Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe a 74-year-old man who presented with multifocal small bowel lesions, a large mesenteric mass, and enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes. In each of the extranodal sites and in two of three regional lymph nodes, there were classic histologic features of marginal zone B-cell lymphoma with adjacent areas of Hodgkin's disease, mixed cellularity subtype. Immunophenotypic analysis in the areas of low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue showed immunoreactivity for CD45RB and CD20 in the malignant small cell population. Conversely, the areas of Hodgkin's disease demonstrated positive immunoreactivity for CD15 and CD30 in the Reed-Sternberg cells and variants. Latent membrane protein for Epstein-Barr virus was also positive in the Reed-Sternberg cells and variants.
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PMID:Hodgkin's disease and an extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma in the small intestine: an unusual composite lymphoma. 890 41

Lymphomas of the marginal spleen zone are an entity recently considered as separate by the International Lymphoma Study Group. There are B-cell non Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) of low grade malignancy with a characteristic phenotype that allows to differentiate from mantle lymphomas and other B-cell lymphoproliferative syndromes. The case of a 69-year-old female patient admitted for abdominal pain due to large splenomegaly is reported. Pancytopenia and the presence of atypical large-sized lymphocytes with extensive cytoplasm and a rounded nucleus with indentations, reticulated appearing chromatin and one or several nucleoli were of note in the hemogram. Microscopic examination of the bone marrow demonstrated moderate-degree lymphocytary infiltration with grade I reticulin fibrosis. Laparotomy with splenectomy was performed. White pulp invasion with multifocal infiltration of the red pulp by lymphocytes of the same characteristics as those observed in the peripheral blood and bone marrow were observed on microscopic bone marrow examination. Immunophenotypic study of these lymphocytes was positive for CD19, CD20 and CD22 while being negative for CD5, CD10, CD23, CD25, CD11c and FMC7, the phenotype belonging to the lymphocytes of marginal spleen zone. Following splenectomy the patient recovered hemoperipheral counts and did not undergo additional treatment. The patient died due to septic shock of respiratory origin 4 months later. The clinical, morphologic and immunophenotypic features of marginal spleen zone lymphomas are reported with emphasis on the differences with other B-cell non Hodgkin's lymphomas of low malignancy.
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PMID:[Lymphoma of the marginal zone of the spleen. A case study]. 923 20

Non-Hodgkin's (NHL) B cell lymphomas are growth-inhibited by ligation of their CD40 molecules. This inhibition is not absolute in that approximately 50% of the cells are not inhibited. We conducted studies to see if other signals that have been reported to inhibit B cell lymphoma growth could be used in combination with anti-CD40 signaling to completely inhibit growth. Ligation of surface immunoglobulin (Ig), CD19, CD20, CD37 or CD95 with soluble antibody did not affect growth of the panel of NHL cells examined. Ligation of CD20, CD19 or CD95 was inhibitory for some NHL cell lines if the primary antibody was crosslinked with a secondary antibody. Combining anti-CD40 with anti-CD19, anti-CD20, or anti-Ig resulted in increased inhibition past that produced by anti-CD40 alone. The additive effect of anti-CD40 and other antibodies to selected surface markers was not observed in all NHL cell lines. Crosslinking of CD95 was also growth inhibitory for the majority of the NHL, and when combined with anti-CD40 under conditions that afforded crosslinking of the two receptors, increased inhibition was seen in three of the NHL cell lines. We found that cAMP or sodium butyrate (NaB) were also effective at inhibiting growth of the NHL cells; this was a profound inhibition (approaching 100%) compared to the 50% inhibition seen with anti-CD40 treatment. The potential for anti-CD40 and either cAMP or NaB to be additive was tested and not found to be the case. The ability to inhibit proliferation of the NHL was very dynamic with some antibody combinations being either inhibitory for multiple cells, not having an effect at all, or in some cases being stimulatory. This suggests that the NHL may represent unique stages of B cells that might serve as a model system which could be developed to precisely categorize patient NHL.
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PMID:Increased inhibition of proliferation of human B cell lymphomas following ligation of CD40, and either CD19, CD20, CD95 or surface immunoglobulin. 895 76

Patients developing Hodgkin's disease (HD) after a diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), are frequently included in a series of patients with Richter's syndrome (RS). We sought to determine the natural history of the association of CLL and HD. Over a 21 year period, 1374 patients with CLL have been registered in our computer data base. Seven cases of CLL and HD have been documented and confirmed. The median age of these patients was 71 years (range 44-77) and clinical features included male gender (86%), B symptomatology (86%), rapidly progressive lymphadenopathy (71%), prior CLL therapy (71%), advanced Ann Arbor stage (86%), marrow involvement with HD (43%), and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (29%). HD was documented by excisional lymph node biopsy in six cases and splenectomy in one. Mixed cellularity HD was shown in six and nodular sclerosis in one. Five of the biopsies revealed intervening areas consistent with small lymphocytic lymphoma. The Sternberg-Reed (SR) cells were CD15+ in 6/7 cases, and Ki-1+ in the 6 patients tested. CD45 and CD20 staining of the SR cells was nonreactive. The median time to development of HD was 45 months (range 0 to 96). The overall responses to different chemotherapy regimens was approximately 25% with only one CR. Six patients have died at 3, 9, 10, 13, 15 and 36 months and one patient is alive with progressive disease at 11 months. Our data suggests that CLL patients have a heightened risk for HD, features of advanced HD on presentation, and a poor response rate with short survival.
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PMID:Hodgkin's disease variant of Richter's syndrome: experience at a single institution. 903 Nov 14

Molecular analysis of isolated single cells is a powerful tool for analyzing heterogeneity within a population of cells and for clarifying issues of cell origin and clonality. Current techniques are limited by the availability of suitable fresh tissue. To broaden the applicability of molecular techniques at single-cell level, we have developed an approach that uses routinely processed archival tissue. Immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangement was analyzed in large tumor cells from four cases of diffuse large cell B-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and in small reactive T and B lymphocytes from three cases of lymphocytic predominance Hodgkin's disease. One case of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded RNA (EBER)-positive angiocentric pulmonary T-cell lymphoma was assayed for the presence of the BamHI-W multiple-copy fragment of the EBV genome. T- and B-lymphoid cells were immunostained with anti-CD3 and CD20, respectively. The tissue sections from the EBER-positive T-cell lymphoma were stained by nonisotopic in situ hybridization. Single cells were mobilized after proteolytic treatment under an inverted microscope using a hydraulic micromanipulator at a magnification of 400 x. Isolated cells were aspirated into a micropipette fixed to a second micromanipulator and transferred into a PCR tube. The IgH complementarity determining region (CDR)3 was successfully amplified in 17 of 52 (33%) small B-lymphocytes from lymphocytic predominance Hodgkin's disease using a previously reported semi-nested PCR method, and the products from each case differed in size as expected of a polyclonal population. None of the 49 small T lymphocytes demonstrated any amplifiable IgH CDR3 products, indicating no significant cellular contamination. The IgH CDR3 sequence analysis of the PCR products indicated a clonal relationship among harvested cells. In the T-cell lymphoma case, the harvested EBER-positive cells were amplifiable for the multiple-copy fragment BamHI-W of the EBV genome. Our study indicates that single-cell analysis can be performed on paraffin-embedded archival tissue after being subjected to immunoperoxidase and in situ hybridization procedures.
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PMID:Molecular studies on single cells harvested by micromanipulation from archival tissue sections previously stained by immunohistochemistry or nonisotopic in situ hybridization. 904 58

There is wide consensus that lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease (LPHD) represents a distinct clinicopathological entity of B-cell origin. However, inconsistent results of immunophenotyping studies and low confirmation rates among multi-center trials pose the question of whether LPHD really expresses heterogeneous marker profiles or whether it represents a mixture of morphologically similar entities. Among 2,836 cases reviewed by the German Hodgkin Study Group, immunophenotyping was performed on 1) cases classified or confirmed as LPHD by the reference panel (n = 104) or 2) cases not confirmed as LPHD but classified as classical HD (cHD) within the reference study trial (n = 104). In most cases, immunohistochemistry revealed a phenotype either LPHD-like (CD20+, CD15-, CD30-, CD45+) or cHD-like (CD15+, CD30+, CD20-, CD45-). In 27 cases, the immunophenotype was not fully conclusive. Additional markers for Epstein-Barr virus and CD57 and in situ hybridization for mRNA light chains allowed for a more clear-cut distinction between LPHD and cHD. However, in 25 of 104 cases, immunohistochemistry disproved the morphological diagnosis of LPHD of the panel experts, whereas 13 cases originally not confirmed as LPHD showed a LPHD-like immunopattern. Immunohistochemically confirmed LPHD cases showed a significantly better freedom from treatment failure (P = 0.033) than cHD; this was not observed in the original study classification based only on morphology (P > 0.05). Significantly better survival for LPHD cases improved from P = 0.047 (original study classification) to P = 0.0071 when classified by immunohistochemistry. Our results show that LPHD is a more immunohistochemical rather than a purely morphological diagnosis. Immunophenotyping of HD biopsies suspected of being LPHD is mandatory when a modified therapy protocol, that is, one different from those used in cHD, is discussed.
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PMID:Lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's disease. An immunohistochemical analysis of 208 reviewed Hodgkin's disease cases from the German Hodgkin Study Group. 906 Aug 17

Hairy-cell leukaemia may be difficult to diagnose in bone marrow biopsies, especially in the early stages or in its residum after complete clinical remission. To consider the impact of published data on immunophenotyping hairy-cell leukaemias, a total of 50 diagnostic biopsies were systematically analysed with a panel of eight antibodies and compared with cases of chronic lymphatic leukaemia (CLL), 20 follicular centre lymphomas, 20 lympho-plasmacytoid immunocytomas, 10 small-cell T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas and 20 cases of benign nodular lymphatic hyperplasia. The panel of eight antibodies comprised DBA44, CD45, CD20, CD45R, CD45RO, CD43 and the CD68 antibodies KP1 and Ki-M1P. The hairy-cell leukaemias were staged histologically into four categories of bone marrow infiltration. DBA44 reacted positively in 47/50 cases. CD45 and the B-cell markers CD20 and CD45R reacted in 49/50 and 43/50 cases, respectively. One CD68 marker, KP1, was positive in 38/50 cases but the other-Ki-M1P-only in 1/50 cases. Chronic lymphatic leukaemia cases, the other B-cell NHLs and lymphatic hyperplasias showed strong positivity for CD20 and CD45R, but only the immunocytomas reacted with DBA44 in 7/20 cases. The T-cell NHLs and hyperplasias showed a strong positivity for the T-cell markers CD45RO and CD43. The CD68-marker Ki-M1P revealed a high specificity since it was negative in all NHLs and positive only in one hairy-cell leukaemia. Methyl-methacrylate embedding of bone marrow biopsies under cold polymerization produces a high quality of histo- and cytomorphology, resulting in greater diagnostic reliability and the detection of low-stage infiltration of hairy-cell leukaemia. DBA44 appears as a highly specific antibody to mark hairy-cells since only immunocytomas reacted positively in a few cases. A small panel of antibodies including DBA44. CD20, CD45R and Ki-M1P may serve to distinguish small-cell. NHL from hairy-cell leukaemia even at an early stage or when there are minimal residual tumour cells.
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PMID:Immunophenotype of hairy-cell leukaemia after cold polymerization of methyl-methacrylate embeddings from 50 diagnostic bone marrow biopsies. 906 39

The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and immunophenotype of Reed-Sternberg-like (R-S-like) cells in the setting of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD). Twenty-eight formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cases (17 renal and 11 heart/heart-lung PTLDS) were analyzed for the presence of typical binucleate cells with inclusionlike nucleoli--the Reed-Sternberg phenotype. An immunohistochemical evaluation for the following markers was performed: CD3, CD20, CD79a, CD15, CD30, CD45, EBV-LMP-1, and vimentin. Monoclonality was assessed by staining for light chain restriction. Eleven cases contained R-S-like cells (9 renal and 2 heart/heart-lung PTLD). All 11 cases were positive for CD45 (LCA), EBV-LMP-1, and vimentin. Ten of 11 cases were CD20/CD79a positive, one case being of a null immunophenotype. Nine cases expressed CD30, whereas 0 of 11 were positive for CD15. In nine cases, expression of both kappa and lambda light chains was present; the remaining two cases failed to express either light chain. This study shows that the R-S-like cells encountered in PTLD have an activated B cell immunophenotype, are invariably EBV-LMP-1 positive, are often CD30 positive, and are CD15 negative. This latter immunophenotypic feature separates R-S-like cells from the R-S cells seen in Hodgkin's disease. The strong staining for EBV-LMP-1 in R-S-like cells also indicates a strong association between EBV-LMP and the R-S morphological phenotype in the context of PTLDs.
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PMID:An immunohistochemical analysis of Reed-Sternberg-like cells in posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders: the possible pathogenetic relationship to Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's disease and Reed-Sternberg-like cells in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and reactive conditions. 910 51

Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (H & RS) cells are generally considered to be the neoplastic cells of Hodgkin's disease (HD), however such cells are only found in a minority of the lesions. Recently in a few studies on HD, the clonality of H & RS cells was examined, using a single-cell polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examination. To clarify the lineage and clonality of H & RS cells, we performed single cell PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH), and nine cases of classical HD were thus studied. By ISH, the immunoglobulin J chain, and the kappa and lambda light chain were rarely expressed in the H & RS cells, however, no T-cell markers could be detected. The expression of the recombination activating genes (RAG-1, 2) could be determined in the H & RS cells. We isolated CD30+ H & RS cells, CD3 + T cells and CD20 + B cells from suspended materials using a mechanical sorter. We performed single cell PCR in a sorted individual cell, to amplify the complementarity determining region of the Ig heavy chain (IgH) gene and T-cell receptor gamma chain (TCR gamma) gene. In all cases, TCR gamma could be frequently amplified in the T cells, but was only rarely amplified in the H & RS and B cells. In contrast, the IgH was frequently amplified in the H & RS and B cells, but not in the T cells. In addition, the PCR production of the H & RS cells all showed different lengths. The results therefore support the polyclonal nature and immature B lymphoid cell origin of H & RS cells.
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PMID:Classical Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells demonstrate a non-clonal immature B lymphoid lineage: evidence from a single cell assay and in situ hybridization. 911 57

Inflammatory malignant fibrous histiocytoma (IMFH), consisting of large, atypical histiocyte-like cells set amidst an inflammatory backdrop of eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and xanthoma cells, can be difficult to distinguish from Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, particularly of the Ki-1 anaplastic large-cell type in small biopsy specimens. This problem is becoming more prevalent with the use of needle biopsies guided by computed tomography for definitive diagnosis. For this reason, we studied the expression of a battery of leukocyte markers in IMFH to evaluate whether they could serve as an independently reliable means of distinguishing amongst the three neoplasms. Eight examples of histologically typical IMFH were stained with a number of leukocyte markers that included CD30 (BerH2), CD15 (leuM1), CD45/ CD45RB (2B11,PD7/26/16), CD43 (leu 22), CD45RO (A6), CD20 (L26), and CD68 (KPI). The large anaplastic tumor cells within IMFH consistently lacked CD30, CD15, CD45/CD45RB, CD43, CD45RO, and CD20. In one case, the anaplastic cells expressed CD68. Benign histiocytes within IMFH expressed CD68 and displayed variable expression of CD15, CD45/CD45RB, and CD43. The reactive lymphocytes consisted mostly of scattered small T cells with a few B cells, mainly within lymphoid aggregates. We conclude that the immunophenotypic profile of the anaplastic cells in IMFH (lack of CD15, CD30, CD43, CD45/CD45RB, CD45RO, CD20) differs from most cases of Hodgkin's disease (ICD30+, CD15+/-) and from Ki-1 anaplastic large cell lymphoma (CD30+, CD45/CD45RB+/-, CD43+/-, CD45RO+/-, CD20-/+). Immunohistochemistry is an important diagnostic adjunct, provided care is taken to exclude benign histiocytes and inflammatory cells from consideration.
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PMID:Inflammatory malignant fibrous histiocytoma: distinction from Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by a panel of leukocyte markers. 916 Mar 7


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