Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020175 (hunger)
 5,670 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study examined the long-term effects of nicotine replacement on tobacco withdrawal symptoms. Smokers (N = 40 community volunteers) maintained biologically validated smoking abstinence under closely monitored conditions while chewing 2 mg nicotine gum (Nicorette; average of 6.9 pieces per day) or placebo gum during the first 10 weeks following smoking cessation. During the first postcessation week symptoms of irritability, anxiety, impatience, restlessness, excessive hunger, difficulty concentrating, drowsiness, sleep disturbance and tobacco craving intensity were significantly lower in active as compared with placebo nicotine gum subjects. Symptoms of psychological distress including irritability, anxiety and impatience declined over time in placebo subjects and were suppressed by replacement therapy below placebo treatment levels only during the first 4-5 weeks after smoking cessation. On other items, most notably increased appetite and excessive eating, stable between-group differences persisted over the entire 10-week trial. The data suggest that use of active gum beyond the first 5 weeks post-cessation may be inconsequential as far as suppression of certain key symptoms of psychological disturbance is concerned, but more prolonged use of active gum would be advisable if the long-term nicotine replacement effects observed (e.g. decreased hunger) are relevant to smoking relapse prevention.
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PMID:Nicotine replacement: ten-week effects on tobacco withdrawal symptoms. 250 13

In insulin resistant subjects with android obesity the leptin levels are, as compared with non-obese subjects, elevated in proportion to their BMI, WHR and their percentage of body fat. Generally independent on obesity, leptin levels are significantly higher in women than in men as in women the percentage of adipose tissue is higher. After administration of 2 mg nicotine in Nicorette chewing gum to 36 android obese non-smokers the elevated baseline values of leptin did not change and thus the observation that cigarettes suppress hunger or that smoking promotes weight reduction is untrue or else this effect is not mediated by nicotine stimulation of leptin secretion or formation in adipose tissue, leptin being the adipose tissue hormone which controls food intake, the sensation of satiety and via neuropeptide Y also other hypothalamic functions such as muscular and sexual activity, gonadoliberin output, thermoregulation etc. Leptin thus offers no alibi to smokers. Conversely smoking in android obese hyperinsulinaemic hyperleptinaemic subjects with syndrome X (5H) potentiates significantly the risk of cardiovascular death.
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PMID:[The effects of nicotine on leptin levels in patients with android obesity]. 975 Apr 63