Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A wide variety of primary and metastatic human neoplasms express somatostatin receptors (SS-Rs). We evaluated the SS-R status of malignant lymphomas that had been surgically removed from 31 patients by use of in vitro SS-R autoradiography with the SS analog 125I-[Tyr3]-octreotide as radioligand. Of 11 low-grade-malignancy B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, 10 were SS-R-positive, with a high receptor density restricted to the neoplastic follicles. All of the 8 intermediate-grade lymphomas were SS-R-positive. Of the B-cell lymphomas of high-grade malignancy, 7 out of 10 were SS-R-positive, often with a high density of receptors. One T-cell lymphoma and one Hodgkin's lymphoma were also positive. SS-Rs were of high affinity (KD = 1.2 nM) and specific for bioactive SS analogs. In 4 patients, the lymphomas were localized in vivo by use of gamma-camera scintigraphy after i.v. injection of the SS analog 111In-[DTPA-D-Phe1]-octreotide. Hot spots, identified in all 4 patients, corresponded to SS-R-positive malignant-lymphoma tissue, as confirmed by receptor autoradiography of the surgically removed tumors. Our data show that SS-Rs are valuable pathobiochemical tissue markers and potentially useful in vivo diagnostic tools for human malignant lymphomas.
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PMID:In vitro and in vivo detection of somatostatin receptors in human malignant lymphomas. 134 40

Various tumors of neuroendocrine origin that have amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) characteristics can be visualized in vivo after intravenous (IV) injection of the somatostatin analogue, [123I-Tyr3]-octreotide. However, the relatively short effective half-life of this compound and the high background of radioactivity in the abdomen are drawbacks to its application. Therefore, an 111In-coupled somatostatin analogue ([111In-DTPA-D-Phe1]- octreotide) was developed. This analogue is excreted mainly via the kidneys, with 90% of the dose being present in the urine 24 hours after injection. Using 111In-octreotide scintigraphy, seven of seven gastrinomas, four of seven insulinomas, one of one glucagonomas, three of three unclassified APUDomas, and none of 18 exocrine pancreatic carcinomas were visualized. Also, 19 of 19 carcinoids, 15 of 15 glomus tumors, eight of 12 medullary thyroid carcinomas, six of six small-cell lung carcinomas, four of four growth hormone-producing and six of nine clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas were visualized. Apart from APUD cell-derived tumors, 111In-octreotide scintigraphy was also successfully applied in visualizing breast cancer, lymphomas, and granulomas. In 39 of 50 patients with breast carcinoma, 10 of 11 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, three of three patients with Hodgkin's disease, and eight of eight patients with sarcoidosis, tumor sites accumulated radioactivity during octreotide scintigraphy. In a considerable number of patients with carcinoids and glomus tumors, and also in patients with granulomas and lymphomas, 111In-octreotide scintigraphy showed more tumor sites than did conventional imaging techniques. The results of imaging in vivo correlated with the somatostatin-receptor status on the tumors in vitro.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:111In-octreotide scintigraphy in oncology. 135 91

Eleven cases of thyroid lymphoma were studied by the immunoperoxidase avidin-biotin technique with calcitonin and somatostatin rabbit antisera. In 6 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, in thyroid tissue residual to the lymphomatous infiltration, the C cell density was markedly increased and clustering was often observed; the C cells often took part in the follicular lining, frequently with polar distribution; these elements displayed a strong positivity for calcitonin, while the number of somatostatin-containing cells was lower and the staining less intense. In the only case of Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid gland the staining was negative; in other 4 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma no residual thyroid tissue was found and the staining was also negative. As Hashimoto's thyroiditis is often associated with thyroid lymphoma, 13 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis were also studied; no C cells were observed and both stainings were negative. These data show that an increase in the C cell number may be a hallmark of thyroid lymphoma and that hyperplastic C cells show an intensive positivity for calcitonin. On the other hand, C cell hyperplasia is not present in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, in spite of the close association with thyroid lymphoma. Furthermore, we provide evidence that somatostatin-containing cells are present both in normal thyroid glands and in thyroid lymphoma.
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PMID:Distribution of calcitonin- and somatostatin-containing cells in thyroid lymphoma and in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. 256 76

Patients with Hodgkin's or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are staged for treatment based on the extent of known disease involvement and the histopathologic grading of the disease. Radiological techniques, including computed tomography, usually depend on estimates of lymph node enlargement and mass effects as the criterion for disease involvement. Lymphomatous tissue obtained at surgery has shown high-density somatostatin receptors. Several groups have evaluated the utility of 111In-DTPA-pentetreotide (Octreoscan, Mallinckrodt, St. Louis, MO) to detect lymphomatous tissue for more accurate staging of patients with lymphoma. The procedure is safe; both Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkins disease involvement is identified. The results, however, have not been uniformly predictive of disease involvement. Consequently, the routine use of this technique in place of currently used anatomic imaging methods is not recommended at this time. The significance of detecting somatostatin receptors in vivo in patients with malignant lymphoma requires further study.
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PMID:Somatostatin-receptor imaging in lymphoma. 757 45

We report a case of non-Hodgkin lymphoma presenting as a painless mass of the quadriceps femoris muscle that was detected by a somatostatin analogue (octreotide) scintigraphy. We review the few reported cases of primary muscular lymphoma and discuss the potential value of octreotide imaging as a new diagnostic tool.
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PMID:A rare case of primary skeletal muscle lymphoma: the value of octreotide scintigraphy. 764 18

Histologically normal liver biopsy specimens from patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma were investigated with three immunohistochemical methods for the occurrence of peptidergic nerve fibers and endocrine cells. Numerous immunoreactive nerve fibers were seen with antisera against peripheral nerves markers (neuron-specific enolase, neurofilament protein, and S-100). These nerve fibers were localized in the tunica media of branches of both the hepatic artery and portal vein, around the bile ducts, and in the connective tissue of the interlobular septa. In the liver, 10 types of peptidergic nerve fibers were detected: glucagon-, glucagon-like peptide- (GLP), somatostatin-, neuropeptide Y- (NPY), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, neurotensin-, gastrin/cholecystokinin C-terminus-, substance P-, serotonin-, and galanin-immunoreactive nerve fibers. GLP-, somatostatin-, NPY-, neurotensin-, substance P-, and galanin-immunoreactive nerve fibers were abundant; the other nerve fibers were scarce. The nerve fibers showed two distinct patterns of distribution: they occurred in the blood vessel wall and in connective tissue of the interlobular septum. Pancreatic polypeptide- and NPY-immunoreactive cells were found among the lining epithelial cells of the bile ducts in the interlobular septum.
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PMID:Peptidergic innervation and endocrine cells in the human liver. 769 56

Primary human neoplasms were examined for the presence of substance-P receptors by receptor autoradiography with 125I-labelled Bolton-Hunter substance P. Substance-P receptors were localized and characterized in the neoplastic cells of 9/12 astrocytomas, 10/10 glioblastomas, 10/12 medullary thyroid carcinomas, 8/16 breast carcinomas and 4/5 ganglioneuroblastomas. Conversely, substance-P receptors were not or only rarely identified on non-small-cell carcinomas of the lung (1/16), neuroblastomas (0/8), adenocarcinomas of the colon (1/21) or the pancreas (1/9), or on malignant lymphomas (3/18). However, in the great majority of the investigated tumours, substance-P receptors were found on intra- and peritumoral blood vessels. All substance-P receptors detected had the pharmacological characteristics of the neurokinin-I receptor sub-type. In addition, the expression of somatostatin receptors was examined in all the neoplastic tissues mentioned above. Both substance-P and somatostatin receptors were present in astrocytomas and in ganglioneuroblastomas, whereas little or no receptor was found in pancreatic and non-small-cell lung carcinomas. The extent of somatostatin-receptor expression was inversely correlated to that of the substance-P receptors in glioblastomas, neuroblastomas and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The tumoral and vascular localization of substance-P receptors in tumours may have clinical implications. The use of radiolabelled substance P for in vivo scintigraphy may supplement the current set of diagnostic tools. Substance-P antagonists might be used in the treatment of tumours, as their binding to vascular receptors may decrease tumoral blood supply and drainage.
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PMID:Substance-P receptors in human primary neoplasms: tumoral and vascular localization. 779 Jan 12

Normal as well as activated lymphocytes, macrophages and leukaemic cells have previously been shown by radio receptor analysis to express receptors for somatostatin. An 111In labelled somatostatin analogue was already used successfully in the visualization of a variety of neuro-endocrine tumours. We investigated 10 consecutive patients with malignant lymphomas (Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas). In all patients the lymphoma deposits could be visualized with somatostatin receptor imaging. In four patients additional tumour localizations were observed as compared to the results of combined physical and radiological (CT and ultrasound) examinations. In four cases tissue biopsies were taken and confirmed by autoradiography to be somatostatin receptor positive. These data indicate that malignant lymphomas may express somatostatin receptors in sufficient numbers and density to allow in vivo tumour visualization with a radiolabelled somatostatin analogue.
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PMID:Somatostatin analogue scintigraphy of malignant lymphomas. 809 27

Various tumors of neuroendocrine origin that have amine precursor and decarboxylation (APUD) characteristics can be visualized in vivo after intravenous injection of the somatostatin analogue [123I-Tyr3]-octreotide. However, the relatively short effective half-life of this compound and the high background of radioactivity in the abdomen are drawbacks in its application. Therefore, an 111In-coupled somatostatin analogue ([111In-DTPA-D-Phe1]-octreotide) was developed. This analogue is excreted mainly via the kidneys, 90% of the dose being present in the urine 24 h after injection. Using 111In-octreotide scintigraphy, 7 out of 7 gastrinomas, 4 out of 7 insulinomas, 1 out of 1 glucagonoma, 3 out of 3 unclassified apudomas, but none out of 18 exocrine pancreatic carcinomas were visualized. Also, 19 out of 19 carcinoids, 15 out of 15 glomus tumors, 8 out of 12 medullary thyroid carcinomas, 6 out of 6 small cell lung carcinomas, 4 out of 4 growth hormone-producing and 6 out of 9 clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas were visualized. Apart from APUD-cell-derived tumors, 111In-octreotide scintigraphy was also successfully applied to visualize breast cancer, lymphomas and granulomas. In 39 out of 50 patients with breast carcinoma, 10 out of 11 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas, 3 out of 3 patients with Hodgkin's disease, and 8 out of 8 patients with sarcoidosis, tumor sites accumulated radioactivity during octreotide scintigraphy. In a considerable number of patients with carcinoids and glomus tumors, but also in patients with granulomas and lymphomas, 111In-octreotide scintigraphy revealed more tumor sites than did conventional imaging techniques.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:111In-octreotide scintigraphy in oncology. 835 73

Somatostatin receptor imaging (SRI) was carried out as part of the initial staging of 26 patients with histologically proven Hodgkin's (3) and non-Hodgkin's (23) lymphoma, and in the assessment of the first treatment's efficacy in seven of these patients. Static acquisitions over the whole body were performed 4 and 24 h after intravenous administration of 150 MBq of indium-111 pentetreotide. SRI data were compared with the results of conventional methods (clinical data, abdominal and thoracic computed tomography, bone marrow biopsy). Only 50 of the 86 (58%) confirmed extra-medullary tumour sites were detected by SRI. Twelve previously unknown localizations were visualized in seven patients. The Ann Arbor clinical stage was modified in only one of them. When tumoral tracer uptake was present, a tumour uptake index (TUI) was calculated using two regions of interest (one over the tumoral hot spot and one over the shoulder) on 24-h planar images. The patients were classified into three groups: high tumour uptake (TUI > 2.5 in all tumour sites, group A, six patients), low tumour uptake (1.5 < TUI < 2.5 in all tumour sites, group B, 18 patients), and no tumour uptake (group C, two patients). The sensitivity of SRI detection was higher in group A (90%) than in group B (52%) (P < 0.001). Six weeks after the fourth chemotherapy cycle, conventional methods and SRI were concordant in five of seven investigated cases (four complete remissions and one residual active thoracic mass showing tracer uptake), and discordant in two. SRI demonstrated residual tumoral tracer uptake in these two patients, who had previously been considered to be in complete remission. In conclusion, SRI does not seem to be reliable for the initial staging of lymphomas because of the highly variable and usually low tumoral tracer uptake. It may be more useful in the diagnosis of residual masses after treatment. However, further studies are needed to assess its specificity.
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PMID:Indium-111 pentetreotide scintigraphy in malignant lymphomas. 854 92


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