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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve years after mediastinal irradiation for Hodgkin's disease, a 38-years old man developed an infra-hisian atrioventricular block with syncopes. The rarity of this complication of radiotherapy is emphasized. A review of the literature yielded only 6 cases of atrioventricular block associated with cobalt therapy; a pathological examination was performed in two of these patients and an electrophysiological study in two others.
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PMID:[Radiation-related atrioventricular block]. 312 28

A study of the mantle technique for Hodgkins disease patients was embarked upon using thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD) and a RANDO phantom. There was concern that the technique using Co-60 and turning the patient over for the posterior field may not be optimal as it was felt that the axillary areas of these patients were being under-dosed. A variety of treatment set-ups were performed on a 60-Cobalt unit at extended SSD. The phantom was planned for treatment lying supine for the anterior field and prone for the posterior field. Measurements were made in the neck, hilum and axillae using various combinations of compensators and lead filters. The combination of full field compensators and a lead filter gave the best results in the phantom but did not give satisfactory axillary readings in the patient situation. This was attributed to the difference in shape and AP separation of the patient when lying prone. RANDO, being solid, retains its shape. Treatment was then planned for a 6 MV linear accelerator using a vertical couch extender which enables the patient to remain supine throughout the treatment by increasing the table height to allow the posterior portal to be treated through the couch. Full field compensation was found to give an adequate dose to all the measured areas. This technique has since been performed on 28 patients being treated for Hodgkins disease at the Hillbrow Hospital, and the average axillary dose recorded in these patients is 88.6% of the prescribed dose.
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PMID:A study of the mantle technique for Hodgkins disease using thermoluminescent dosimetry. 344 8

The Patterns of Care Study data are used to correlate therapy equipment and practice characteristics with outcome, using Hodgkin's disease, prostate cancer, and cervix cancer as examples. The shift to linear accelerators and higher photon energy is supported, as is the increased use of treatment simulators. Part-time practitioners of radiation therapy and facilities whose only equipment is a less-than-80-cm cobalt unit have poor technical support and exhibit poor staging, poor achievement of minimum tumor dose, and poor patient follow-up as compared to the national average or best-performing strata of practice. These facilities should either upgrade their equipment, technical support, and level of practice or close.
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PMID:The need for complex technology in radiation oncology. Correlations of facility characteristics and structure with outcome. 391 28

Between 1970 and 1980, 339 patients with Hodgkin's disease in stages IA to IIIB were treated at the Department of Radiotherapy, University of Essen, FRG. 65 patients (group A) were irradiated using a multiple-field-technique with cobalt-60, 110 patients (group B) with mantle fields, inverted Y or paraaortic extended fields given with 5.7 MeV photons. There were no significant differences between the cumulative survival times, local and marginal recurrences. However, the recurrence rates of unirradiated lymph node regions were different, mainly due to absent or given paraaortic treatment. The presence of initially normal blood parameters (BSR, relatively lymphocyte count, haptoglobin, copper, iron) is of high prognostic value. Combined, they allow a correct prognosis as to the five year recurrence rate in up to 98% of cases. The prognostic precision of initially pathologic values was considerably reduced, even if a normalization had occurred after one year from the initiation of treatment.
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PMID:[Prognostic factors during control of the course of lymphogranulomatosis: comparison of 2 therapy technics and analysis of serologic parameters]. 392 92

The study of 186 cases (bed rests) of patients who have had a therapeutical radiotherapy shows that: those who have received a thoracic irradiation (neo-breast) do not release an appreciable hypereosinophilia (2% of cases); those who have received a pelvic irradiation (neo uterus, testicle, ovary) set a mode-rate hypereosinophilia (from 450 to 1 000 eosino/mm3) in 90% of cases; in Hodgkin's disease, 15% of the patients have an hypereosinophilia before any treatment; it increases to 34% after radiotherapy (cobalt 60); No difference has been shown either with the site of radiation (up or under the diaphragmatic) or with the age of the patients. On the other hand, a significative prognosis (survival greater than or equal to 5 years). From these observations, the authors propose some physiopathological hypothesis on the signification of hypereosinophilia in the course of therapeutical irradiations and Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:[Blood eosinophilia in Hodgkin's disease and radiation therapy (author's transl)]. 626 73

Ten years ago, because of the increasing number of patients recovering from Hodgkin disease, some authors advocated systematic laparotomy with splenectomy for more accurate staging in order to adjust therapy with more precision. This attitude now seems questionable because of the occurence of several complications, particularly of life-threatening infections, which can be fatal even after recovery from Hodgkin disease. The case of a twenty-three-year-old male patient with Hodgkin disease stage III A, histological grade I, is reported. MOPP chemotherapy, splenectomy and cobalt radiotherapy were followed by complete recovery. Seven years later the patient died from fulminant pneumococcal meningitis. A review of previously published cases show that prolonged prophylaxis with oral penicillin is mandatory in splenectomized patients. Immunization with the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine should be attempted even though the long-term results are still unknown.
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PMID:[Fulminant infection in a splenectomized patient with Hodgkin disease. Fatal pneumococcal meningitis in a cured patient seven years after splenectomy]. 628 90

Calcium currents (ICa) were recorded in frog skeletal muscle fibres using the three-micro-electrode voltage-clamp technique. The sartorius muscle was bathed in TEA methanesulphonate saline with 350 mM-sucrose. 5 mM-3,4-diaminopyridine was added to the saline to minimize K+ currents. The I-V relationship for peak Ca2+ currents showed that ICa was detected at -40 mV and reached a maximum value at ca. -10 mV. No net inward current was recorded at potentials positive to ca. +40 mV. Remaining K+ currents (IK) were recorded by replacing 10 mM-Ca2+ with 5.5 mM-Co2+. They were not noticeably time-dependent up to +20 mV and would tend to diminish the amplitude of ICa without greatly affecting its time course. ICa tail currents could be separated from non-linear capacity currents. Tail currents were measured 5 msec after repolarization and extrapolated to the end of the pulse. ICa tail-current amplitudes at EK were measured with pulses of different durations. The envelope of tail-current amplitudes declined with a time course similar or identical to that of inward current during a maintained depolarization. Consequently, the decline of inward current cannot be explained by an increase of outward IK with time. ICa inactivated with 9 sec prepulses which did not elicit detectable ICa. The fitted h infinity curve had a mid point of -33.0 mV and a steepness of 6.3 mV. ICa between -30 mV and +20 mV could be described adequately using the Hodgkin-Huxley m3h relationship. The fitted m infinity curve had a mid point of -35.2 mV and a steepness of 9.9 mV. The limiting Ca2+ permeability PCa was 1.4 +/- 0.4 X 10(-4) cm/sec.
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PMID:Kinetic properties of calcium channels of twitch muscle fibres of the frog. 630 34

Properties of Ca2+ transport activated by depolarization of the membrane potential were investigated in the GH4C1 strain of rat pituitary cells. Membrane potential was depolarized by increasing external K+ concentration and was determined by [3H]tetraphenylphosphonium+ distribution. Depolarization by 50 mM [K+]o increased the initial rate of 45Ca2+ uptake 5-fold and the steady state 45Ca2+ content 8-fold. Stimulated 45Ca2+ uptake was not inhibited by tetrodotoxin (2 X 10(-6) M), and was insensitive to external Na+ concentration. Stimulated 45Ca2+ uptake increased with increasing external Ca2+ concentration (for [Ca2+]o less than 10 mM) and could be described by a Langmuir type expression (KCa = 4.3 mM). Initial rates of 45Ca2+ uptake increased almost linearly between -51 and -30 mV, from 2 to 12 nmol/min/mg of protein, and a maximum of 14 nmol/min/mg of protein was reached at -12 mV beyond which 45Ca2+ influx decreased, and was 11 nmol/min/mg of protein at 0 mV. Ca2+ permeability, PCa, calculated from the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz constant field expression increased almost linearly for a wide range of membrane potential (-51 to -20 mV) and began to level off at -6 mV. Activated 45Ca2+ uptake was completely inhibited by La3+, Co2+, Mn2+, Mg2+, nifedipine, and verapamil; K1/2 values for inhibition were 1.7 X 10(-7) M, 0.1 mM, 0.1 mM, 2 mM, 1.7 X 10(-8) M, and 2 X 10(-5) M, respectively, at 0.5 mM [Ca2+]o. Ba2+ could substitute for Ca2+ in the uptake mechanism. The increase in activated 45Ca2+ uptake was transient and was turned off with time. We conclude that the initial rate of K+-stimulated 45Ca2+ uptake measured under the experimental conditions described represents uptake via voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. Knowledge of the properties of this channel in GH4C1 cells will be essential in elucidating its role in the Ca2+-dependent actions of thyrotropin-releasing hormone.
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PMID:Voltage-dependent calcium channels in pituitary cells in culture. I. Characterization by 45Ca2+ fluxes. 632 9

We report four cases of femoral palsy due to compressive fibrosis, after pelvic radiation therapy. Three patients had Hodgkin's disease, and one testicular seminoma. Prominent clinical features include major groin induration and underlying swelling. Unlike what is usually seen in tumor relapse, little or no pain is associated with these neuropathies. The femoral post-radiation palsy develops earlier and faster than brachial plexus palsy of same aetiology. In one case, progressive aggravation led to surgical neurolysis which resulted in dramatic and long lasting improvement. The principal preventive and therapeutic managements are discussed: since compressive fibrosis is related to the use of isolated and massive electron beam therapy, various association of cobalt and electron beam therapy are designed to best prevent the side effects of each of these methods. The early treatment of developing fibrosis by D. penicillamine is discussed.
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PMID:[Radiation induced femoral palsy (author's transl)]. 711 57

One hundred and fifty-five consecutive previously untreated adult patients with supradiaphragmatic pathologic stage IA (71) and IIA (84) Hodgkin's disease treated only with radiotherapy (RT) at the Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milano from 1970 to 1978 were reviewed. Staging procedures included lymphangiography and laparotomy in all cases. Most patients were irradiated with a conventional cobalt machine. Mantle fields were adopted for 36.8% of cases, mainly at stage I, whereas 63.2% received mantle plus paraaortal irradiation. Doses were above 40 Gy for involved sites and 35-40 Gy for prophylactically irradiated nodes. Minimum and median follow-up were 30 months and 6 years, respectively. All patients achieved complete remission at the end of RT. As of June 1981, 89 of 155 patients (57.5%) were alive and free from progression, 60.6% at stage I, and 54.8% at stage II. Relapses occurred in 54 of 155 cases (35%) after a median free interval of 21 months. Marginal recurrences accounted for 5.8%, true recurrences for 9%, nodal extensions for 8.4%, and extranodal extensions for 11.6%. Males older than 40 years and mediastinal involvement were correlated with higher relapse rates. Salvage treatment consisted of RT alone in 8 patients and chemotherapy plus or minus RT in 44, whereas 2 patients died before a new treatment could start. As of June 1981, 38 of 54 relapsed patients (70.4%) were alive and disease free, whereas 2 were alive with evidence of disease. Actuarial overall survival at 6 years was 90.3% for all cases, 97.1% for stage I, and 84.8% for stage II. Treatment toxicity was analyzed, and problems concerning surgical staging procedures, optimal RT and role of chemotherapy as primary or salvage treatment were discussed.
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PMID:Follow-up of pathological stage I and IIA supradiaphragmatic Hodgkin's disease primarily treated with radiotherapy. 714 56


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