Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty-seven cases of adult non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin's disease (HD) seen at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital between 1975 and 1987 have been analysed with respect to the presenting features, management and survival. There is a preponderance of males over females (4.4:1 for NHL and 9:1 for HD). NHL was commonly diagnosed in the 41-50 year age group and HD in the 21-30 year age bracket. Lymphadenopathy was observed in all patients at the time of presentation, mainly generalized (48.1%) in NHL and cervical (65%) in HD. The poorly differentiated lymphocytic (29.6%) and undifferentiated (22.2%) types of NHL and the mixed cellularity type (40%) of HD are the most frequent histopathological types. The COP regime was the most frequently used therapeutic regimen. The results of treatment were poor mainly because of late presentation, inadequate supply of drugs, the high default rate and relative lack of radiotherapeutic facilities.
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PMID:The malignant lymphomas in Benin City, Nigeria. 275 94

Because of the variety of pathologic classifications for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, it became necessary to develop a new system that incorporated the biologic, immunologic, and morphologic characteristics of these lymphomas. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) developed the Working Formulation that now classifies lymphomas into low, intermediate, and high grade. Physicians should be aware of these changes so that they can communicate with expert pathologists who speak the same language. Staging procedures to evaluate non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are similar to those used to evaluate Hodgkin's disease. The major advance in the treatment of this condition in the past few years has been in diffuse large cell lymphoma. Primary treatment programs using first-generation chemotherapy include CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone), which is easy to administer and has a high complete remission (CR) rate of 51% and a 2-year survival of 39%. CHOP is about equal in activity to other first-generation regimens and remains the most frequent regimen to treat diffuse large cell lymphomas. Second-generation regimens were devised to increase the remission rate. COP-BLAM (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, bleomycin, doxorubicin, procarbazine), M-BACOD (methotrexate, bleomycin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, dexamethasone), and ProMACE-MOPP (prednisone, methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone) have produced CRs in excess of 70% and have demonstrated an increase in survival that has been associated with a concomitant increase in toxicity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Practical approaches to the management of aggressive lymphomas in the community practice. 358 6

Prognostic factors were investigated in 67 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, homogeneously staged and treated (COP or CHOP according to low or high malignant histotype). A large number of parameters were scrutinized in order to recognize those exhibiting a prognostic value regarding length of survival. All the parameters that singly appeared to influence survival were entered into a multiple regression factor analysis. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), higher or lower than 35 mm at the 1st h, better discriminated the groups of patients surviving or not at a given time. The histologic type, according to the Kiel classification of malignancy, was the second best prognosticator when a short-term prediction was requested (survival or death after no more than 2.5 years), but showed insufficient statistical weight for predicting longer survivals (greater than 4 years). Stage seemed to be the third best prognosticator for the first years of survival, but only the second best for longer survivals. Other parameters had very low prognostic importance when compared with those above. The results were substantially confirmed by 28 other patients, taken as controls. The importance that such a simple and easy test as ESR may be adequate with regard to prognosis is emphasized.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 393 21

Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, VP-16, adriamycin and prednisolone was given in 9 cases of mycosis fungoides in the tumor stage; 3 of these patients received COP, one received CHOP, and 5 CAVOP. Complete remission was obtained in one case and partial remission in 5, the response rate thus being 6/9. It was impossible, however, to maintain remission. The treatment was reduced or withdrawn owing to toxic effects in 4 cases. These forms of combination chemotherapy are beneficial in non-Hodgkin lymphomas but do not seem to be of value in the tumour stage of mycosis fungoides.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy in the tumour stage of mycosis fungoides with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, vp-16, adriamycin and prednisolone (cop, chop, cavop): a report from the Scandinavian mycosis fungoides study group. 616 47

109 patients with advanced stage non-Hodgkin lymphomas were treated with cytostatic chemotherapy. 91 of these patients were classified according to the Kiel classification as having lymphomas of low-grade malignancy, whilst the remaining 18 had lymphomas of high-grade malignancy. The primary treatment in low-grade malignant lymphomas was a combination of chlorambucil and prednisone: in case of progression or therapeutic failure more aggressive schedules (COP, C-MOPP, HOP, CHOP, BACOP) were used. Patients with high-grade malignant lymphomas were treated in the first instance according to these aggressive schedules. Although no complete remissions were achieved, 25 out of the 47 patients with CLL responded with a partial remission to chlorambucil/prednisone, whilst 12 out of 19 non-responders to this schedule reacted favourably to COP. The results in 10 patients with immunocytic lymphomas were of a similar order. Better results were achieved in patients with germinal centre tumours: 9 out of the 11 patients with centrocytic lymphomas and all 20 patients with centrocytic-centroblastic tumours responded with a complete or partial remission. Of 18 patients with high-grade malignant lymphomas, 5 responded with a complete remission, 8 with a partial remission.
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PMID:[Results of cytostatic polychemotherapy in non-Hodgkin lymphomas]. 668 99

A regimen consisting of two courses of methotrexate (MTX) with leucovorin rescue followed 1 week later by cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (MTX-COP) was studied in ten patients with disseminated diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who had had no prior chemotherapy. A similar regimen with the addition of doxorubicin (MTX-CHOP) was used for patients who had had previous chemotherapy: 11 with diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and two with Hodgkin's disease. The response rate to initial MTX administration was 55%, and the clinical onset of effect was usually observed within 48 hours. Responses were observed in previously treated and untreated patients. The remission rate was 100% with both regimens. There were seven complete remissions with MTX-COP and six with MTX-CHOP. The median durations of remission were 23 and 13 months, respectively; median survival was not reached in either group. MTX was well-tolerated by both groups of patients without serious toxic effects. Overall, significantly more hematologic toxicity was observed in previously treated patients; however, no life-threatening toxic effects were observed in either group. The incorporation of MTX and other antimetabolites into schedules of chemotherapy for previously treated and untreated patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is well tolerated and deserved further exploration.
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PMID:Combinations of methotrexate (COP or CHOP) in the treatment of previously untreated and treated lymphomas. 697 59

This report describes the experience of the BNLI in the treatment of localised (Stage I, II) non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). About a third of all patients with NHL presenting to collaborators in the BNLI were considered after investigation to have localised disease. This relatively large number suggests that some cases may have been understaged. Patients with Grade 1 disease were treated with either local irradiation or with local irradiation followed by chlorambucil. Survival rates in the two groups were essentially similar and it appeared that radiotherapy alone provided equally effective treatment. Patients with Grade 2 lymphomas were treated with either local irradiation or with local irradiation followed by COP. Primary nodal disease was not obviously affected by the addition of chemotherapy. Extranodal disease arising in the gut below the diaphragm appeared to be adversely affected by the irradiation which was of necessity spread over several weeks, delaying the use of chemotherapy. Extranodal disease arising in the head and neck region is controlled in about 80% of patients and the routine use of prophylactic combination chemotherapy confers no benefit to the patient.
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PMID:Radiotherapy in the treatment of localised non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (Report no 16). 727 49

In high-grade malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (hNHL) recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) was evaluated as support to chemotherapy. In a phase III trial, 172 patients (age 18-73 years, stage II-IV) were risk-stratified according to LDH levels and lymphoma size and randomized to receive rhGM-CSF (400 micrograms) (87 patients) or placebo (85 patients) subcutaneously days 8-14 of each cycle of an intensified COP-BLAM regimen. RhGM-CSF significantly reduced the length and nadir of neutropenia, the length of fever episodes, the frequency of all and of severe infections, and of hospitalization and antibiotic requirements. Complete response rates were 63% for all patients and 64% vs. 61% (n.s.) in the rhGM-CSF vs. the control group. Deviations from protocol in applied dosages of myelotoxic drugs and in cycle intervals maintained differed slightly in favor of the rhGM-CSF arm. However, there were no significant differences in overall survival between the GM-CSF treatment and control groups (21 vs. 23 months). Early relapse rates were markedly lower than in the standard-dose COP-BLAM/IMVP-16 regimen. Thus, GM-CSF abates toxic side effects of chemotherapy and may help to maintain dose intensity in high-risk hNHL.
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PMID:Cytokine efficiency in the treatment of high-grade malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: results of a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study with intensified COP-BLAM +/- rhGM-CSF. 751 44

Twenty-two patients with malignant lymphoma were treated with three different COP-BLAM infusional chemotherapy protocols at the Jersey Shore Medical Center. The treatment group included 18 patients with large-cell lymphoma, 3 patients with Hodgkin's disease, and 1 patient with composite lymphoma (large-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease). Three patients were treated with COP-BLAM III, 9 with COP-BLAM IV, and 10 with COP-BLAM V. The age of the patients at diagnosis ranged from 18 to 74 years, with a median age of 64 years. One patient had stage I bulky disease, 4 had stage II bulky disease, 3 had stage III disease, and 14 had stage IV disease. Twenty patients were evaluable for response; 2 were too early to evaluate. Complete response (CR) was seen in 18 of the 20 evaluable patients (90%). Potential cure (excludes non-lymphoma-related deaths) at 24 months is projected at 78%. Eleven patients are presently without disease and off therapy (55%). Projected failure-free survival at 2 years is 71% (a failure being death from any cause). Eleven of 22 patients developed 15 febrile episodes. Vincristine neuropathy was seen in 6 patients. Subclinical pulmonary fibrosis was seen in 1 patient. There was one cardiotoxic death. The COP-BLAM infusional protocols are highly effective, tolerable regiments that are applicable in community hospitals and can yield good response rates, with a high percentage of disease-free survivors in all age groups. The treatment can be completed in a short period with acceptable toxicity.
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PMID:COP-BLAM multidrug infusion chemotherapies for lymphoma: results in a community hospital setting. 768 8

We evaluated recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF; Sandoz Pharma [Basel, Switzerland]/Schering-Plough [Kenilworth, NJ]) as an adjunct to a modified (mainly cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin increased 1.5-fold) COP-BLAM regimen in the primary treatment of high-grade malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). Patients (n = 182; stage II-IV; age, 15 to 73 years) were randomized to rhGM-CSF (400 micrograms) or placebo for 7 days subcutaneously after chemotherapy. Efficacy was analyzed for patients receiving at least 70% of study medication (n = 125). The frequency of clinically relevant infection was reduced by rhGM-CSF (28 v 69 infections, 16 v 30 patients, P = .02) with a cumulative probability of remaining infection free in 70% versus 48% (P = .05 log rank test at 190 days). Periods of neutropenia (P = .01 in 5 of 6 courses), days with fever (2.1 v 4.0, P = .04) and days of hospitalization for infection (3.5 v 8.0 days, P = .01) were significantly reduced. Complete response (CR) rates, assessed by prognostic risk, were 15 of 19 (79%) in treated versus 20 of 21 (95%) in controls in the low-risk group (P = .12). In the high-risk group, 31 of 45 (69%) treated patients achieved CR versus 25 of 52 (48%) of controls (P = .04). No difference in survival has been seen after 1 year. Only injection site reactions (45% treated v 7% controls) and rash (26% v 2%) occurred more frequently in treated patients (n = 176). These data show that rhGM-CSF is well tolerated in most patients with NHL, significantly reduces infection, and improves response.
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PMID:Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III study of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as adjunct to induction treatment of high-grade malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 798 Aug 2


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