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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adhesion molecules play an important role in the functioning of the immune system, particularly with regard to cell-cell interactions and antigen presentation. Several adhesion molecules are expressed on Hodgkin's disease-derived cell lines and these are important in their molecular interactions as antigen presenting cells (APC). There are no data regarding the expression of many of these adhesion molecules on Reed-Sternberg cells and its mononuclear variant (Hodgkin's cells (HC)) present in pathological material. To obtain this information we undertook an immunohistological study on material from 18 cases of Hodgkin's disease using a panel of MoAbs to examine the expression of adhesion molecules on HC. The HC were shown to express the integrin beta 1 subfamily molecules, LFA-1 (CD11a) and p150,95 (CD11c) in high density but lacked CR3 (CD11b). All of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily adhesion molecules studied were present to some degree on HC, with ICAM-2, in particular, showing moderate to strong expression in most cases. The Hermes antigen CD44 was present in high density but leukosialin (CD43), another molecule present on diverse leucocyte types, was, in general, not detected on HC. These new data showing that ICAM-1, ICAM-2 and LFA-3 are, like LFA-1, expressed on HC emphasize the ability of HC to act as APC. The known adhesion molecule phenotype of the recently defined haematopoietic lineage of human dendritic cells (DC) is broadly similar to that of HC, perhaps supporting the hypothesis that some HC represent a malignancy of an APC (DC) lineage.
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PMID:Hodgkin's cells express a novel pattern of adhesion molecules. 139 91

The case is described of a 62-year-old man with a 10-year history of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) who subsequently had a large-cell anaplastic or so-called Ki-1-positive lymphoma. Immunocytochemical staining of the lymphomatous node revealed positivity for Ki-1 (CD30) and epithelial membrane antigen in the tumor cells, and flow cytometric analysis showed simultaneous expression of Leu M5 (CD11c) and Leu 14 (CD22). Although HCL has been reported to coexist with both Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the authors believe this is the first case in which a Ki-1-positive lymphoma developed in a patient with HCL. The clinicopathologic and immunologic features of both entities are discussed, as is the association of HCL with other neoplasms.
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PMID:Ki-1-positive lymphoma developing 10 years after the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia. 164 69

The authors determined the phenotypes of neoplastic cells in true histiocytic lymphoma and malignant histiocytosis by using a large panel of monoclonal antibodies and enzyme histochemistry procedures. Although the phenotypes overlapped slightly, the authors noted a distinct pattern in these tumors. The tumor cells of malignant histiocytosis generally expressed the monocyte markers CD11b, CD11c, CD14, and CD45, especially after induction with phorbol ester. In contrast, the tumor cells of true histiocytic lymphoma exhibited a marker expression very similar to that of Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's disease. These cells expressed markers CD30, 2H9, and 1A2, but rarely expressed CD11b, CD11c, CD14, or CD45. Regardless of their cytologic features, the tumor cells from both types of histiocytic lymphoma exhibited diffuse nonspecific esterase and acid phosphatase activities, and they expressed histiocyte markers CD15, CD68, LN5, 1E9, and M387 to varying degrees. The tumor cells from both lymphomas did not exhibit T- or B-cell markers, T-cell receptor or immunoglobulin gene rearrangements, or gene translation products, even when they were induced with phorbol ester. The phenotypic expression in these two histiocytic malignancies suggests that they are derived from different types of histiocytes, or from histiocytes in different stages of maturation or differentiation, or from histiocytes that have distinct mechanisms of tumorigenic transformation. The expression of circulating monocyte markers in malignant histiocytosis suggests that this tumor originates in monocytes or free histiocytes, whereas the phenotype of true histiocytic lymphoma is compatible with an origin in fixed histiocytes, which generally are devoid of the monocyte markers CD11b and CD14.
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PMID:Lymphomas of true histiocytic origin. Expression of different phenotypes in so-called true histiocytic lymphoma and malignant histiocytosis. 164 37

Two Hodgkin's Reed-Sternberg cell (H-RS) lines, HDLM-1 and KM-H2, have phenotypes and functional properties very similar to those of H-RS cells in tissues. These two types of cells were induced to differentiate with a combination of phorbol ester, retinoic acid, and extracellular matrix. The induced cells displayed the morphology of histiocytes or histiocytelike cells, with a small, round or oval, eccentric nucleus and abundant cytoplasm. In ultrastructural studies, many cytoplasmic projections and rugae were observed. These induced cells exhibited abundant cytoplasmic lysosomal enzymes, such as esterase, acid phosphatase, alpha 1-antitrypsin, or lysozyme. The histiocytic nature of these induced cells was further confirmed by the increased expression of many monocyte/histiocyte markers, including CD11b, CD11c, CD13, CD14, CD15, CD33, CD68, Mac387, and 1E9. In functional tests, the induced cells were shown to produce interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and/or prostaglandin E2. Phagocytosis was detected in less than 5% to 10% of the cells when Candida albicans was added to cultures. The results strongly suggest that H-RS cells are related to cells of histiocyte lineage.
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PMID:Cultured Reed-Sternberg cells HDLM-1 and KM-H2 can be induced to become histiocytelike cells. H-RS cells are not derived from lymphocytes. 216 11

We have previously shown a novel galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine specific lectin activity (Hodgkin's disease (HD) lectin) on the surface of cultured HD cells (lines L428, its variants, and line L540) to mediate lymphocyte adhesion. We here demonstrate that both surface membrane-bound and secreted HD lectin activities participate in the activation of agglutinated lymphocytes. Among known adhesion molecules expressed by the HD cells, only the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) contributed to this activation as an alternative PBL binding site. As yet we have not identified the cellular ligand(s) for the HD lectin on the lymphocyte surface. Pretreatment of lymphocytes with mAb to the accessory molecules CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD11b, or CD11c did not interfere with their response to HD cells. mAb to CD11a (LFA-1), the alleged ligand of ICAM-1, inhibited the ICAM-1 but not the HD lectin-mediated lymphocyte stimulation. Although lymphocyte binding could proceed via either pathway, lymphocyte activation always depended upon factors secreted by the HD cells, one of which we identified as a soluble form of the HD lectin based on its shared properties with the membrane-bound form including immunologic cross-recognition and carbohydrate-binding specificity. Although HD cell-conditioned medium alone stimulated lymphocytes, HD cell plasma membranes could compensate for low concentrations of this medium. In addition, resting lymphocytes, normally unresponsive, were triggered into DNA synthesis by growth medium when cocultured with HD cell membranes. The unique functions of the surface-expressed HD lectin and its soluble counterpart as lymphocyte adhesion molecule and mitogen might be physiologically relevant to the severe immunodeficiencies occurring in patients with HD.
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PMID:Hodgkin's cell lectin, a lymphocyte adhesion molecule and mitogen. 253 Feb 80

The normal counterpart of the Reed-Sternberg cell and its mononuclear variant, collectively referred to as Hodgkin's cells (HC), remains controversial. The possibility that HC are malignant dendritic cells was tested by using a panel of 38 monoclonal antibodies to phenotype the cells from 16 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD), excluding lymphocyte-predominant HD, and the Hodgkin's cell line L428. The results were then compared with the known phenotype of human dendritic cells. HC stained strongly for HLA Class I and Class II antigens. The leucocyte common antigen was weakly expressed in most cases. Expression of T and B cell markers was unusual, with the exception of the CD40 antigen which was found on a majority of HC. HC commonly expressed the CD11a, CR4 (CD11c), CD15, CD18 and a number of activation antigens but did not stain with a variety of macrophage-specific antibodies. The antigenic phenotype of L428 and the HC of case material were similar. This immunocytological analysis failed to support a lymphocyte or macrophage origin for HC. Instead the antigenic phenotype of the Reed-Sternberg cell and its mononuclear variant more closely resembles that of dendritic cells than of any other haemopoietic cell normally resident in lymph nodes.
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PMID:Nodular sclerosing, mixed cellularity and lymphocyte-depleted variants of Hodgkin's disease are probable dendritic cell malignancies. 278 13

Hodgkin's mononuclear cells, Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells, and U-937 and SU-DHL-1 histocytic cell lines were induced to differentiate by phorbol ester in cultures. The phenotypes of cells were determined by a panel of antibodies specific for monocytes, histiocytes, and interdigitating reticulum cells. Before induction, SU-DHL-1 cells and H-RS cells expressed similar markers, such as HeFi-1, 2H9, 1A2, and 1E9. In addition, SU-DHL-1 cells were also stained by Tac and Leu M5. Other monocyte markers, including OK M1, Co Mo2, BRL Mo1, BRL Mo2, and Leu M3 were consistently negative in both types of cells. After induction, SU-DHL-1 cells conserved the same phenotype, but H-RS cells became negative for HeFi-1, 1A2, and 2H9. The U-937 cells expressed Leu M1 and Co Mo2 and became positive for Leu M5, OK M1, Co Mo2, BRL Mo2, 2H9, and 1E9 after phorbol ester induction. The U-937 cells did not express HeFi-1 or 1A2. The marker expression of H-RS cells, SU-DHL-1 cells, and U-937 cells were compared with those of histiocytes or interdigitating reticulum cells in lymphoid tissues and with neoplastic cells in true histiocytic lymphoma and malignant histiocytosis. It is concluded that SU-DHL-1, U-937, and H-RS cells are derived from or most closely related to fixed histiocytes, free histiocytes, and interdigitating reticulum cells, respectively. Our study further confirms the diagnosis of SU-DHL-1 as true histiocytic lymphoma but reveals that U-937 is a case of malignant histiocytosis rather than the previously diagnosed histiocytic lymphoma. The phenotypes and induction properties of SU-DHL-1 cells are quite different from those of U-937 cells, which suggests that true histiocytic lymphoma and malignant histiocytosis are two distinct disease entities.
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PMID:Phenotypes and phorbol ester-induced differentiation of human histiocytic lymphoma cell lines (U-937 and SU-DHL-1) and Reed-Sternberg cells. 351 21

Diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBLs) represent a heterogeneous collection of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas that can arise either de novo or as a result of transformation from chronic lymphocytic leukemia, small lymphocytic lymphoma, follicular lymphomas, or lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. A small percentage of DLBLs express the CD5 antigen. The majority of these cases have evolved from a pre-existing low grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (Richter's syndrome). However, we identified and characterized nine CD5-positive DLBLs in which the patients did not have a previous history or concomitant evidence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, small lymphocytic lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, or mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, suggesting that they arose de novo. All nine cases expressed CD20 and monotypic immunoglobulin, all eight cases examined expressed CD19, CD22 and CD43, eight of the nine cases expressed HLA-DR, and two of eight cases expressed CD11c. None of the cases expressed CD3, CD10, CD11b, CD21, CD23 or CD30. CD5 expression by these cells was found to be identical to that of CD5-positive B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of CD5 mRNA. These nine de novo CD5-positive DLBLs exhibited clonal immunoglobulin heavy and light chain gene rearrangements but lacked integration of the Epstein-Barr virus genome and structural alterations of the bcl-1, bcl-2, c-myc, H-ras, K-ras, and N-ras proto-oncogenes and the p53 tumor suppressor gene. However, bcl-6 proto-oncogene rearrangement, which is involved in chromosome band 3q27 aberrations, was found in four cases (44.4%). This is comparable with the frequency of bcl-6 gene rearrangement in CD5-negative DLBL. In contrast, bcl-6 gene rearrangement was absent in six cases of DLBL associated with Richter's syndrome. These findings suggest that de novo CD5-positive DLBLs are genotypically similar to CD5-negative DLBLs and may be pathogenetically distinct from the DLBLs associated with Richter's syndrome.
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PMID:De novo CD5-positive and Richter's syndrome-associated diffuse large B cell lymphomas are genotypically distinct. 754 11

Bryostatin 1 (Bryo1), a macrocyclic lactone and a protein kinase C activator, is extracted and purified from the marine bryozoan Bugula neritina. In this study we describe its effect on morphology, surface immunophenotype, acid phosphatase (AcP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), proliferation and cell cycle of non-Hodgkin's B-lymphoma cell lines representing four differentiation stages. Except for the WSU-BL, a high-grade SCNCL, all other cell lines showed obvious changes in their morphology when treated with 200 nM Bryo1. Phenotypically, a dramatic decrease of CD10 and induction of CD11c and BL7 on some cell lines consistent with further B-cell differentiation was seen. The lines in control cultures showed variable expression of AcP and TRAP. Following treatment with Bryo1, there was a general increase in AcP expression except in WSU-BL line. WSU-FSCCL and WSU-DLCL were TRAP-negative but became TRAP-positive when treated with Bryo1. Cell growth and cycle analysis during treatment of different cell lines revealed evidence of strong, moderate, or no growth inhibition by Bryo1 compared with control cultures. Our results indicate that Bryo1 shows differentiation effects on low-grade FSCCL, intermediate-grade FLCL and high-grade DLCL, and stimulatory or no effect on high-grade SCNCL. Since Bryo1 does not have tumor-promoting activity, it has a potential therapeutic role as a B-cell differentiating agent.
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PMID:Differential effects of bryostatin 1 on human non-Hodgkin's B-lymphoma cell lines. 842 74

Results of immunophenotypic examinations of peripheral blood and/or bone marrow (BM), involved in low-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, were compared with the results of cytomorphological and histopathological examinations in 133 adult patients. 69 cases of chronic B-lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL), 16 centrocytic (CC) lymphomas, 14 centroblastic-centrocytic (CB/CC) lymphomas, 15 immunocytomas (IC), 10 cases of hairy cell leukaemia (HCL), four prolymphocytic leukaemias (PLL), two B-CLL in transformation, one splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes (SLVL), one hairy cell leukaemia variant (HCL-V), and one lymphocytic lymphoma (LC) were classified according to the Kiel and/or FAB classification. Leukaemic disease was found in 105 cases. The following markers were used for immunocytology (APAAP technique) of blood and/or BM smears: CD19, CD5, CD10, CD11c, CD14, CD21, CD22, CD23, CD25, CD38 and TdT. All cases tested showed CD19, but no TdT expression. Every case of HCL had a distinct phenotype with expression of CD11c, CD22 and CD25 and the lack of CD5 and CD23 antigens. In all other NHL cases a very heterogenous expression of CD-antigens with no significant correlations to the cytomorphological subtypes was found. The expression of CD5 is a frequent but inconstant finding in lymphoproliferative diseases other than B-CLL, so 50% of CB/CC, 75% of CC and 80% of IC were CD5 positive. Our results indicate that, with the exception of HCL, the diagnostic relevance of immunophenotyping for the classification of cytomorphologically and histopathologically defined subtypes in blood and/or BM is of very limited value.
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PMID:Immunophenotyping of low-grade B-cell lymphoma in blood and bone marrow: poor correlation between immunophenotype and cytological/histological classification. 825 6


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