Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study was performed to see if adherent cell-derived toxic oxygen metabolites contribute to the suppression of mononuclear cell blastogenic responses in Hodgkin's disease. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 10 patients with Hodgkin's disease were stimulated in culture with the mitogen PHA in the presence of the prostaglandin inhibitor indomethacin and the antioxidants catalase or vitamin E. Patient lymphocytes showed significant increases in PHA-induced proliferation at all PHA doses when cultured with indomethacin. Further augmentation of lymphocyte proliferation was achieved with the addition of catalase or vitamin E to indomethacin in the culture system. The increases in proliferation seen on culture with these agents were greatest in patients with more depressed initial PHA responses. When adherent cells were removed before culture, the agents no longer facilitated increases in proliferation. These data suggest that abnormal lymphocyte proliferative responses seen in Hodgkin's disease may result in part from the excessive production of toxic oxygen metabolites as well as prostaglandins by adherent cell populations.
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PMID:Evidence for the involvement of monocyte-derived toxic oxygen metabolites in the lymphocyte dysfunction of Hodgkin's disease. 733 72

It has been previously demonstrated that the administration of recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) ameliorates the decrease of the polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) count after the cytotoxic chemotherapies, thereby reducing the infection complications associated with neutropenia. In this multi-center study, we studied the prophylaxtic effect of rhG-CSF administration on infection complications in patients with non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma, who received cytotoxic chemotherapies (CHOP or ProMACE/CytaBOM). rhG-CSF administration reduced the frequency of infection complications, and there was no obvious difference in it's frequency between the CHOP-treated and the ProMACE/CytaBOM-treated groups when administered with rhG-CSF, thereby indicating that third generation therapy for NHL may be safely completed in Japanese in combination with rhG-CSF administration. Furthermore, we investigated both the in vitro and the in vivo effects of rhG-CSF on the function of PMNs in patients with NHL and healthy donors, and revealed that the administration of rhG-CSF for NHL patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy brought on an improvement of the production of active oxygen but did not affect serum levels of IFNs, IL-1-beta, and IL-6, inspite of a slight elevation of TNF-alpha. Consistent with these results, in vitro treatment of PMNs with rhG-CSF induced no significant production of these inflammatory cytokines and their mRNA expressions. Furthermore, rhG-CSF administration showed no significant effects in vivo on the expression of CD11a, CD11b and LECAM-1 on PMNs and integrins on platelets.
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PMID:Effects of rhG-CSF on infection complications and impaired function of neutrophils secondary to chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Hokkaido Study Group of Malignant Lymphoma, and rhG-CSF, Japan. 754 Apr 62

A 19 year old student was admitted with generalised lymphadenopathy, paraplegia, double incontinence and weight loss in our hospital (Abuth Zaria). A histological diagnosis of lymphocytic (non-Hodgkin's) lymphoma was made on lymph node biopsy. Before treatment could be started the patient developed increasing difficulty in breathing. He was transferred to our ICU where he was noted to have developed no sustained VT. Subsequent repeated episodes did not respond to resuscitative measures (i.v. lignocaine 100 mg for five minutes, oxygen and assisted respiration). The patient died.
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PMID:Ventricular tachycardia in a patient with lymphocytic (non Hodgkin's) lymphoma. 762 3

The management of patients with treated malignant lymphomas requires functional methods to differentiate a residual soft tissue mass. Patients with treated Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL, n = 20, 68 malignant lesions, three benign lesions) or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL, n = 26, 46 malignant lesions, one benign lesion) were studied with positron emission tomography (PET) and fluorine-18 deoxyglucose (FDG). Oxygen-15 labelled water was used (n = 14, 25 lesions) in addition to FDG in order to obtain information on the tissue perfusion. Long-term follow-up studies with PET and FDG were performed in nine patients up to 511 days after the initiation of second-line therapy. Fourteen patients underwent single-photon emission tomography (SPET) with technetium-99m sestamibi immediately prior to the first PET examination. PET with FDG displays a high sensitivity for the detection of viable tumour tissue, all the malignant lesions being correctly classified in this study. The possible limitations are inflammatory processes, which may obscure tumour detection due to increased FDG uptake, and malignant lesions with low FDG uptake due to reduced perfusion. Difficulties exist in the prognosis of long-term response, since the change in FDG uptake may be variable. Long-term therapy outcome was correlated with the slope values obtained from the standardized integral uptake (SIU) data, which provides a new approach for the evaluation of PET follow-up studies. 99mTc-sestamibi, which should reflect the multidrug resistance, was evaluated with respect to therapy outcome. A high uptake of 99mTc-sestamibi was observed in patients with stable disease or better. The data support the hypothesis that sestamibi may reflect multidrug resistance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Evaluation of tumour metabolism and multidrug resistance in patients with treated malignant lymphomas. 764 52

HHV-6 infected immature T (HSB2) and Hodgkin (HDLM2) cells and biopsy tissues from lymph nodes of patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) and Kikuchi lymphadenitis (KL) were studied immunohistologically for virus antigen expression and for the oncogene/anti-oncogene products ras, bcl-2 and p53. Cell proliferation and cell death were tentatively monitored in tissue culture by PCNA staining, by viability testing and in situ end labeling of fragmented DNA. PCNA was also used in biopsy samples. KL is characterized by high incidences of focal cell death (i.e. histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis), while HD is apparently more a proliferative disease. The techniques used revealed no significant differences in the cellular expression of viral DNA or antigens among cell lines, HD or KL. The HDLM2 cell line with the superior survival after HHV-6 infection showed a significantly lower expression of p53 and PCNA than HSB2 cells. Biopsy samples from patients with KL did not express p53, and ras and PCNA were observed in fewer cells than in HD. Bcl-2, however, was significantly more frequently seen than in HD. The interpretation of the data is difficult; they suggest that there are additional regulatory influences in control of cell proliferation and cell death, such as cytokines and growth factors, which are altered after viral infection. Also, virus-induced cell death probably includes other mechanisms besides apoptosis, such as cell damage caused by oxygen radicals.
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PMID:[Apoptosis and cell proliferation in HHV-6 infections. Regulatory mechanisms of p53/bcl-2/ras interactions]. 776 57

Patients with non-Hodgkins lymphoma undergoing autologous bone marrow harvest were studied in a prospective, randomized fashion. All patients received a general anesthetic consisting of intravenous thiopental, fentanyl, and vecuronium and were ventilated with oxygen and isoflurane. Group I (19) patients also were ventilated with nitrous oxide (70%) whereas patients in Group II (19) did not receive nitrous oxide. Bone marrow samples were obtained at the beginning and end of the harvest. Viability of bone marrow mononuclear cells was assessed with a colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM) assay, CFU-GM growth is a marker for myeloid progenitor cells and is dependent on intact deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis. Rate of neutrophil engraftment after autologous bone marrow transplantation was also studied. Both groups of patients were statistically similar in age, weight, anesthetic duration, CFU-GM counts at both sample draws, and the time for successful engraftment. There appears to be no difference in bone marrow viability as assayed by both CFU-GM colony growth and engraftment in human bone marrow exposed to a general anesthetic with nitrous oxide.
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PMID:Is nitrous oxide safe for bone marrow harvest? 789 33

Arachidonate-induced aggregation and generalization of active oxygen forms (OAF) by peripheral blood neutrophils in donors were studied in donors and Hodgkin's disease patients. Leukocytes of the latter had incomplete ability to produce AOF in response to cell stimulation with arachidonic acid. The study of arachidonate-induced aggregation of neutrophils indicated no differences in the speed of the process in the patients and donors. AOF catchers did not act on the rate of leukocyte aggregation in the patients though accelerated the process in the donors. It is inferred that Hodgkin's disease is associated with dysfunction of oxygen activation by neutrophils. The findings suggest that defects in leukocytes ability to activate oxygen in Hodgkin's disease may entail deranged regulation of other processes essential for functional activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
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PMID:[A comparative study of the reactions of the peripheral blood neutrophils from donors and from lymphogranulomatosis patients to arachidonate stimulation of the cells]. 802 Jul 3

The ready access to blood (plasma and formed cellular elements) makes it unusually susceptible to the deleterious effects of pollutants whose origins may be in the air. The red blood cells' hemoglobin may be rendered useless for oxygen transport by combination with carbon monoxide or conversion to methemoglobin or sulfhemoglobin. Lead and arsine can damage the erythrocytes' membranes, resulting in anemia. Metabolites of benzene and other volatile polycyclic hydrocarbons are implicated in the causation of leukemias. The extensive use of pesticides and herbicides may be associated with the development of Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and aplastic anemia. The carcinogenic risks from ionizing radiation, especially for leukemia, are well known. More information is needed concerning the epidemiology of environmental factors responsible for damage to blood. Enhanced knowledge about the molecular biology of toxins' effects on the hematopoietic system and improved detection and prevention technologies are needed to answer environmentally related health questions.
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PMID:Blood and air pollution: state of knowledge and research needs. 863 33

The management of patients who have malignant lymphomas requires functional methods to differentiate residual soft tissue masses. Positron emission tomography (PET) was performed in patients with histologically proven malignant lymphomas prior to the onset of second-line chemotherapy to examine tumor viability. Twenty patients (68 malignant lesions and 3 benign lesions) with Hodgkin lymphomas (HL) as well as 26 patients (46 malignant lesions and 1 benign lesion) with non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) were studied with fluorine-18-deoxyglucose (FDG). Oxygen-15-labelled water was used in addition in 14 patients with 25 lesions to obtain information on the tissue perfusion. PET with FDG is highly sensitive for the detection of viable tumor tissue, all malignant lesions being correctly classified in this study. We noted no statistically significant difference in FDG metabolism for Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Even normal-sized lymph-node metastases (< 1 cm) were detected with PET and FDG. The possible limitations are inflammatory processes, which may obscure tumor detection because of the increased FDG uptake, as well as malignant lesions with low FDG uptake as a result of reduced perfusion. Comparison of tumor perfusion and FDG uptake showed a significant nonlinear correlation of r = 0.78 between the two parameters. Two patients with scar tissue and no evidence of malignancy were excluded from blood stem-cell support therapy as a result of the PET study. The data demonstrate that PET is a useful tool for making a diagnosis and deciding on therapy for malignant lymphomas.
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PMID:[Positron emission tomography (PET) in diagnosis and therapy planning of malignant lymphoma]. 915 79

Three male patients, aged 43, 41 and 44 years, were referred to the cardiologist because of complaints of angina pectoris; one of them also had an aortic valve stenosis. Nine to 22 years before, they had received radiotherapy on the mediastinum because of Hodgkin's disease. Coronary angiography showed severe stenoses of the ostium of the right coronary artery or of the main left coronary artery, following which the patients were treated with coronary artery bypass surgery, aortic valve replacement and (or) drugs. These locations are very unusual in patients with angina who did not receive any radiation therapy, but they are seen frequently in patients who have received radiotherapy on the mediastinum. The pathogenesis of these lesions is not exactly known. The normal risk factors for atherosclerosis plus free oxygen radicals are probably involved. The free oxygen radicals, generated by radiation, locally activate coagulation via various hypothetical mechanisms. The damaging effect of radiotherapy could therefore be prevented by antioxidants. However, the therapeutic effect of radiation would most likely decrease as well. A more rational approach to prevent these vascular lesions would be to reduce the radiation load, to treat the risk factors for atherosclerosis and to give platelet aggregation inhibitors such as acetylsalicylic acid.
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PMID:[Coronary stenosis following successful radiotherapy for Hodgkin disease]. 956 61


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