specific oncogenic effect of hypercalcemia on the thyroid gland.
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PMID:The coexistence of parathyroid adenoma and thyroid carcinoma. 44 60


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