Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two hundred forty-three consecutive patients with Hodgkin's disease who relapsed after an initial course of treatment at the Stanford University Division of Radiation Therapy underwent subsequent systematic evaluation and retreatment. An analysis of the influence of numerous parameters, including sex, histopathology, original stage, relapse site, and original and second therapy, on actuarial survival and on relapse-free survival was undertaken. Most relapses (87%) occurred within 3 years of the initial treatment course. The 5-year relapse-free survival measured from the time of second treatment increased from 14% before to 39% after the introduction of multiple agent chemotherapy (MOPP) for relapsing disease. Patients treated with MOPP chemotherapy for nodal relapses showed increased subsequent relapse-free survival (61%) when compared with patients treated only with radiotherapy for nodal relapses. Based on the combined findings of this analysis, recommendations are made regarding the management of patients with Hodgkin's disease who have suffered a relapse.
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PMID:Initial relapses in previously treated Hodgkin's disease. I. Results of second treatment. 94 4

Prophylactic hepatic irradiation was give to 28 "bad risk" Stage III Hodgkin's disease patients. The whole liver was given 2,000 rad in 10 days in addition to 1,800-2,000 rad to that portion included in the total nodal irradiation field. Twenty-three patients have been followed a minimum of 10 months with serial liver function tests. A transient elevation of serum enzymes has been noted at 3-12 months following hepatic irradiation in 78% (18 of 23 patients). No cases of clinical radiation hepatitis have been found in patients at risk 10 to 39 months (median, 23 months). Hepatic irradiation at this dose level appears to be tolerated without prohibitive complications.
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PMID:Hepatic radiation tolerance in Hodgkin's disease patients. 98 28

Ninety-eight patients with clinically localised Hodgkin's disease underwent laparotomy and splenectomy to determine the extent of microscopic spread. In 68 patients the procedure was carried out for untreated disease apparently confined above the diaphragm. Abdominal disease cannot be confidently excluded on the basis of non-invasive investigation at presentation. Clinical assessment of splenic disease was unreliable unless gross splenomegaly was present. Pedal lymphography was accurate in assessing para-aortic and iliac disease but of no value in assessing other intra-abdominal lymph node involvement, including that of the mesenteric lymph node. Trephine bone marrow biopsy findings were normal in all patients before surgery, and only one patient was found to have diseased bone marrow by Stryker-saw biopsy at operation. Liver disease was identified at operation in nine patients, some of whom were asymptomatic with clinically undetectable splenic and nodal disease. Detailed clinical staging failed to detect disease in one-third of patients who underwent laparotomy. These studies show that if radiotherapy is to remain the treatment of choice for disease truly localised to lymph nodes a detailed staging procedure, including laparotomy and splenectomy, remains essential. The value of this potentially curative treatment is considerably diminished in the patient who has been inadequately staged.
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PMID:Intensive investigation in management of Hodgkin's disease. 100 Feb 27

Whole body scanning with 67-Ga citrate, could stand the test as a valuable non-invasive agent for the diagnosis and course study of Hodgkin's disease. It shows a differential accuracy in various nodal and extranodal manifestations, as well as in treated and non-treated cases. The method is not capable of replacing the common diagnostic methods which has been thus far used, but it can complete and occasionally correct them. The best diagnostic information can be gained in the thorax and in extranodal manifestations, which are difficult to evaluate by conventional studies. Our own results, which were obtained by means of studies in 18 cases, are discussed in comparison with reported results in the literature.
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PMID:[67Ga-whole-body-scanning for non-invasive diagnosis and observation of the course of Hodgkin's disease]. 100 58

1. Voltage clamp experiments were carried out on frog myelinated fibres to study the origin of the transient inward current occuring when the membrane is repolarized after long lasting depolarizing pulses (tail current denominated "Ip" by Frankenhaeuser). 2. The "tail" of inward current measured during repolarization after break of the depolarizing pulse is insensitive to external application of TTX, is abolished by external treatment with TEA or Cs and decreases when the outward K-current during the pulse is diminished. 3. The time course of the "tail" current is exponential. Its direction depends on the duration of the depolarizing pulse and on the membrane potential level at repolarization. 4. It is concluded that the tail of inward current during repolarization is carried by K-ions accumulated in the perinodal space during a depolarizing pulse. The data suggest that the tail reflects the time course of the restoration of the K-concentration to its initial level. The tail current itself contributes to this restoration depending on the Em value at repolarization. 5. It is shown that one of the two phenomenological models proposed by Frankenhaeuser and Hodgkin to account for the external potassium accumulation observed in the squid giant axon may be also applied to the Ranvier node. Assuming that the thickness of the space is 2900 A and that the K-permeability of the barrier is 0.019 cm/sec, it is possible to account for the observed changes in [K]0 during a long lasting depolarizing pulse. 6. The existence of such a barrier would introduce an electrical resistance in series with the nodal membrane of roughly 150 000 omega.
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PMID:Potassium accumulation in the perinodal space of frog myelinated axons. 108 77

Staging laparotomy was performed in 106 selected untreated adults and in 6 children. In adults the histological pattern at initial biopsy was interpreted as nodular lymphoma in 33% and as diffuse lymphoma in 67%. Diffuse histiocytic was the most frequently observed histological subtype in the present series (54%). Diffuse undifferentiated lymphoma was noted in 2/6 children. Waldeyer's ring involvement was noted in 27% of adult patients. Systemic symptoms were present in 7%. Surgery detected occult lesions in 27% of patients (para-aortic nodes 3%, spleen 12%, liver 12%, coeliac nodes 15%, splenic hilar nodes 26%, mesenteric nodes 15%, gastrointestinal tract 1%, bone marrow 12%). The chance of detecting splenic and hepatic involvement was definitely higher in patients with nodal disease above and below the diaphragm in comparison with those with either supra-diaphragmatic or infra-diaphragmatic adenopathy. Lymphography yielded a 96% accuracy proving once more to be a sufficiently reliable diagnostic method. Staging laparotomy is a useful procedure in non-Hodgkin's lymphomata in order to gain information on the natural history and to plan treatment. It remains to be determined whether findings observed through surgical staging will lead to improved treatment and survival.
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PMID:Staging laparotomy in non-Hodgkin's lymphomata. 110 21

The spread of non-Hodgkin's lymphomata was investigated in a group of 323 cases. Differences were sought between 4 histological groups: lymphocytic vs histiocytic lymphomata and diffuse vs follicular types. Histiocytic and follicular types were rare in childhood. Histiocytic lymphomata, compared with lymphocytic ones, were more often confined to sites above the diaphragm. They exhibited a higher rate of loco-regional recurrences within the first 3 months and also of late recurrence after 4 years. Lymphocytic lymphomata of the follicular type more commonly presented with nodal involvement below the diaphragm as primary or secondary site than the diffuse form. Follicular types of lymphoma compared with diffuse types, occurred more frequently in women. They were more seldom seen as primary or secondary sites in extranodal localizations. They had a smaller chance of late disease recurrence and were associated with a longer survival time after first recurrence. The mediastinum often remained clinically uninvolved. With regard to this mediastinal "skip" no differences were found between the histological groups.
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PMID:Spread according to histology in non-Hodgkin's lymphomata. 110 22

A total of 299 patients with Stage IA-Stage IIB nodal lymphoma treated by irradiation were evaluated for initial reactivation. The abdomen was the major site of reactivation for patients with supradiaphragmatic Hodgkin's disease. The non-Hodgkin's lymphomas reactivated in a variable fashion. Reactivation was prompt for patients with reticulum-cell sarcoma and longer for patients with other lymphomas. Initial extranodal manifestations were present in 24%, 51%, and 63% of patients with Hodgkin's disease, lymphosarcoma, and reticulum-cell sarcoma, respectively.
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PMID:Lymphomas: initial reactivation. 110 30

The author reports a case of Gaucher's disease in which lymphangiography was performed to evaluate cervical lymphadenopathy, later shown to be Hodgkin's disease. The 24-hour lymphangiogram showed fragmentation of the normal nodal architecture and foamy-appearing lymph nodes in the aortic bifurcation. Microscopic study of these nodes revealed abnormalities characteristic of Gaucher's disease.
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PMID:Positive lymphangiography in gaucher's disease. Report of a case. 111 23

To describe the kinetics of potassium permeability (conductance) changes in the squid giant axon membrane the Hodgkin--Huxley formulation uses a single first-order in time variable n with forward and backward rate constants, respectively alpha-n and beta-n, potential-dependent but time-independent. It has been shown by Frankenhaeuser that in the potassium-carrying system of the myelinated nerve fiber membrane of Xenopus laevis the rate constant beta-n is dependent on the duration of previous depolarization, i. e. the beta-n of this membrane is time-dependent. Started from the FitzHugh--Cole--Moore translation principle for potassium current experimental data of Frankenhaeuser have been analysed to show that the rate constant alpha-n in the X. laevis nerve fiber membrane is also time-dependent. To keep the conventional Hodgkin--Huxley formulation valid in case of the potassium-carrying system of the X. laevis nodal membrane involvement of an additional first--order in time component (n-II) has been postulated, which is compatible with Frankenhaeuser's experimental results. This component n-II appears to be identical to the n-II-component in the potassium-carrying system of the Rana ridibunda nerve fiber membrane. Both are rather slow and activated within the potential range more negative than the basic n-I-component (corresponding to Frankenhaeuser's variable n). The component n-I seems to be identical to the n-component of many other excitable membranes with fast action potentials. The existence of the third, very slow nIII-component is also possible. The independent components in question are believed to be associated with different independent potassium channels within the same membrane. It is likely that the existence of several independent components is a general feature of the potassium-carrying mechanism in the excitable membranes essential for a particular type of electrogenesis.
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PMID:[Time dependence of the reaction rate constant of potassium permeability of Ranvier's node membrane]. 111 3


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