Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ten cases of reactive follicular hyperplasia and 31 cases of B-cell non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma were studied using multiparameter flow cytometry. A bimodal distribution for HLA-DR expression, but not for surface immunoglobulin or B cell-specific antigens CD19 and CD20, was observed commonly in mixed cell type and infrequently in non-mixed cell type B-cell malignant lymphomas. On the basis of HLA-DR distribution alone, 31 cases of B-cell malignant lymphomas of low, intermediate, and high grades could be separated into mixed and non-mixed cell types, with only two misclassifications (P = 0.0001). Exceptionally, one case of malignant lymphoma, follicular and diffuse, mixed-cell type had a unimodal HLA-DR distribution, and one case of malignant lymphoma, diffuse, large noncleaved cell type had a bimodal HLA-DR distribution. In all cases of malignant lymphoma, follicular, mixed-cell type studied, low HLA-DR was correlated with small cells, and high HLA-DR was correlated with large cells. In contrast, HLA-DR expression and cell size were not as directly correlated in cases of malignant lymphoma, diffuse, mixed-cell type. These observations suggest that most, but not all, cases of B-cell malignant lymphomas of the mixed cell type can be separated from other B-cell lymphomas on the basis of HLA-DR distribution.
 ...
PMID:HLA-DR expression in B-cell non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas: a multiparameter flow cytometry study. 224 40

Follicular dendritic cells (FDC) are located within follicles of secondary lymphoid tissue and in lymph nodes of patients with germinal center cell-derived non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Reliable antigenic phenotyping of FDC within tissue sections has been difficult due to simultaneous labeling of the surrounding germinal center cells. Using an enzyme cocktail to digest human tonsils and cervical lymph nodes with subsequent fractionation by albumin gradient centrifugation, cell isolates containing up to 20% FDC were obtained. This preparation allowed the determination of antigenic phenotype on individual FDC. Molecules expressed by FDC were detected by an isotype-specific immunocytochemical double-labeling procedure, i.e. a monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific for FDC (KiM4 or DRC1) in conjunction with a mAb reactive against an additional antigenic determinant. Nonspecific binding of mAb to immunoglobulin Fc receptors located on FDC membranes was avoided by incubation of cells with human IgG aggregates prior to immunostaining. The results revealed that isolated FDC from these lymphoid tissues express transferrin receptors, the intercellular adhesion molecule 1, class II antigens, the B cell antigens CD20 and CD21, and the myelomonocytic properties CD11b and CD14. Immunoglobulin mu or gamma heavy chains and the B cell antigens CD23 and CD24 are detected on 50% of an isolated FDC population. These FDC are negative for the T helper cell antigen CD4, the B cell cell antigens CD19 and CD22, the immunolobulin alpha and delta chains and the S-100 protein. FDC isolated from lymph nodes of patients with low-grade malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma, identified by DRC1 or KiM4 mAb, presented the same antigenic profile as seen on FDC from nonmalignant tissue. This suggests that FDC from lymphoma tissue isolated in this manner have the same properties as those found in normal tissue.
 ...
PMID:Antigenic phenotyping of human follicular dendritic cells isolated from nonmalignant and malignant lymphatic tissue. 235 15

The biodistribution, toxicity, and therapeutic potential of anti-CD37 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) MB-1 labeled with iodine 131 (131I) was evaluated in ten patients with advanced-, low- or intermediate-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas who failed conventional treatment. Sequential dosimetric studies were performed with escalating amounts of antibody MB-1 (0.5, 2.5, 10 mg/kg) trace-labeled with 5 to 10 mCi 131I. Serial tumor biopsies and gamma camera imaging showed that the 10 mg/kg MoAb dose yielded the best MoAb biodistribution in the ten patients studied. Biodistribution studies in the five patients with splenomegaly and tumor burdens greater than 1 kg indicated that not all tumor sites would receive more radiation than normal organs, and these patients were therefore not treated with high-dose radioimmunotherapy. The other five patients did not have splenomegaly and had tumor burdens less than 0.5 kg; all five patients in this group showed preferential localization and retention of MoAb at tumor sites. Four of these patients have been treated with 131I (232 to 608 mCi) conjugated to anti-CD37 MoAb MB-1, delivering 850 to 4,260 Gy to tumor sites. Each of these four patients attained a complete tumor remission (lasting 4, 6, 11+, and 8+ months). A fifth patient, whose tumor did not express the CD37 antigen, was treated with 131I-labeled anti-CD20 MoAb 1F5 and achieved a partial response. Myelosuppression occurred 3 to 5 weeks after treatment in all cases, but there were no other significant acute toxicities. Normal B cells were transiently depleted from the bloodstream, but immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were not affected, and no serious infections occurred. Two patients required reinfusion of previously stored autologous, purged bone marrow. Two patients developed asymptomatic hypothyroidism 1 year after therapy. The tolerable toxicity and encouraging efficacy warrant further dose escalation in this phase I trial.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with radiolabeled MB-1 (anti-CD37) antibody. 266 88

Flow cytometric measurements of DNA ploidy and synthetic (S) fractions are quantitative parameters that can aid in the diagnosis and classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). Although the S-fraction correlates with histologic classification, the relationship between specific immunologic phenotypes and DNA ploidy is less well known. We investigated this relationship in 106 cases of NHL. Samples from 17 SEG institutions were sent for flow cytometry and for frozen section immunoperoxidase phenotyping. DNA histograms were analyzed for ploidy changes and cases classified by degree of abnormality. Ninety-eight cases were B-cell and eight were T-cell. B-cell tumors were subdivided by expression of antigens CD24, CD10, CD5, HB31, CD22, CD20, and transferrin receptor. Among B-cell tumors there was no correlation between degree of aneuploidy and phenotype, but B-cell tumors displayed a higher degree of aneuploidy than T-cell tumors (P less than 0.02). There was no difference between the S-fractions of B-cell and T-cell lymphomas. However, the transferrin receptor was more often expressed when the S-fraction was higher than 5%. Cases with S-fractions higher than 5% were more likely to lack any of the Pan-B antigens CD19, CD22 or CD20, and also were more frequently CD24 negative. We conclude that T-cell and B-cell NHL differ in degree of aneuploidy, and that monoclonal antibody phenotyping and DNA ploidy analysis independently define subgroups of B-cell NHL. Within B-cell lymphomas phenotype also correlates with grade of NHL as defined by the S-fraction.
 ...
PMID:Correlation of monoclonal antibody phenotyping and cellular DNA content in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The Southeastern Cancer Study Group experience. 349 12

Using a large range of monoclonal antibodies to specific cluster differentiation antigens the phenotypes of a series of high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of B- and T-cell type were investigated. Cell ploidy and proliferative fraction were assessed by fluorescent staining of DNA and flow cytometry and data on the incidence of complete clinical remission were obtained. With the exception of some lymphoblastic lymphomas, high-grade B-cell lymphomas normally expressed the pan B-cell antigens CD19 and CD22 but only immunoblastic lymphomas consistently expressed the pan B marker CD20. Variable, generally weak expression of CD21 was observed whilst CD23 expression was most prevalent in rapidly proliferative cases and in Burkitt's and centroblastic lymphomas. A rapidly proliferative, multilobated B-cell lymphoma displayed phenotypic properties intermediate between centroblastic and immunoblastic lymphomas. The T-cell lymphomas generally showed low proliferative activity and expression of CD4 prevailed over CD8. Most cases also showed CD2 and CD5 positivity with some also showing CD3 and CD7 expression. Patients with rapidly proliferative diploid or DNA aneuploid tumours obtained complete remission more readily than patients with lowly proliferative diploid tumours. An excess of early deaths occurred among T-cell cases.
 ...
PMID:Ploidy, proliferative activity, cluster differentiation antigen expression and clinical remission in high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 350 51

Waldeyer's ring is an uncommon, rarely reported primary site for Hodgkin's disease. We report a series of 16 such cases culled from the files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology and the National Cancer Institute. The patients' median age was 41 years (range, 14-74), and they presented with airway obstruction or unilateral tonsillar enlargement. The disease was localized to the Waldeyer's ring (stage I) in 46% of patients and extended to the cervical lymph nodes (stage II) in 39% and to the spleen (stage III) in 15%. Local radiation therapy, with or without chemotherapy, obtained a complete response in all but two patients. There was local recurrence in one patient and distant spread in three others. All patients for whom follow-up is available are alive without evidence of disease at 9 to 216 months (median, 20 months) except two who died of widespread Hodgkin's disease and two others who died of other causes. Histologically, eight cases were classified as mixed cellularity type (50%), four as nodular sclerosis (25%), and one as lymphocyte predominance, nodular (LPn; 6.3%); three others that showed interfollicular involvement were unclassified (18.7%). The Reed-Sternberg (RS) and atypical mononuclear cells in most cases of mixed cellularity and interfollicular types and all cases of nodular sclerosis had the classic immunophenotype (CD45-, CD20- and/or CD45RO-, CD15+ and/or CD30+). In the single case of LPn, they were of B-cell lineage (CD45+, CD20+, CD45RO-, CD15-, CD30-). In situ hybridization performed on routinely processed sections revealed Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) EBER1 mRNA in RS cells of eight of 12 cases studied (67%) only in mixed cellularity and nodular sclerosis, but not in LPn. We conclude that, however rarely, Hodgkin's disease of typical morphology and immunophenotype can originate in Waldeyer's ring. The incidence of EBV detection in the RS cells in our study is greater than that usually seen in nodal Hodgkin's disease in the United States. The greater prevalence of EBV-related Hodgkin's disease at this site is probably a reflection of the fact that the Waldeyer's ring is a reservoir for EBV.
 ...
PMID:Hodgkin's disease of Waldeyer's ring. Clinical and histoimmunophenotypic findings and association with Epstein-Barr virus in 16 cases. 750 65

Recent evidence indicates that membrane-bound immunoglobulin on B lymphocytes is associated with a molecule which comprises the products of the mb-1 and B29 genes. This molecule is a highly specific marker for B-cells, presumably because of its central functional role in antigen triggering, and has recently been clustered as CD79a at the 5th Leucocyte Workshop. Recently there has been controversy surrounding reports of B-cell antigen expression by Reed-Sternberg and related cells, and we have therefore studied 108 cases of Hodgkin's disease immunohistochemically using a novel antibody which detects mb-1 protein in paraffin sections. The results were compared with those achieved using antibody L26 to detect CD20. The mb-1 protein was present in the neoplastic cells in all 14 cases of lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease studied, and CD20 immunoreactivity was also found in seven of the eight cases of this subtype studied. Of the non-lymphocyte predominance cases, 20% (19/94) expressed mb-1 and 30% (20/67) CD20 in the Reed-Sternberg cells, but the cells positive for either of these two markers usually constituted only a very small proportion of the neoplastic population. However, in occasional cases (one of 94 for mb-1 and five of 67 for CD20), more than 50% of the neoplastic cells expressed one or both B-cell antigens. These results confirm the B-cell origin of the neoplastic cells in lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease, but they also indicate that, contrary to our previous study, mb-1 expression may occasionally be found in what appears, on histological grounds, to be other types of Hodgkin's disease.
 ...
PMID:The expression of the B-cell marker mb-1 (CD79a) in Hodgkin's disease. 752 Apr 11

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been demonstrated in the Reed-Sternberg cells and their mononuclear variants (Hodgkin cells; H-RS cells) in a substantial number of Hodgkin's disease (HD) cases. Moreover, EBV can modulate both in vivo and in vitro the expression of several cellular genes, including lymphoid differentiation markers. Therefore we investigated, in 64 cases of HD, the relationship between the presence of EBV and the expression of lymphoid (CD45RB), T- (CD3, CD45RO), B- (CD20, MB2 antigen, CDw75), and myeloid-cell lineage markers (CD15), and of activation markers (CD30, EMA, and the 115D8 antigen) on the H-RS cells. EBV-positive cases, as demonstrated by the presence of EBER-1 and -2 RNA and LMP-1 protein expression, showed a significant reduction in the expression on H-RS cells of T-cell lineage (CD3, P < 0.02), B-cell lineage (CD20; P < 0.005), and activation markers (EMA; P < 0.002 and the 115D8 antigen; P < 0.001) as compared with EBV-negative cases. No differences were found in the expression of CD15, CD30, CD45RO, CD45RB, CDw75, or the MB2 antigen on H-RS cells in EBV-positive and EBV-negative HD cases. Interestingly, in 11 cases of EBV-negative HD, B- as well as T-cell lineage markers could be found on some H-RS cells. These data suggest that EBV in H-RS cells is able to down-regulate the expression of T- (CD3) and B- (CD20) cell lineage markers and lymphoid activation markers (EMA and the 115D8 antigen).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Decreased expression of cellular markers in Epstein-Barr virus-positive Hodgkin's disease. 752 10

Mantle cell lymphomas (MCLs) are typically CD5-expressing B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) that frequently harbor the chromosomal translocation t(11;14) or bcl-1 gene rearrangements. Insufficient data are available on the biologic features and clinical behavior of rigorously characterized MCL. As these NHLs have been reported to exhibit various histologic and cytologic expressions, and in order to avoid using somewhat arbitrary and subjective morphologic definitions, we chose to study cases of MCL selected on more objective grounds. Specifically, 15 samples (from 14 patients) of CD5-expressing B-cell NHLs with detectable bcl-1 gene rearrangement were included. Overall, these patients had relatively uniform clinical manifestations. Most were older men (mean age, 67 years) who presented with lymphadenopathy, high-stage disease, and bone marrow involvement. All but two patients relapsed, demonstrated residual tumor, or had disease progression after an initial response to various therapies. Nine patients have died; these patients had a median survival of only 19 months. All cases could be classified within the broad morphologic spectrum previously described for MCL, and no predominant histologic subtype was observed. However, cases could be segregated into two major groups according to tissue architecture: one with a purely diffuse pattern and the other with at least a focal nodular component. Patients with purely diffuse tumors had a lower survival rate (0%) than those with tumors having a nodular component (62% survival rate). In contrast to the morphologic variability, these NHL exhibited a rather homogeneous immunophenotypic pattern. All cases demonstrated intense CD20 expression, with typically intense IgM and light chain expression, and relatively weak IgD expression. In no case was CD10 detected on the neoplastic cells. DNA content analysis showed aneuploidy only in three instances, and two groups of cases could be arbitrarily defined on the basis of their S-phase fraction. A relationship between a purely diffuse growth pattern and a high S-phase fraction (greater than 5%) was observed. As expected from this association, patients with tumors having high S-phase fractions fared worse (14% survival rate) than those patients with tumors showing lower S-phase fractions (57% survival rate). Thirteen NHLs from 12 patients had amplifiable bcl-1 gene rearrangements at the major translocation cluster (MTC). The bcl-1 breakpoints aggregated within a 63-bp region of the MTC, and the amplified tumor DNA from each patient had unique N-nucleotide junctional sequences and Ig joining region breakpoint sites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:CD5-expressing B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with bcl-1 gene rearrangement have a relatively homogeneous immunophenotype and are associated with an overall poor prognosis. 753 38

The origin of the Reed-Sternberg cell, the neoplastic cell of Hodgkin's disease, has not been defined. We evaluated a case of Hodgkin's disease, mixed cellularity type, which presented in the retroperitoneum of a 45-year-old woman. Reed-Sternberg cells and Hodgkin's cells expressed the characteristic markers CD15 and CD30. In addition, they expressed the B-cell antigens CD19 and CD20, as well as CD45/leukocyte common antigen. Clonal rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene was detected by Southern blot analysis. These results suggest that some cases of Hodgkin's disease are derived from an activated cell of lymphoid origin. This case documents a close relationship between Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and it demonstrates that even when newer ancillary techniques are employed these two entities can have overlapping features.
 ...
PMID:Hodgkin's disease, mixed cellularity type, with a B-cell immunophenotype. Report of a case and literature review. 753 89


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>