Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty years ago, nitrogen mustard was first used in the treatment of a group of six patients with neoplastic diseases, including lymphosarcoma and Hodgkin's disease at Yale University. Since then different kinds of chemotherapeutic agents have been discovered, which clinical efficacy was reviewed as a single agent and in combination. Especially over the past two decades, the management of malignant lymphoma has improved significantly with combination chemotherapy. Now there are several potentially curative regimens, such as MOPP therapy for Hodgkin's disease, and MOPP (or C-MOPP), CHOP (or HOP), BACOP and COMLA for diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. There are recent trends to include methotrexate in combination and to use two non-cross-resistant regimens alternatively (CVP/ABP, MOPP/ABVD) for improving complete remission rate and remission duration. Treatment for favorable histologies, and clinical features and treatment of adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma were also briefly reviewed.
 ...
PMID:[Chemotherapy of malignant lymphoma]. 698 87

Vaccine-induced levels of antibody to Streptococcus pneumoniae of approximately 250-300 ng of antibody nitrogen/ml are protective against pneumococcal disease. Side effects of vaccination are not severe and are generally confined to local reactions at the site of inoculation. Patients with a documented high risk of acquiring pneumococcal disease include the elderly, especially those with underlying cardiopulmonary disease, and those with sickle cell anemia, Hodgkin's disease, a renal transplant, multiple myeloma, asplenia, and nephrotic syndrome. People with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or renal failure do not appear to be at high risk. All of these groups, except those with multiple myeloma, respond to vaccine with levels of antibody that are protective for many but not all of the serotypes included in the vaccine. Immunosuppression, splenectomy, and hemoglobinopathy depress antibody response. Duration of vaccine-induced antibody is unknown but may be shorter than that in normal persons. Preliminary guidelines for vaccination are proposed.
 ...
PMID:Assessment of the antibody response to pneumococcal vaccine in high-risk populations. 702 58

From July 1968 through December 1977, 171 previously untreated patients with pathological stage IIIA Hodgkin's disease were evaluated at Stanford University Medical Center. All patients underwent lymphography, staging laparotomy and splenectomy; 86 patients were treated with total lymphoid irradiation (mantle followed by inverted-Y) to 4400 rad. These patients received prophylactic irradiation to the preauricular region (3600 rad/4-5 wk.) if the high cervical lymph nodes were positive; the lung (1500 rad/4-5 wk.) if the ipsilateral pulmonary hilum was positive; and the liver (2200 rad/5-6 wk.) if the spleen was positive. Eighty-five patients were treated with total lymphoid irradiation followed by adjuvant chemotherapy-either nitrogen mustard, vincristine and procarbazine (MOP) or procarbazine, L-phenylalanine mustard, and vinblastine (PAVe). Five-year survival rates were not significantly different in the two groups (86% vs. 89%, P = .4); however, the five-year freedom from relapse rate was significantly better in the combined modality group (66% vs. 86%, P = .0026). Because of the success of MOP in the treatment of patients who had relapses after treatment with irradiation alone, the five-year freedom from second relapse rates in the two groups were not significantly different (85% vs. 88%, P = .8). Analysis of a large number of possible prognostic factors failed to identify any subgroup of patients whose survival was significantly improved by the use of adjuvant chemotherapy, including patients with "anatomic substage III2" (P = .52), clinical stage III (P = .26), unfavorable histology (P = .78), age greater than 39 yr. (P = .44), males (P = .55), and S- (P = .92). The most important factors indicating a benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy on survival were greater than or equal to 5 sites of involvement, including those above and below the diaphragm (P = .15) and extensive splenic involvement (more than four nodules detected in the splenectomy specimen) (P = .15). Possible explanations for these observations, which differ from those of series reported at other institutions, are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Prognostic factors in pathological stage IIIA Hodgkin's disease. 721 5

The study objective was to determine if suppression of ovarian function by oral contraceptives (OCs) would provide protection against ovarian cell death secondary to chemotherapy. By means of menstrual history, serum gonadotropin levels, and ovarian biopsy, ovarian function was evaluated in 6 young women with untreated Hodgkin's disease. The women ranged in age from 18 to 31 years at onset of treatment. Each woman was given a standard 6 cycles of MVPP therapy (nitrogen mustard, vinblastine, procarbazine, and prednisone). At the time of initiation of MVPP therapy, they were placed on the combination OCs Norlestrin or Ovran on the usual schedule for birth control. 6-12 weeks after the last cycle, 3 women were biopsied and the menstrual history was repeated in all cases. This followup was repeated at intervals of 4-12 months, the most recent in April 1981, range 20-29 months, median 26 months. 5 ovarian biopsies obtained prior to therapy contained 18-55 primordial and primary follicles. Posttherapy ovarian biopsies were performed on 3 of the 6 women who had been treated with OC while they were receiving the 6 cycles of MVPP therapy. The ovary specimens revealed 22, 1000, and 22 primordial and primary follicles per section. Normal menses were established in the 5 women who discontinued OCs at the end of MVPP therapy, and 1 of them is currently pregnant. The pregnancy and the regular menses in the 3 women not on hormonal agents up to 2 years after stopping MVPP therapy encourages the belief that these women will not experience premature menopause in a few years' time. Particularly hopeful is the normal ovarian function of the 30-year-old woman, the woman who was at greatest risk for chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure.
 ...
PMID:Protection of ovarian function by oral contraceptives in women receiving chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease. 727 13

The incidence of second malignant neoplasms (SMN) was assessed in 248 patient with Hodgkin's disease (HD) treated by radiotherapy alone (XRT) or in combination with chemotherapy (XRT + C) between January/1960 and June/1977. Radiation therapy was categorized as less than extended field (less than EF), extended field (EF) or total nodal irradiation (TNI). Chemotherapy was scored as single agent (SAC) or multiagent (MAC). MAC consisted primarily of either nitrogen mustard, vincristine, prednisone and procarbazine (MOPP) or cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, procarbazine and prednisone (CVPP). Ten metachronous malignancies occurred 1-21 years (median 10 years) after the diagnosis of HD. With a median follow-up of 6 years the observed-to-expected ratio (O/E) was 4.2 for XRT alone and 7.6 for XRT + MAC. For 46 patients with greater than or equal to 10 years follow-up (median 13 years) the O/E ratio was 16.1 for XRT and 26.5 for XRT + MAC. All SMN occurred in patients who had not had a splenectomy at or prior to the time of HD diagnosis. Only four of nine solid SMN were within treatment portals or near portal margins. The diagnosis of another malignant neoplasm was made prior to or simultaneous with the diagnosis of HD in four additional patients. This observation, and the occurrence of five of six SMN outside of the treatment field in the XRT alone group, suggest that there may be factor(s) associated with the incidence of SMN in HD in addition to treatment itself.
 ...
PMID:Second malignant neoplasms in patients treated for Hodgkin's disease with radiotherapy or radiotherapy and chemotherapy. 729 88

Between January 1976 and December 1980, 16 patients with advanced Hodgkin's Disease and 70 patients with Stage III and Stage IV Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated with combination chemotherapy, 12 patients with Hodgkin's disease were treated with nitrogen mustard, vinblastine, procarbazine (MVPP). 4 patients received MVPP. 4 patients received MOPP (O = vincristine). 69% of the patients showed disease remission. 25% of the patients achieved complete remission. 58 patients with advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated with the quadruple drug combination of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisolone (COPP). 21% of the patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma developed a frankly leukaemic transformation which complicated management. Response rate to COPP therapy was 44% for all patients. 43% of the patients showed no response to treatment. Of the patients who showed disease remission with COPP, 52% achieved a complete remission. Percentage survival at 2 years for all patients was 14% compared with 47% for patients with complete remission. Using the Rappaport classification for histological subtype in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 61% of diffused poorly differentiated lymphoma showed disease remission compared to 47% remission in diffused histiocytic lymphoma. Only 33% of lympho-blastic lymphoma responded to COPP. Patients with leukaemic transformation did not respond to COPP. 9 of 15 patients with a leukaemic phase showed partial remission with combination chemotherapy. Majority of patients on combination chemotherapy showed evidence of drugs toxicity both in the Hodgkin's group and the non-Hodgkin's group. Major drug toxicities were myelosuppression and neurotoxicity.
 ...
PMID:Chemotherapy of malignant lymphoma. 733 96

Hodgkin's disease, nodular sclerosing, developed in a 16-year-old man with the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Two brothers and two nephews had documented Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome and had died of infectious complications in childhood. While the patient reported here had lifelong thrombocytopenia and recurrent upper respiratory infections, he had no severe infection prior to the development of Hodgkin's disease. Skin test sensitization with dinitrochlorobenzene was unsuccessful. No antibodies were found after immunization with pneumococcal polysaccharides. Platelet aggregation studies were abnormal in the patient, his mother, and one of his nephews. A complete response of short duration occurred after treatment with nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone. On recurrence, he proved unresponsive to further chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Infection with four different fungi was found at autopsy. This patient is the third recorded case of Hodgkin's disease associated with the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Hodgkin's disease occurring in a patient with the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. 735 Oct 18

In six patients (four described previously) who received the currently licensed pneumococcal vaccine (Pneumovax), severe pneumococcal disease developed from a type contained in the vaccine. All exhibited a poor or inconsistent antibody response to the vaccine. Immunosuppressive drugs and radiation used to treat existing disorders, predominantly Hodgkin's disease, appeared to be major factors responsible for the poor immune response. None were receiving antimicrobial prophylaxis at the time of the pneumococcal infection. We suggest that type-specific antibody at a level below 215 ng of antibody nitrogen per milliliter of serum may not be protective. More extensive vaccine trials in persons, particularly children, at high risk of severe pneumococcal disease are needed. The optimal time to immunize persons receiving radiation or immunosuppressive drugs remains to be established.
 ...
PMID:Pneumococcal vaccine failures. Two case reports and review. 746 49

A primary extranodal presentation occurs in less than 0.25% of patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) and we describe the primary clinicopathologic findings in a rare case of a 21-year-old female with primary bony involvement of Hodgkin's disease. The patient presented with microcytic, hypochromic anemia and shoulder pain. The diagnosis of HD (lymphocyte depleted type) was made by biopsy taken from a lytic lesion in the lateral third of the clavicle. Staging work-up revealed an additional lesion in the ilium, but there was no evidence of lymph node involvement. MOPP/ABV (nitrogen mustard, Oncovin, procarbazine, prednisone/adriamycin, bleomycin, and vinblastine) chemotherapy resulted in complete response lasting, to date, 36 months. To the best of our knowledge, this is only the second reported case of disseminated primary Hodgkin's disease of the bone and all have had a favourable response to combination chemotherapy. A review of the literature is also presented.
 ...
PMID:Primary Hodgkin's disease of the bone. 753 Aug 2

Seventeen consecutive patients with previously untreated poor prognosis Hodgkin's disease (clinical stage II and III with systemic symptoms, and stage IV) received 6 courses of aggressive chemotherapy, with (9 patients) and without (8 patients) the addition of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF). Chemotherapy (MOPP/ABV/CAD regimen) included full doses of nitrogen mustard, lomustine (CCNU), vindesine, melphalan, prednisone, epidoxorubicin, vincristine, procarbazine, vinblastine and bleomycin, and was administered between days 1 and 15 of each course. Course were planned for 28-day intervals. rhGM-CSF was given at a dose of 5 micrograms/kg/day subcutaneously from day 16 to 26 of each course. With cytopenia (i.e. white blood cell, WBC, count < 3.0 x 10(9)/L and/or platelet count < 100 x 10(9)/L) delaying courses was preferred to administering reduced drug dosages. Substantial delays (ranging from 7 to 28 days) in delivering cytostatics were necessary between 70% of courses. The cumulative mean number of days for which the courses had to be delayed before completing the 6 MOPP/ABV/CAD courses was 57. The percentage of planned doses of cytotoxic drugs (nitrogen mustard, melphalan, epidoxorubicin, procarbazine) actually administered was 92%. Causes of treatment delay were presented by leucopenia in 82% and by leuco-thrombocytopenia in 23% of the courses. The WBC nadir was constantly encountered at day 20-21 following completion of courses, and slightly worsened with subsequent courses. The decrease in platelet values was milder than that in WBC counts. There were no differences in any of the above parameters between patients treated with MOPP/ABV/CAD alone or followed by rhGM-CSF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:MOPP/ABV/CAD chemotherapy with and without recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor in untreated, unfavorable prognosis Hodgkin's disease. 768 12


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10