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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The number of lymphocytes forming spontaneous rosettes with sheep erythrocytes, a property of thymus-dependent (T) cells, and the number of lymphocytes bearing surface immunoglobulins, a characteristic feature of bone marrow-dependent (B) cells, were determined in the peripheral blood of normals and of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and Hodgkin's disease. As compared with normal individuals CLL patients had an increased percentage of lymphocytes with membrane-bound immunoglobulins, whereas the proportion of rosette-forming lymphocytes was reduced. In Hodgkin's disease either normal, diminished, or increased B cell values were obtained; the percentage of T cells was decreased or within the lower range of normals. Lymphocyte transformation by various mitogenic agents in vitro may be regarded as a model of lymphocyte reactivity during immunologic processes in vivo. In order to study the functional capacity of lymphocytes in CLL and Hodgkin's disease in comparison with normal cells, purified peripheral blood lymphocytes from normals and patients with these diseases were incubated in vitro with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) over 7 to 11 days. DNA synthesis was determined by incorporation of 3-H-thymidine. The cyto-architectural features of the cells before and during incubation with these phytomitogens were studied by electron microscopy. Planimetric measurements were performed on micrographs of comparable cell sections (through nucleus and Golgi zone) for the determiniation of cell, nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial area. Furthermore, the number of mitochondria and of membrane-bounded acid phosphatase-positive lysosome-like organelles was determined in comparable sections of unstimulated and mitogen transformed lymphocytes.
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PMID:[T and B lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and Hodgkin's disease. Electron microscopic and immunologic studies]. 4 38

Progress in the chemotherapy of Hodgkin's disease and experimental therapeutic, pharmacologic, and clinical studies of the antitumor antibiotic, adriamycin, are presented in this abstract. In patients with disseminated Hodgkin's disease, the combination chemotherapy program (MOPP) produces a significant increase in the complete remission rate. This has been increased to 90% by the addition of low dose bleomycin to the MOPP program. The continuation of MOPP treatment beyond 6 months and to a total of 24 months provides improved results in patients in remission as measured either from time of onset of complete remission or from end of treatment. Finally, the pattern of relapse in patients with Hodgkin's disease provides a rationale basis for the selective use of radiotherapy in patients in complete remission. Adriamycin has a broad spectrum of antitumor activity in man. Its mechanism of action involves intercalation with DNA and inhibition of DNA function. The selective effect against tumors is not understood but may relate to membrane transport. Adriamycin is a highly important new antitumor agent for the treatment, not only of hematologic malignancies, but for a variety of solid tumors as well.
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PMID:Progress in the chemotherapy of hematologic diseases. 5 22

DNA-RNA hybridization was used to explore whether human neoplasias contain RNA molecules having sequence homologies to those of the RNA tumor viruses known to cause similar diseases in animals. The pattern of specific RNAs found in the human tumors showed a remarkable concordance with the predictions deducible from the animal systems. Thus human breast cancer contains RNA homologous only to that of the murine mammary tumor virus (MMTV). Human leukemias, sarcomas, and lymphomas (including Hodgkin's and Burkitt's) all contain RNA with sequence homology to the murine leukemia virus (RLV) and not to MMTV RNA. Finally, as in the case of the mouse, none of the human tumors examined contain RNA related in sequence to that of the avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV). The RNA detected in all of the human neoplasias was demonstrated to be of high molecular weight (1 times 10(7) daltons) and encapsulated with a reverse transcriptase in particles having densities between 1.16-1.19 g/ml. Further, the RNA of these human tumor particles was related in sequence to the murine viruses that cause the corresponding neoplasias in mice. Thus, 4 features diagnostic for the murine oncogenic viruses are satisfied by the particles found in the human cancers. Finally, it was shown by "recycling" experiments that the DNA from human leukemic cells and from lymphomatous tissue contained particle-related sequences that could not be detected in normal DNA. This finding was further substantiated by studies with identical twins in which it was shown that the leukemic twin contained particle-related sequences that could not be detected in the leukocytes of his identical healthy sibling. These findings are inconsistent with hypotheses that require chromosomal transmission in the germ line of complete copies of the information required to produce malignancy and the associated virus particles.
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PMID:Sequences related to the RNA tumor viruses in the RNA and DNA of human leukemias and lymphomas. 5 26

Similarities have been observed for some time between oncornavirus-induced malignancies in laboratory animals and leukemias and solid tumors in man. Particles similar to type C oncornaviruses have been detected by electron microscopy both in cells or plasma from leukemia patients and in solid-tumor human malignancies such as Hodgkin's lymphoma, lymphosarcomas, and sarcomas. Likewise, particles resembling type B oncornaviruses in shape and appearance have been found in human breast cancer. In neither case has the infectious nature of the particles been confirmed. However, DNA synthesized in vitro by the enzyme of murine mammary tumor virus was found to hybridize with polysomal RNA obtained from human mammary adenocarcinomas. The presence of RNA complementary to RNA from the Rauscher strain of murine leukemia virus has been observed in other human malignancies unrelated to breast cancer. It has also been found that cells of patients with myelogenous leukemia possess an oncornaviral-type reverse transcriptase that is distinguishable from other cell DNA polymerases and serologically related to the reverse transcriptase of primate oncornaviruses.
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PMID:Human studies following animal models of tumorigenesis by oncornaviruses. 7 Nov 81

A cytochemical study of a case of acute myelomonocytic leukaemia, which arose after radiation therapy and polychemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease, is presented. The distribution of the DNA content of the circulating blood cells appears to be different from the unimodal diploid distribution reported in the literature for acute myelomonocytic leukamias not associated with therapy. This finding seems to strengthen the hypothesis, already put forward by Marinone et al. (1979), that a particular pattern of DNA content distribution could be characteristic of leukaemias linked to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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PMID:A case of acute myelomonocytic leukaemia associated with therapy: Feulgen-DNA microdensitometric determinations. 9 10

Phytohemagglutinin-stimulated DNA-synthesis of lymphocytes was measured in 35 patients with Hodgkin's disease in continuous remission 1 to 8 years after intensive high-energy radiotherapy. In comparison to a normal control group we found there was no significant difference between the values of patients in complete remission and healthy subjects. We conclude that the extremely suppressed lymphocytic reactivity as measured by DNA-synthesis during irradiation may again reach normal values one or two years after radiotherapy.
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PMID:[Lymphocyte response to phytohemagglutinin-stimulation after extended radiation therapy in Hodgkin's disease (author's transl)]. 11 76

Blood lymphocytes from 9 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) were studied. The results were compared with those of 6 seminoma testis patients and 9 healthy unrelated controls. All patients were in complete and unmaintained remission more than 10 years after termination of radiotherapy. The mean T-lymphocyte count of HD patients was lower than that of controls and seminoma testis patients. Lymphocyte DNA synthesis induced by pokeweed mitogen and phytohaemagglutinin was normal in both patient groups. Concanavalin A-induced DNA synthesis was low in 4 patients with HD although the mean stimulation of the group did not differ from controls or seminoma testis patients. Lymphocyte activation by PPD was slightly decreased in the 2 patient groups. No increase in spontaneous lymphocyte DNA synthesis was observed. The responding and stimulatory capacity in mixed lymphocyte culture was decreased in 3 and 2 HD patients respectively. 4 out of the 9 patients with HD but none with seminoma testis displayed severe impairment in T-lymphocyte functions. As 1 of the 4 had been treated solely by surgery, late effects of irradiation can only partly explain the results. The results may favour a hypothesis postulating a constitutional defect contributing to the immunoincompetence in HD.
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PMID:Immunologic profile of patients with cured Hodgkin's disease. 14 26

The application of biochemical studies for the detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-DNA in human tumor cells is discussed. These studies resulted in the consistent demonstration of viral nucleic acid in African Burkitt's lymphoma biopsies and in epithelial tumor cells of nasopharyngeal carcinomas. The viral DNA resides within those cells regularly in multiple copies per cell. Besides these tumors our group detected significant concentrations of EBV-DNA in a German lymphoma patient revealing histological characteristics of Burkitt's lymphoma. Moreover, virus DNA was also found in a patient suffering from immunoblastic lymphadenopathy. More than 50 additional B-cell lymphomas and more than 40 biopsies from patients with Hodgkin's disease did not contain detectable amounts of EBV-DNA when tested by nucleic acid hybridization. A tentative scheme of EBV-induced pathogenesis is discussed.
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PMID:Biochemical approaches to detection of Epstein-Barr virus in human tumors. 17 25

A [3H[cDNA probe synthesized from the RNA genome of Rauscher murine leukemia virus (MuLVR) and purified by hybridization to MuLVR70S RNA was hybridized to DNA from human normal and hemotopoietic neoplasia tissues. This cDNA hybridized completely to its homologous 70S RNA and was free of self-complementary sequences. Sequences complementary to MuLVR cDNA were found in DNA from tissues of some patients with leukemia (2 of 8), Hodgkin's disease (3 of 10), and one patient with multiple myeloma. DNA from spleen and kidney of a patient with nonneoplastic disease did not contain detectable MuLVR-related sequences. These virus-related sequences in the DNA from these neoplastic tissues were related but not identical to MuLVR sequences because differences of approximately 6 degrees in the midpoints of thermal elution profiles were found between the heterologous and homologous duplexes. These nucleotide sequences are not the same as the proviral sequences of baboon type-C virus previously found from some other patients with leukemia [Reitz et al. (1976) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73,2113-2117; Wong-Staal et al. (1976) Nature 262, 190-195], because there is no sequence homology between nucleic acids from MuLVR and baboon virus. The absence of these nucleic acid sequences in many tissues of patients with neoplasia and from the few tissues examined from people with nonneoplastic disease suggests that they are not endogenous elements but are acquired after fertilization. Taken together with the previous detection of baboon and woolly monkey type-C viral related components in some human tumors, the results suggest acquisition of at least three types of type-C viral sequences in the human population.
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PMID:Rauscher-leukemia-virus-related sequences in human DNA: presence in some tissues of some patients with hemotopoietic neoplasias and absence in DNA from other tissues. 18 12

Sera from unselected and untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) were examined for antibodies to Epstein-Barr viral (EBV) capsid antigens (VCA). Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions were carried out with purified tuberculoprotein (PPD). Highly purified blood lymphocytes of the same patients were studied morphologically and classified for cell surface markers. Incorporation of 14C-thymidine was used as a measure of spontaneous DNA synthesis and DNA synthesis after exposure to different concentrations of three mitogens (PHA, Conconavalin A and pokeweed mitogen) and PPD. The distribution of EBV titres was in good agreement with previous reports. Most patients were lymphopenic, due to subnormal levels of T lymphocytes. The lymphocyte stimulation and skin tests showed different degrees of impairment in a considerable number of the patients. The results in 43 patients indicated that a relation exists between the immune defect and the anti-VCA titres. High serological anti-VCA reactivity was related to a poor cutaneous response to PPD, a decreased level of T lymphocytes in the blood and a depression of mitogen-induced DNA synthesis.
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PMID:Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated antibody patterns in relation to the deficiency of cell-mediated immunity in patients with Hodgkin's disease. 19 67


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