Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 3 years, 118 patients with Hodgkin's disease have completed chemotherapy with chlorambucil, vinblastine, procarbazine and prednisolone (Ch1VPP). The complete remission rates were 90% for 29 patients previously treated with radiotherapy, 67% for 73 patients previously untreated and 44% for 16 patients with prior chemotherapy. The 3-year survival rates for the first 70 patients in the series were 83% for previously irradiated patients, 84% for previously untreated patients and 67% for those with prior chemotherapy. Forty-seven previously untreated or previously irradiated patients in this group achieved complete remission. The 3-year disease-free survival rates for these patients were 71% and 67% respectively. This regimen gives complete remission and survival rates comparable with results obtained with combinations including nitrogen mustard, while producing fewer side-effects.
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PMID:Three years' experience with Ch1VPP (a combination of drugs of low toxicity) for the treatment of Hodgkin's disease. 43 66

Combination chemotherapy, which consisted of nitrogen mustard, a vinca alkaloid, procarbazine, and prednisone, was given to 60 patients with disseminated or recurrent Hodgkin's disease. A complete remission of disease was observed in 41 patients, with a median duration of 35+ months. The longest continuing remission was 89 months, and 52% of patients who achieved a complete remission were alive five years from the start of treatment. In contrast, patients who only had a partial remission (11 patients), or failed to respond to therapy (8 patients) fared badly, with a less than 50% survival rate at one year. Response to drug therapy could not be predicted on the basis of sex, age or tumour histology, but patients who had previously received both radiotherapy and chemotherapy had a poor prognosis. Drug toxicity was substantial, but was considered acceptable in view of the clear benefit of treatment to most patients. Further improvement in the outlook of patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease is likely to result from modifications of current drug regimens, possibly combined with non-radical radiotherapy.
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PMID:Hodgkin's disease: results of treatment with combination chemotherapy. 61 96

Sixty-three patients with Hodgkin's disease, in stages I or II, asymptomatic (A) or symptomatic (B), were diagnosed and followed at the Chaim Sheba Medical Center from 1969 to 1976. Only 14 were staged pathologically. Until 1971, the patients received mantle or "inverted Y" therapy only; thereafter, an extended field that included mantle, upper abdomen and spleen irradiation was given. Symptomatic patients, as well as patients with extranodal involvement, received MOPP chemotherapy (nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisone) after termination of radiotherapy. Of 51 patients who were in stage IA or IIA, six relapsed 20 to 43 months after irradiation. Three had a pelvic recurrence; two of them were surgically staged. Thus, in only 1 of 51 patients could staging laparotomy possibly have detected pelvic disease and resulted in different therapy. Our results suggest that total nodal irradiation and staging laparotomy are not mandatory in stages IA and IIA of Hodgkin's disease. The group of 12 symptomatic patients is too small to allow us to draw definite conclusions as to the role of staging laparotomy and adjuvant chemotherapy. However, in view of the high relapse rate in the upstaged symptomatic patients, it seems that chemotherapy should be given to these patients.
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PMID:Selective splenectomy in Hodgkin's disease, stages I and II. Results of treatment. 74 41

Pulmonary reactions may follow therapy with nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone. Two patients with Hodgkin's disease are described who were treated with nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone and developed diffuse lung disease. Their disease processes were evaluated with serial pulmonary function studies, chest radiography, and open lung biopsy. Hypersensitivity reactions appeared to be responsible, and treatment with corticosteroids was successful. Procarbazine may have been the responsible agent.
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PMID:Diffuse pulmonary disease after therapy with nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone. 83 82

Seventy patients with Hodgkin's disease have been treated with a combination of chlorambucil, vinblastine, procarbazine and prednisolone (Ch1VPP). The complete remission rate of 75-7% compares well with that produced by other combinations. The combination is non-toxic, easily administered and can be given safely to outpatients. Its main advantage is that it is far less upsetting to patients than combinations containing nitrogen mustard.
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PMID:A combination of chlorambucil, vinblastine, procarbazine and prednisolone for treatment of Hodgkin's disease. 91 66

Improved tolerance of splenectomized patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) to radiotherapy and chemotherapy has been reported. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of splenectomy and nitrogen mustard (NM) on colony-forming cells (CFC's) of bone marrow cells obtained from CF1 male mice by in bitro agar-gel technique. Splenectomized mice were given NM intraperitoneally on day 11. On day 15, they were sacrificed and the bone marrow was cultured with a source of colony-stimulating factor (CSF). Spleen extract was prepared by grinding spleens from CF1 mice. On the eighth day of incubation, significantly higher numbers of CFC's were found in splenectomized animals at 1% confidence level (F Test) compared with the nonsplenectomized animals. Both splenectomized and non-splenectomized mice had a greater colony response after NM (at 5% confidence level) than saline-treated controls. Maximum numbers of colonies were obtained in the nustard-treated asplenic animals. Splenic extract, as well as extracts from other organs, when added to the culture plates resulted in inhibition of colony formation. The significance of in vitro inhibition after addition of organ extract is uncertain.
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PMID:Effects of nitrogen mustard and splenectomy on mouse bone marrow colony formation in vitro. 95 68

Bone marrow cell responses to injections of nitrogen mustard, oncovin, procarbazine, hydrocortisone, and a regimen of all four drugs (MOPH) were evaluated in CRF1 and C57B1/6 mice by determining bone marrow cellularity and content of transplantable colony forming units (CFU) after treatment. The study was done to determine whether the combined regimen, which is widely used clinically in treatment of disseminated Hodgkin's disease, is more or less detrimental to the hemopoietic system than the same drugs used as single agents. Nitrogen mustard and procarbazine used clinically as single drugs are given in three and two times, respectively, greater doses than in the combined regimen. Hydrocortisone, given singly, was least toxic of the drugs, reducing the CFU/femur to 63% and 71% of control values. MOPH appeared slightly more toxic than hydrocortisone, resulting in 41% and 52% of the CFU/femur surviving, and was about equally as toxic as oncovin alone. Nitrogen mustard and procarbazine, administered as single drugs in high doses, were highly suppressive, resulting in only 10-19% survival of CFU/femur, whereas, reduced doses of the two drugs as used in the MOPH regimen spared 30-45% of the CFU/femur. Survival of CFU after MOPH treatment was three to four times greater than after high doses of nitrogen mustard or procarbazine alone. The component drugs of the combined regimen did not act on separate populations of stem cells to produce an additive effect but appeared to inactivate the same population of cells.
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PMID:Effects of single and combined chemotherapeutic agents on hemopoietic stem cells in mice. 98 38

The effect of nitrogen mustard on the function of human blood monocytes and lymphocytes cultured in vitro, was studied. After a single in vitro exposure to the drug at culture start, an inhibition of the survival of non-proliferating mononuclear phagocytes was observed. No immediate cytotoxic effect was registered. Nitrogen mustard given in therapeutic doses to patients with malignant lymphogranulomatosis did not reduce the survival of mononuclear phagocytes cultured at different times after the administration of the drug.
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PMID:The effect of nitrogen mustard on human mononuclear blood cells. 99 68

Infusion of cycloheximide i.v., an antibiotic known to inhibit synthesis of protein, at a rate of 0.2 mg/kg/hr, reliably caused lysis of fever in 15 chronically febrile patients with Hodgkin's disease who did not have detectable bacterial, fungal, or viral infection. Antipyretic effects were also seen in some patients with reticulum cell sarcoma, lymphosarcoma, acute leukemia, histiocytic medullary reticulosis, plasma cell myeloma, carcinoma of the lung, and carcinoma of the cervix. The drug failed to produce defervescence in four patients with normal granulocyte reserves, who were febrile due to bacterial infection. When infused at a rate of 0.2 mg/kg/hr, the drug apparently caused an acute alteration of protein metabolism in man in that plasma amino acid nitrogen rose acutely while plasma levels of muramidase and ribonuclease fell during the period of the infusion. The data suggest that continuing synthesis of protein may be involved in nonbacterial fever of neoplastic disease. Mammalian granulocytes and monocytes are known to elaborate a pyrogenic protein following appropriate stimulation; it is suggested that in some types of neoplastic disease, particularly Hodgkin's disease, tumor cells may produce and release a pyrogenic protein and that drug-induced inhibition of its synthesis is responsible for the observed lysis of fever.
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PMID:Antipyretic effect of cycloheximide, and inhibitor of protein synthesis, in patients with Hodgkin's disease or other malignant neoplasms. 109 49

Encephalitis developing after prolonged antineoplastic therapy in two patients with Hodgkin's disease and in one with multiple myeloma was found at autopsy to be caused by toxoplasmosis. To better understand the pathogenesis of the brain lesions, ranging from microscopic foci to some having a diameter of 6 cm. and characterized by proliferation of the organisms at the margins of expanding necrosis, an animal model was studied. Similar lesions were produced in hamsters by inducing relapse of chronic latent toxoplasmosis through administration of cortisone, cyclophosphamide, or whole body irradiation, but toxic doses of nitrogen mustard and urethane did not precipitate relapse. Notably, relapsing toxoplasmosis generally involves the brain exclusively, suggesting a special susceptibility related to immune mechanisms. The roles of cells and of antibodies in immune surveillance against this chronic infection in otherwise normal hosts are considered. In man the suppression of cellular immunities by certain antineoplastic agents would seem to be decisive in causing relapse of toxoplasmosis, rather than the replacement of immunologically active cells by neoplasm. Because the infection can be controlled with sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine, a high index of suspicion is essential to detect incipient cerebral toxoplasmosis. serial serologic testing is helpful by demonstrating titer elevations; however, poor antibody production or transferred antibody may be misleading clinically when single tests are evaluated. Similarly, a poor inflammatory cell response can make it difficult for the histopathologist to detect small lesions in these patients.
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PMID:Immunosuppression and toxoplasmic encephalitis: clinical and experimental aspects. 111 86


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