Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) has largely been used for response assessment after treatment of lymphoma, resulting in a very sensitive and specific imaging technique for the detection of residual disease. For this reason FDG PET has recently been proposed to be integrated in the International Workshop Criteria. In this report, a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma was treated with radioimmunotherapy for disease relapse, demonstrated by PET. Post-treatment evaluation was performed 9 weeks after treatment, and PET showed almost complete disappearance of tracer uptake, but with faint persistence of uptake at 1 iliac node and thus was a suspect for residual disease. However, a wait-and-see approach was decided and the patient was rescanned with PET 18 weeks after treatment, and the results were finally negative. This case indicates that after completion of radioimmunotherapy it may be recommended to wait several weeks before performing a PET scan and, in case of minimal findings, to consider a short-term re-evaluation.
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PMID:Late FDG PET normalization after radioimmunotherapy in a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. 1985 Nov 73

We assessed the quality of current evidence on fluorine-18 fluorodeoxy glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) performed after a few cycles of chemotherapy for patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) based on a recently published systematic review of the literature. There is a moderate level of evidence suggesting that interim PET has an excellent prognostic ability to predict treatment failures in low- to intermediate-risk advanced-stage HL patients. Evidence is insufficient for DLBCL due to the clinical heterogeneity of the primary studies. Interim PET should at present not be regarded as an established procedure and it still remains as an unproven test for routine clinical practice. Its use should currently be reserved for research studies where treatment strategies and imaging protocols are standardized.
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PMID:Current clinical evidence on interim fluorine-18 fluorodeoxy glucose positron emission tomography for advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma to predict treatment outcomes. 1986 79

[18F]-Fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) scan performed early during the therapy for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has a high prognostic value and correlates with survival. Several ongoing trials are under way to investigate the value of treatment adaptation based on early 18F-FDG PET results both in early and advanced-stage HL. In the former, in order to reduce the number of patients in whom involved-field radiotherapy is required for optimal treatment, and in the latter to identify the small subset (about 20%) of patients with a dismal prognosis who should be treated very aggressively while sparing the toxic effects of the therapy in most of them. However some issues still remain unsettled, including the standardization of interpretation rules for the interim-positron emission tomography (PET) scan, the optimal time to perform this examination during therapy, and the impact of a risk-adapted therapeutic strategy on the overall outcome of therapy in HL. International efforts are now underway to reach a consensus among experts on a set of simple, reproducible rules for PET interpretation, and attempts are being made to launch retrospective clinical studies so as to validate these rules.
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PMID:Interim positron emission tomography scan in Hodgkin lymphoma: definitions, interpretation rules, and clinical validation. 2014 43

18-Fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) has become widely used in the management of patients with malignant lymphomas. FDG-PET has been evaluated in pretreatment staging, restaging, monitoring during therapy, and posttherapy surveillance. The Ann Arbor staging system was initially based on physical examination and bone marrow evaluation, but more recently, CT scans or 67gallium scintigraphy have been incorporated. FDG-PET may provide complementary information to conventional staging methods, and may be of particular value prior to therapy for patients who appear to have stage I or II disease and for whom radiation therapy is being considered. FDG-PET has technical limitations, variability of FDG avidity among different lymphoma histologic subtypes, and in a large number of etiologies shows false-negative and false positive results. Most studies of FDG-PET involve patients with Hodgkin's disease or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. FDG PET in lymphoma is being incorporated into the response assessment in lymphoma as published by the Imaging Subcommittee of International Harmonization Project in Lymphoma. New guidelines, the Revised Response Criteria for Malignant Lymphoma, are presented incorporating PET, IHC, and flow cytometry for definitions of response in non-Hodgkin's and Hodgkin's lymphoma. They should reduce the variability among studies. Standardized definitions of end points are provided. Standardized FDG-PET will hopefully lead to improved outcome for patients. PET as a biomarker has the potential to change the current model of drug development.
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PMID:[Malignant lymphoma]. 2000 52

The term extranodal disease refers to lymphomatous infiltration of anatomic sites other than the lymph nodes. Almost any organ can be affected by lymphoma, with the most common extranodal sites of involvement being the stomach, spleen, Waldeyer ring, central nervous system, lung, bone, and skin. The prevalence of extranodal involvement in non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin disease has increased in the past decade. The imaging characteristics of extranodal involvement can be subtle or absent at conventional computed tomography (CT). Imaging of tumor metabolism with 2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has facilitated the identification of affected extranodal sites, even when CT has demonstrated no lesions. More recently, hybrid PET/CT has become the standard imaging modality for initial staging, follow-up, and treatment response assessment in patients with lymphoma and has proved superior to CT in these settings. Certain PET/CT patterns are suggestive of extranodal disease and can help differentiate tumor from normal physiologic FDG activity, particularly in the mucosal tissues, bone marrow, and organs of the gastrointestinal tract. Familiarity with the different extranodal manifestations in various locations is critical for correct image interpretation. In addition, a knowledge of the differences in FDG avidity among the histologic subtypes of lymphoma, appropriate timing of scanning after therapeutic interventions, and use of techniques to prevent brown fat uptake are essential for providing the oncologist with accurate information.
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PMID:FDG PET/CT of extranodal involvement in non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin disease. 2008 98

Hodgkin lymphoma is one of the few cancers that affect both adults and children. Cure rates for Hodgkin lymphoma remain among the best for pediatric cancers. However, cure is often associated with significant delayed effects of therapy, including an elevated risk for second malignancies, cardiotoxicity, pulmonary toxicity, and gonadal and non-gonadal endocrine dysfunction. Therefore, the aim of current treatment strategies is to further improve outcomes while minimizing therapy-related complications. At diagnosis, patients are classified into risk groups based on disease stage, and the presence of clinical, biologic, and serologic risk factors. In general, the most recent trials have intensified therapy in those patients with high-risk disease to improve disease control, and have limited therapy in those patients with low-risk disease to avoid secondary effects. In low-risk patients, multiple studies have been conducted to investigate limiting either radiation therapy or chemotherapy to prevent long-term side effects without affecting the excellent cure rate. In intermediate- and high-risk patients, many studies have examined intensifying therapy to improve event-free survival rates. In addition, response assessment by fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) may be particularly important in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma; it may allow modification of treatment to maximize treatment efficacy and minimize late effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Despite the improvements in treatment for all stages of Hodgkin lymphoma, there is still a subgroup of patients who do not enter remission with initial therapy or relapse after initial response to therapy. Unfortunately, standard-dose salvage chemotherapy for relapsed disease has disappointing results in terms of overall survival since patients have typically already received intensive therapy. While there is no standard of care in terms of salvage chemotherapy, high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) rescue has become the standard of care for the majority of children with relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma. The use of allogeneic transplantation is controversial in relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma; because of the high transplant-related mortality, allogeneic transplant has not been associated with improved overall survival over ASCT. As more has been learned about the biologic mechanisms involved in Hodgkin lymphoma, biologically-based therapies are being investigated for use in this disease, both at initial diagnosis and relapse. Both immunotherapy and small molecules are being studied as possible therapeutic agents in Hodgkin lymphoma. Unfortunately, the vast majority of investigations of novel agents have occurred exclusively in adult patients. However, since pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma and adult Hodgkin lymphoma are similar, these results may potentially be extrapolated to pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma.
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PMID:Current approaches to the management of pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma. 2021 45

The authors report on the case of a 64-year-old man with solitary intradural extramedullary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the cervical spine. The lesion mimicked the appearance of meningioma on MR imaging. Positron emission tomography showed increased accumulation of fluorine-18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose only in the cervical lesion. Serum levels of C-reactive protein and soluble interleukin-2 receptor were mildly elevated. At surgery, the intradural tumor in the subarachnoid space was totally extirpated. Based on histopathological findings, diffuse, large B-cell type non-Hodgkin lymphoma was diagnosed. Postoperatively, the patient was treated with 2 courses of chemotherapy by intrathecal injection of methotrexate, cytarabine, and prednisolone and 4 courses of intravenous rituximab, an antibody binding to CD20 on the surface of B cells. All preoperative symptoms completely resolved after surgery. Two years postoperatively, the patient was faring well with no evidence of local recurrence or new lesions at any other site. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this case is the first reported instance of solitary intradural extramedullary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the cervical spine.
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PMID:Solitary intradural extramedullary lymphoma of the cervical spine. 2036 81

Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (F-18 FDG PET-CT) is the modality of choice for the diagnosis, staging, and restaging of many malignancies. The importance of eliminating false positives cannot be underestimated because they can dramatically alter the clinical course. We present a case of benign uptake in the tongue secondary to tardive dyskinesia in a 53-year-old woman referred for therapy response evaluation of Hodgkin's lymphoma who was concurrently receiving oral antipsychotic therapy. This case emphasizes the importance of detailed clinical history and examination when concluding definite diagnosis.
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PMID:Hot tongue on FDG PET scan in a patient of Hodgkin's lymphoma undergoing antipsychotic treatment. 2118 67

Risk-adaptive therapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma focuses on treatment modifications based on assessment of response. [(18)F]Fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) performed during or after completion of chemotherapy is a strong prognostic factor for eventual treatment outcome. Conceptually, this strategy seeks to increase efficacy and minimize toxicity through the appropriate selection of patients for either therapy escalation (high-risk, PET positive) or de-escalation (low-risk, PET negative). Preliminary evidence with tailoring both chemotherapy (drug selection, number of cycles, and dose) and radiotherapy (omission or inclusion) is varied; however, numerous clinical trials seeking to validate this approach are ongoing. This paper summarizes the available evidence and active protocols involving PET response-adapted therapy for adult (early and advanced stages) Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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PMID:PET Response-Guided Treatment of Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Review of the Evidence and Active Clinical Trials. 2123 82

The involvement of breast tissue with Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) has been reported in very few cases up to date. We report a 33-year-old woman who had been treated and followed up with nodular sclerosing HL for 7 years, and admitted with recurrent disease. The fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) images revealed disseminated disease with the involvement of bilateral breast tissues showing FDG uptake. In this case, the breast involvement of HL was confirmed by histopathological results.
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PMID:Bilateral breast involvement of Hodgkin lymphoma revealed by FDG PET/CT. 2137 32


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