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Query: UMLS:C0020437 (hypercalcemia)
 10,293 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Osteosarcomas were induced in approximately 80% of young New Zealand Black rats by the intratibial inoculation of Moloney murine sarcoma virus from day 1 to day 5 after birth. The neoplasms were composed of a spectrum of well-differentiated to poorly differentiated osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. Budding of C-type viral particles was associated with tumor induction. Compared to rats inoculated on day 1 after birth, rats inoculated at 4 days of age developed consistently more osteoproliferative bone tumors that often were associated with hypercalcemia, increased serum alkaline phosphatase, and elevated urinary hydroxyproline.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1977 Feb
PMID:Intratibial Moloney sarcoma virus-induced osteosarcoma in the rat: tumor incidence and pathologic evaluation. 26 94

Two cases of childhood leukemia with hypercalcemia are reported. In the first case who died by acute granulocytic leukemia, autopsy showed a generalized calcinosis. The other case was an acute lymphocitic leukemia with hypercalcemia and destructive lessions of bones with pathologic fractures. Response to chemotherapy was good. Literature about mechanismes which can induce hypercalcemia in malignancy is reviewed.
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PMID:[Leukemia and hypercalcemia (author's transl)]. 29 Feb 88

Malignant neoplasms may cause life-threatening complications requiring prompt diagnosis and emergency therapy. Whether or not the underlying neoplasm is potentially curable, the physician can often provide worthwhile prolongation of life and dramatic symptomatic relief. Among the serious complications of neoplasia are superior vena cava obstruction, airway obstruction, pericardial tamponade, spinal cord compression, brain metastasis, meningeal involvement by cancer, hyperuricemia, hypercalcemia and hyperkalemia.
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PMID:Emergencies in oncology. Current management. 36 Jun 21

Although hypercalcemia is a frequent event during the course of many malignancies it has only rarely been described with patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Review of the literature revealed only eleven such case reports. The mechanism of the hypercalcemia in these patients was generally unclear although one patient was found to have a parathyroid adenoma and in another patient tested the level of osteoclast activating factor was high. Two additional chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients with hypercalcemia are described in this report and in each a parathyroid adenoma was found. The patient in whom the diagnosis was made ante mortem had an excellent response to parathyroidectomy. Osteoclast activating factor level was measured in one patient and found to be within normal limits. Since three of the thirteen reported cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with hypercalcemia have demonstrated parathyroid adenomas, it is suggested that consideration be given to that possibility in such patients so that appropriate surgery may be done.
Cancer 1978 Oct
PMID:Primary hyperparathyroidism and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 36 Dec 17

Hypercalcemia is a not infrequent complication of cancer that every physician should be aware of. It is a significant factor in the morbidity and mortality of cancer patients. Almost invariably hypercalcemia is associated with accelerated resorption of bone, which is thought to be mediated by humoral or metabolic factors. Three such factors, parathyroid hormone, E2 prostaglandins and osteoclast activating factor, have been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of hypercalcemia in cancer patients. Other mechanisms for the hypercalcemia may exist. Accurate diagnosis of the disorder is important in therapy, and current research into the various mechanisms for hypercalcemia in cancer patients may well lead to new modes of therapy that are more specific and perhaps less toxic.
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PMID:Hypercalcemia and cancer: an update. 36 55

A group of seven children with different malignant processes presenting with hypercalcemia was studied. Bone destruction, diffuse metabolic abnormalities, abnormal acid-base homeostasis and recurrent hypercalcemia characterized these patients. A different mechanism leading to the production of hypercalcemia and/or bone destruction by cancer cells is considered. The results of this report suggest that parathyroid hormone production (P.T.H.) by the parathyroid glands is normal and that ectopic secretion of PTH or PTH-like material is negligible in these cases.
Cancer 1979 Dec
PMID:Hypercalcemia complicating childhood malignancies: a report of seven cases with some pathophysiological considerations. 38 12

A case of squamous cell carcinoma arising in hydradenitis suppurativa of over 20 years duration is described. Only 6 other cases are reported in the literature. Multiple sites of origin of malignancy is suspected in this case. Wide-spread bone metastases resulted in severe hypercalcemia. Palliation was obtained for a short period following chemotherapy and Adriamycin and Bleomycin. Autopsy studies showed metastatic tumor in almost all the organs of the body.
Cancer 1979 Feb
PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma in chronic hydradenitis suppurativa: a case report. 42 Nov 91

An assessment of free and total calcium measurements was made in 691 patients with suspected hypercalcemia or disorders often associated with hypercalcemia. In 18.9% of the 1049 specimens analyzed from nine different patient groups, a different impression of hypercalcemia was obtained depending on whether the free or total calcium was considered. Analysis of the ratio of free to total calcium indicated that there are two main factors which influence the distribution of calcium in the serum of hypercalcemic patients: the concentrations of albumin and parathyroid hormone. A lowered albumin concentration accounted for the altered distribution of calcium in patients with malignancies and partially accounted for the altered distribution in patients postrenal transplantation. In patients with confirmed primary hyperparathyroidism a higher ratio of free to total calcium was found, which could not be explained by alterations in protein, albumin, pH, or CO2 content but was related to parathyroid hormone concentration. Free calcium appears to be a slightly better indicator of elevated calcium states than total calcium. Measurements of free calcium should be particularly useful in patients with altered albumin concentration, with multiple myeloma in whom a calcium-binding protein could be present, after renal transplantation, and with suspected hyperparathyroidism and normal or slightly elevated total calcium values.
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PMID:Relationship of free and total calcium in hypercalcemic conditions. 42 92

An unusual case of a benign adrenal cyst and a parathyroid adenoma occurring in a 59-year-old man with hypercalcemia is reported. Excretory urography, ultrasound, renal aortography, computerized axial tomography and selective thyroid venous sampling were used to establish a diagnosis. Left adrenalectomy was done because of a suspicion of malignancy, which was followed by excision of a retrolaryngeal parathyroid adenoma.
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PMID:Benign giant adrenal cyst and parathyroid adenoma: a case report. 43 27

A blind prospective study was undertaken to determine the use of calcitonin (CT) as a tumor marker. After final diagnosis, results revealed elevated plasma CT (greater than 150 pg/ml) in common cancers as follows: lung, 38%; colon, 24%; breast, 38%; pancreas, 42%; and gastric, 30%. Fifty-eight percent of oat cell carcinomas were associated with elevated plasma CT. CT immunoreactivity was detected in 14% of tumor extracts and was not detectable in normal tissue other than thyroid. Hypercalcemia was not the cause of hypercalcitonemia. Incubation studies of [125I]human CT in cancer plasma and tumor extracts demonstrated that measurements were not an artifact of label degradation. In a survey of control patients with nonneoplastic disease, elevated CT was noted in renal failure, acute gastrointestinal bleeding, and in some patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. In conclusion, plasma CT is elevated in a substantial proportion of common neoplasms and is useful as a tumor marker.
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PMID:Calcitonin in nonthyroidal cancer. 46 77


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