Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The number of lymphocytes forming spontaneous rosettes with sheep erythrocytes, a property of thymus-dependent (T) cells, and the number of lymphocytes bearing surface immunoglobulins, a characteristic feature of bone marrow-dependent (B) cells, were determined in the peripheral blood of normals and of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and Hodgkin's disease. As compared with normal individuals CLL patients had an increased percentage of lymphocytes with membrane-bound immunoglobulins, whereas the proportion of rosette-forming lymphocytes was reduced. In Hodgkin's disease either normal, diminished, or increased B cell values were obtained; the percentage of T cells was decreased or within the lower range of normals. Lymphocyte transformation by various mitogenic agents in vitro may be regarded as a model of lymphocyte reactivity during immunologic processes in vivo. In order to study the functional capacity of lymphocytes in CLL and Hodgkin's disease in comparison with normal cells, purified peripheral blood lymphocytes from normals and patients with these diseases were incubated in vitro with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) over 7 to 11 days. DNA synthesis was determined by incorporation of 3-H-thymidine. The cyto-architectural features of the cells before and during incubation with these phytomitogens were studied by electron microscopy. Planimetric measurements were performed on micrographs of comparable cell sections (through nucleus and Golgi zone) for the determiniation of cell, nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial area. Furthermore, the number of mitochondria and of membrane-bounded acid phosphatase-positive lysosome-like organelles was determined in comparable sections of unstimulated and mitogen transformed lymphocytes.
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PMID:[T and B lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and Hodgkin's disease. Electron microscopic and immunologic studies]. 4 38

We studied Reed-Sternberg cells from 14 patients with Hodgkin's disease to learn whether they had monoclonal immunoglobulin synthesized by the cell or polyclonal immunoglobulin of external origin. Double-label immunofluorescence with F(ab')2 anti-serums to human light chains showed that cytoplasmic immunoglobulin of individual Reed-Sternberg cells is always polyclonal and usually associated with membrane-bound immunoglobulin of the same type. The predominant immunoglobulin was IgG; in one case IgM was also present. In vitro studies confirmed the internalization of exogenous IgG and phagocytosis of immune complexes by viable Reed-Sternberg cells. Their exclusion of trypan blue dye and lack of albumin and fibrinogen suggests relatively specific uptake of immunoglobulin, mediated by the Fc receptor or antigen (or antigens) associated with Hodgkin's disease at the cell membrane. Our studies support other recent evidence that the Reed-Sternberg cell is derived from a macrophage.
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PMID:Exogenous immunoglobulin and the macrophage origin of Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's disease. 10 41

We have studied the thrombocytopenia of lymphoproliferative disorders using a measurement of membrane-bound IgG by an antiglobulin consumption assay. Nine patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and thrombocytopenia had increased membrane-bound IgG. Two patients with non-Hodgkins lymphoma and 1 patient with Hodgkins disease also had thrombocytopenia and increased membrane-bound IgG. Five of the patients with CLL had positive direct antiglobulin (Coombs) tests on red cells; of these, 3 patients had hemolytic anemia. In eight of the 9 patients with CLL, thrombocytopenia, and increased platelet-bound-IgG, the platelet count increased with the administration of prednisone or an alkylating agent, with splenectomy, or with a combination of these.
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PMID:Immune thrombocytopenia in lymphoproliferative diseases. 42 6

Using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) we were able to detect a soluble form of the CD30 antigen (CD30s) in the supernatant of cell lines expressing membrane-bound CD30 and in T and B cells after transformation with human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) and Epstein-Barr-Virus (EBV). While CD30s was not found in 250 healthy controls, it was detected in the sera of patients with Hodgkin's disease (23/100), anaplastic large-cell (6/9), angioimmunoblastic (2/2) and one unclassified high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), as well as in 18/20 patients with acute adult T-cell leukemia (ATL, HTLV-I-positive). It was absent in a large number of patients with other high-grade NHL, all low-grade NHLs, acute or chronic leukemias and solid tumors. The only non-malignant disease with detectable levels of CD30s was infectious mononucleosis (9/10). The membrane-bound form of CD30 has a molecular weight of 120 kDa. Western blot analysis revealed that CD30s in the serum of patients has a molecular weight of 88 kDa, identical to the antigen released by cell lines in vitro. CD30s disappeared in all originally positive cases after successful treatment and reappeared in relapsing patients. Thus, CD30s may be useful as a specific marker for disease activity of certain types of lymphoma and ATL.
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PMID:Detection of a soluble form of the CD30 antigen in sera of patients with lymphoma, adult T-cell leukemia and infectious mononucleosis. 215 38

We have previously shown a novel galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine specific lectin activity (Hodgkin's disease (HD) lectin) on the surface of cultured HD cells (lines L428, its variants, and line L540) to mediate lymphocyte adhesion. We here demonstrate that both surface membrane-bound and secreted HD lectin activities participate in the activation of agglutinated lymphocytes. Among known adhesion molecules expressed by the HD cells, only the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) contributed to this activation as an alternative PBL binding site. As yet we have not identified the cellular ligand(s) for the HD lectin on the lymphocyte surface. Pretreatment of lymphocytes with mAb to the accessory molecules CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD11b, or CD11c did not interfere with their response to HD cells. mAb to CD11a (LFA-1), the alleged ligand of ICAM-1, inhibited the ICAM-1 but not the HD lectin-mediated lymphocyte stimulation. Although lymphocyte binding could proceed via either pathway, lymphocyte activation always depended upon factors secreted by the HD cells, one of which we identified as a soluble form of the HD lectin based on its shared properties with the membrane-bound form including immunologic cross-recognition and carbohydrate-binding specificity. Although HD cell-conditioned medium alone stimulated lymphocytes, HD cell plasma membranes could compensate for low concentrations of this medium. In addition, resting lymphocytes, normally unresponsive, were triggered into DNA synthesis by growth medium when cocultured with HD cell membranes. The unique functions of the surface-expressed HD lectin and its soluble counterpart as lymphocyte adhesion molecule and mitogen might be physiologically relevant to the severe immunodeficiencies occurring in patients with HD.
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PMID:Hodgkin's cell lectin, a lymphocyte adhesion molecule and mitogen. 253 Feb 80

The distinction between peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) and Hodgkin's disease (HD), particularly HD of the mixed cellularity subtype (HDMC), can be difficult at times using current morphologic criteria. This study assessed the value of using mitotic activity and pericapsular invasion in discriminating between the two diseases. Mitotic activity was evaluated in 64 cases of HDNS (nodular sclerosis), 51 of HDMC, 14 of HDLP (lymphocyte predominant), 7 of HDLD (lymphocyte depleted), and 28 cases of PTCL. The number of mitoses in random high-power fields (hpf) was counted independently by two observers. Interobserver agreement on mitotic counts was achieved with a 0.97 coefficient of correlation. Statistical analyses demonstrated significant differences in mitotic counts between HD and PTCL (p less than 0.01), but not within the subtypes of HD. A value of greater than 20 mitoses/20 hpf was obtained in only 10% of HD, in contrast to 70% of PTCL. The mitotic rate was greater than 40/20 hpf in 43% of PTCL, but in no case of HD. In addition, perinodal extension of disease was a significant differentiating feature between PTCL and HD, especially HDMC (p less than 0.001). There was also a significant difference in the age distribution between patients in the two disease groups, with PTCL being seen more frequently in the older age group. The results of this study confirm that counting of mitoses is reproducible, and that mitotic activity and the presence of pericapsular disease are two additional morphologic criteria that are helpful in making the distinction between HD and PTCL.
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PMID:Differential diagnosis between T-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease: the value of mitotic counts and pericapsular infiltration. 278 14

Twenty-two cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD), representing the 4 different subclasses, were studied by immunophenotypic and immunogenotypic analysis. Quantitative immunophenotypic analysis of HD infiltrates showed a predominance of CD3-positive T cells in all subtypes except the lymphocytic depletion (HDLD) subtype. Only 5 samples of HD [2 of lymphocytic predominance (HDLP), 2 of mixed cellularity (HDMC), and one of nodular sclerosis type (HDNS)] were found to have both their Ig and T-cell antigen receptor (TcR) genes in the germ-line configuration. The remaining patients with HDLP (3 cases), HDNS (5 cases), and HDMC (4 cases), all exhibited rearrangements of either TcR gamma or TCR gamma and TcR beta genes, while all 5 cases of HDLD had either TCR gamma or immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene rearrangement. These results substantiate the view that Hodgkin's lymphomas contain clonal lymphocyte populations and that different rearrangement patterns may be associated with different subclasses of HD.
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PMID:Clonal rearrangements of T-cell receptor and immunoglobulin genes and immunophenotypic antigen expression in different subclasses of Hodgkin's disease. 311 31

1. Small re-aggregates of cells dissociated from the ventricles of 7-day-old chick embryonic hearts beat spontaneously in low external potassium concentration (Ko = 1.3 mM) tissue culture medium. This activity was blocked by the addition of tetrodotoxin (TTX) or potassium ions to the external medium. 2. A two-micro-electrode voltage-clamp technique was used to analyse the subthreshold currents responsible for the pace-maker depolarization. 3. Voltage-clamp steps 6-10 sec in duration revealed a time-dependent current having first order kinetics. Its membrane potential range of steady-state activation was -90 to -60 mV. 4. The current kinetics were qualitatively similar to those of Hodgkin & Huxley (1952b) with a peak time constant of approximately 1 sec at V = -75 mV. The kinetics were independent of Ko. 5. The time-dependent current was attributed to gated membrane channels. The fully activated current-voltage (I-V) relation of the channels was determined from the ratio of the amplitudes of the time-dependent currents during and after voltage-clamp steps following the procedure of Noble & Tsien (1968). 6. The fully activated I-V relation displayed inward rectification with negative slope conductance at potentials more than 15 mV positive to its reversal potential. Changes of Ko shifted the I-V curve along the voltage axis like a potassium electrode. 7. The time-independent (background) current was obtained by subtracting the gated channel current from the steady-state I-V curve. This current also rectified in the inward direction. 8. The inwardly rectifying I-V relations were theoretically described by a channel having a row of ion-selective sites along which ions move in a single file (Hodgkin & Keynes, 1955), and a membrane-bound particle which blocked the channel in a voltage-dependent manner. 9. The relationship of the voltage-clamp results to spontaneous activity is discussed and comparisons are made with measurements from whole embryonic heart and other cardiac tissues.
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PMID:Analysis of subthreshold pace-maker currents in chick embryonic heart cells. 626 65

Alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity was studied histochemically in 60 non-Hodgkin lymphomas and 10 pseudolymphomas of the skin. Among the 37 B-cell lymphomas, membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase activity was demonstrated in 8 cases. In none of the 23 cutaneous T-cell lymphomas studied could membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase be detected. Among the pseudolymphomas, 2 cases revealed alkaline phosphatase activity. It was not possible to draw any particular clinically significant conclusions from the membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase reactions. Looking for the microenvironmental conditions of lymphoproliferative processes in the skin, alkaline phosphatase-positive capillaries were seen predominantly in the T-cell lymphomas. The stromal reaction showing a proliferation of alkaline phosphatase-positive fibroblasts was more pronounced in cutaneous B-cell lymphomas. In conclusion, membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase in lymphoproliferative processes in the skin, as in the lymph node, characterize a distinct group of B lymphocytes related to follicle center cells. The clinical relevance of this finding remains to be determined.
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PMID:Alkaline phosphatase activity in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and pseudolymphomas of the skin. 660 43

A series of 80 tissues removed from patients having a variety of lymphoproliferative disorders were comparatively studied by cell suspension and cryostat frozen section tissue immunomicroscopic technics. Of 39 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas studied by cell suspension, only 18 had surface immunoglobulins (SIg) markers consistent with monotypia (46%). Conversely, immunohistochemistry showed 18 cases (92%). Among the 18 cases in which there was no correlation between immunohistochemistry and cell suspension studies (46%), a variety of cytologic variants of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas was recognized, including nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma, nodular large cell lymphoma, and a soft tissue plasmacytoma. The lack of correlation between the two technics may be due to several different mechanisms, including the selective enrichment of the suspension by nonneoplastic cell populations resulting in a sampling artifact, the disappearance of endogenous SIg in large or plasmacytoid lymphocytes, and the presence of membrane-bound exogenous polyclonal SIG. Immunohistochemistry represents a reliable, simple technic for establishing monotypia in non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphomas.
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PMID:Tissue immunomicroscopic evaluation of monoclonality of B-cell lymphomas: comparison with cell suspension studies. 678 69


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