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Query: UMLS:C0020175 (hunger)
 5,670 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 72-year-old man with recurrent hypoglycaemia was suspected of having an insulinoma. But several diagnostic methods (computed tomography; mesenteric and coeliac angiography; sella imaging) did not reveal any tumour. 72-hour hunger test did not precipitate any spontaneous hypoglycaemia. A falling insulin-glucose ratio spoke against an insulin-producing tumour. Reactive symptomatic hypoglycaemia occurred 4.5 hours after an oral glucose test. Measurement of insulin concentration demonstrated a slow but pronounced increase (3500 microU) over an already raised initial value (816 microU/ml), typical of prediabetic metabolic regulation. Demonstration of insulin autoantibodies confirmed the diagnosis of an insulin autoimmune syndrome, which has a good prognosis. The patient became free of symptoms on a regimen of frequent small, carbohydrate-poor but fat and bulk-rich meals. Hypoglycaemia recurred when the diet was not observed.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1990 Dec 21
PMID:[Recurrent hypoglycemia in the insulin autoimmune syndrome]. 226 60

To elucidate the roles of glucose-sensitive (GS) and glucose-insensitive (GIS) cells of the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), single neuron activity was recorded during 1) microelectrophoretic administration of chemicals, 2) a conditioned bar press feeding task, 3) gustatory, 4) olfactory, and 5) electrical brain stimulation. GS and GIS neurons showed different firing rate changes during phases of the task, and the responses were highly influenced by the palatability of the food and the motivational (hunger or satiety) state of the animal. The two groups of cells also differed in their responsiveness to gustatory and olfactory stimuli: GS neurons were more likely to respond to tastes and odors than GIS cells. Taste- and odor-responsive GS neurons were primarily suppressed by electrophoretically applied noradrenaline and were localized ventromedially within the LHA. The chemosensitive GIS cells, being organized along a dorsolateral axis, were especially excited by dopamine. The two sets of neurons had distinct connections with associative (orbitofrontal, prefrontal) cortical areas. GS and GIS cells, thus, appear to have differential and complex attributes in the control of feeding.
Brain Res Bull 1990 Dec
PMID:Complex attributes of lateral hypothalamic neurons in the regulation of feeding of alert rhesus monkeys. 228 75

A case of an AFP-producing gastric cancer accompanied with non-epithelial tumor is reported. A 63-year-old man, complaining of an epigastric hunger pain, was admitted to our hospital. Testing revealed that he had an extremely high level serum AFP (12,400 ng/ml) with no abnormality of liver function. A barium ingestion and a subsequent endoscopic examination determined the existence of a Borrmann III type advanced gastric cancer on the lesser curvature, extending from middle corpus to the antrum. Diagnostic imaging did not reveal any metastatic lesion in liver. After a total gastrectomy, the patient's serum AFP level rapidly decreased, followed by a recurrence he developed of a carcinomatous pleuritis and death. On autopsy, an enlargement of the right testis was noticed for the first time. Histologically, it was found to be a malignant, non-epithelial tumor, which proved negative for anti-AFP staining by the ABC method and positive for anti *L-26. On the other hand, the gastric cancer was a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with a hepatoid differentiation which was positive for anti-AFP staining and negative for anti-L-26 so it thus was diagnosed as an AFP-producing gastric cancer.
Gan No Rinsho 1988 Dec
PMID:[A case of AFP-producing gastric cancer accompanied with testicular tumor]. 246 35

A human case infected with Stellantchasmus falcatus(Heterophyidae) is reported based on the adult worms collected after praziquantel treatment. The patient is a 33-year old male residing in Seoul. For several months he experienced vague abdominal discomfort and hunger pain. Praziquantel at a single dose of 600 mg was given followed by purgation with magnesium salt, and 17 adult S. falcatus specimens were collected from the diarrheal stools. He recalled he had eaten raw flesh of several kinds of brackish water fishes. This is the 4th human case of S. falcatus infection in Korea.
Kisaengchunghak Chapchi 1989 Dec
PMID:A human case of Stellantchasmus falcatus infection. 248 40

A study of the trends and distributions of mortality in parish records of Armenian churches from 11 countries spanning over 242 years is the basis of this report. In all parishes, the relative proportion of deaths in the older age groups gradually increased over the study period. Following a review of the most important causes of death, an effort was made to identify clusters and outbreaks of specific causes of death. Thus, in the 19th century, five epidemics of cholera were identified in one parish in Kutahya, Turkey (1831, 1848, 1865, 1871, and 1893). A review of the deaths due to the 1918 influenza pandemic revealed a major peak in October-December 1918 in Cairo, and deaths due to the same cause recorded in November-December 1918 in Rangoon, Dacca, and Calcutta. As observed elsewhere in the classic pattern of this pandemic, the largest number of these deaths were in persons who were in their twenties. In September-December 1942, in Thessaloniki, Greece, 31 deaths of all age groups were ascribed to a fever that was described as "toxic." The nature of this epidemic could not be explained. The observation that large numbers of recorded deaths occurred through violence and hunger during the First and Second World Wars as a result of the atrocities to which these communities were exposed sheds further light on historical events in those years.
Am J Epidemiol 1989 Dec
PMID:Patterns of mortality in Armenian parish records from eleven countries. 253 44

We evaluated the effect of high-fiber cereals on short-term food intake. At 0730, 14 subjects ingested one of five cereals, plus milk and orange juice. At 1100 they were presented with a buffet lunch. There was a significant inverse correlation between fiber content of the cereals and energy intake at lunch. In a second study subjects ingested a very-high-fiber (VHF) cereal or a very-low-fiber (VLF) cereal. Fewer kcalories were ingested at lunch after ingestion of the VHF cereal than after ingestion of the VLF cereal. The degree of colonic microbial fermentation of the various cereals was evaluated by breath-hydrogen analysis. The higher-fiber cereals resulted in greater hydrogen production; however, this may not influence energy intake. The results of questionnaires that asked about hunger indicated that food intake can be reduced without the perception of feeling less hungry. Thus, we found that cereals containing relatively large quantities of dietary fiber may decrease short-term food intake.
Am J Clin Nutr 1989 Dec
PMID:Effect of breakfast cereals on short-term food intake. 255 10

Experiments were carried out on ten healthy male volunteers to investigate the relationship between the return of hunger after a meal and gastric emptying, blood glucose levels and small intestinal motor patterns. There was a significant correlation between the postprandial increase in hunger ratings and the time for 90% of the meal to empty (r = 0.75, p less than 0.02): hunger ratings started to increase in three subjects when over 40% of the food still remained in the stomach, and they continued to increase in all subjects even when the meal had ceased to empty from the stomach. These results suggest the reduction of gastric distension may have a permissive role in the development of hunger after a meal. The increase in hunger was not related to any consistent change in plasma glucose concentration. Finally, the postprandial onset of a fasting motor pattern (phase-III-like activity) always occurred when the stomach had emptied more than 80% of its contents and after hunger had increased. Our data are compatible with the hypothesis that the return of hunger is directly related to a decline in the exposure of the upper small intestine to nutrient stimuli, but could be modulated by gastric distension.
Appetite 1989 Dec
PMID:Gastrointestinal correlates of the development of hunger in man. 259 41

Four cross-bred ewes were kept in individual pens from the last month of pregnancy until the third week of weaning after a 5-week lactation; lambing occurred in late March. The ewes were offered a complete pelleted feed ad libitum, and every few days the feeding behaviour of each was monitored by continuous recording of the weight of the feed container. The weight and timing of each meal was used to calculate mean meal size and length, intermeal interval, hunger and satiety ratios. The increase in daily intake which occurred after parturition was due to increases in meal size, rate of eating and meal frequency. Intake was lower in the period of the day from 0400 hrs to 0800 hrs than during any of the 4-h periods between 0800 hrs and 2400 hrs, with intermediate values at 2400-0400 hrs. The time of day had no effect on meal size or rate of eating. These results are compared with the predictions of a model designed to predict meal occurrences in sheep and the differences used to suggest improvements to the model.
Appetite 1989 Dec
PMID:Feed intakes and meal patterns of sheep during pregnancy and lactation, and after weaning. 259 43

Health workers are urged to help end the arms race and advocate that nations transfer funds from nuclear weapons to human services. Statistics on morbidity and mortality in developing countries, hunger and the lack of medical care and resources, and the need for preventive medicine rather than military buildups are discussed. It is contended that even small conversions of funds spent on arms to spending on health could produce enormous benefits, reducing the numbers of children who die daily from preventable illnesses.
Lancet 1985 Dec 07
PMID:Destruction before detonation: the impact of the arms race on health and health care. 286 46

Increased opiate peptide concentrations in brain and plasma have been associated with increased feeding. The role of beta-endorphin in the control of food intake and obesity was examined by measuring concentrations in hypothalamus, pituitary and plasma of hungry (6-hr fasted) and satiated (5 min after a meal) Zucker obese and lean rats. beta-Endorphin concentrations (1) in satiated vs. hungry rats were increased in the VMH (90 vs. 79 pg/mg tissue, p less than 0.05) and decreased in the supraoptic nucleus (65 vs. 78 pg/mg tissue, p less than 0.05), (2) in obese vs. lean rats were decreased in the VMH (79 vs. 90 pg/mg tissue, p less than 0.05) and (3) in female vs. male rats were increased in the anterior hypothalamus (123 vs. 59 pg/mg tissue, p less than 0.01) and VMH (90 vs. 79 pg/mg tissue, p less than 0.05). Analysis of a phenotype by feeding condition interaction revealed that obese but not lean rats had higher beta-endorphin concentrations in the satiated vs. hunger condition. However, plasma beta-endorphin concentrations did not differ with feeding condition, phenotype or sex. Intermediate and posterior but not anterior pituitary beta-endorphin concentrations were lower in obese than lean rats. Thus, there is some evidence for a relationship between beta-endorphin concentration and feeding in the hypothalamus, but beta-endorphin concentrations in plasma do not appear to be influenced by feeding condition or obesity.
Physiol Behav 1985 Dec
PMID:Meal-stimulated increased concentrations of beta-endorphin in the hypothalamus of Zucker obese and lean rats. 293 72


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