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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report a case of Hodgkin's disease at the subdiaphragmatic II B b stage with cell type III, revealed by thrombopenic purpura. Laparotomy and splenectomy confirmed the invasion of the spleen whereas there was no clinical splenomegaly and splenic radio-isotope scan was normal. The course is at present favourable, the purpura has been treated by corticotherapy then splenectomy, and the disease has been brought under control by classical treatment (cobalt radiotherapy and chemotherapy). The authors then discuss eight other cases in the world literature. Splenectomy is of dual interest for the assessment of Hodgkin's disease, on the one hand, and for the treatment of thrombopenic purpura on the other hand.
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PMID:[Thrombopenic purpura revealing Hodgkin's disease]. 17 87

A case of extranodal Hodgkin's disease that was limited to the maxillary alveolus has been presented. A team approach was used to diagnose and treat the lesion. After appropriate staging procedures, treatment consisted of local excision and cobalt teletherapy. Follow-up examinations for the past three years have failed to disclose recurrent or new disease.
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PMID:Intraoral extranodal Hodgkin's disease. 26 52

Calcium current, Ica, was studied in isolated nerve cell bodies of Helix aspersa after suppression of Na+ and K+ currents. The suction pipette method described in the preceding paper was used. Ica rises to a peak value and then subsides exponentially and has a null potential of 150 mV or more and a relationship with [Ca2+]o that is hyperbolic over a small range of [Ca2+]o's. When [Ca2+]i is increased, Ica is reduced disproportionately, but the effect is not hyperbolic. Ica is blocked by extracellular Ni2+, La3+, Cd2+, and Co2+ and is greater when Ba2+ and Sr2+ carry the current. Saturation and blockage are described by a Langmuir adsorption relationship similar to that found in Balanus. Thus, the calcium conductance probably contains a site which binds the ions referred to. The site also appears to be voltage-dependent. Activation and inactivation of Ica are described by first order kinetics, and there is evidence that the processes are coupled. For example, inactivation is delayed slightly in its onset and tau inactivation depends upon the method of study. However, the currents are described equally well by either a noncoupled Hodgkin-Huxley mh scheme or a coupled reaction. Facilitation of Ica by prepulses was not observed. For times up to 50 ms, currents even at small depolarizations were accounted for by suitable adjustment of the activation and inactivation rate constants.
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PMID:The calcium current of Helix neuron. 66 Jan 60

1. Ionic currents in differentiated cells of mouse neuroblastoma clone N1E-115 have been studied under voltage-clamp conditions. 2. Depolarizing voltage steps from a holding potential of -85 mV to levels more positive than -40 mV produced fast transient inward currents followed by delayed outward currents. 3. The fast inward current is carried by Na+: it is blocked by tetrodotoxin and is absent in Na+-free solutions. Its kinetic behaviour resembles that of the Na+ current in squid giant axon. A mean value of 85 mmho/cm2 was found for the maximum Na+ conductance (GNa).4. The delayed outward current is carried primarily by K+: it is blocked by externally applied tetraethylammonium (TEA, 15 mM) and has a reversal potential (mean -71 mV) close to the theoretical K+ equilibrium potential. Its instantaneous I--V curve is linear. By analogy with the formulation of Hodgkin & Huxley (1952c), the outward current can be described by IK = -GKn2(V--EK) where GK = 12 mmho/mc2. 5. During prolonged depolarizations the delayed outward current declines. This decline, which occurs in two phases, represents a partial inactivation of the K+ conductance. 6. A weak inward current with slow activation and inactivation kinetics appears in Na+-free solution containing 10 mM-Ca2+. It is activated at a membrane potential of -55 mV and reaches its maximum at -20 mV with a time to peak of about 10 msec. This current is tetrodotoxin-resistant, reversibly blocked by Co2+ (5mM) and is suggested to be carried by Ca2+. 7. An increase in the external divalent cation concentration results in a parallel shift of the steady-state I--V curve along the voltage axis in positive direction. The activation of delayed outward currents is suggested not to depend on Ca2+ influx. 8. It is concluded that separate voltage-dependent Na+, K+ and Ca2+ channels exist in the differentiated neuroblastoma membrane with kinetic and pharmacological properties similar to those observed in non-mammalian preparations.
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PMID:Ionic currents in cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells under voltage-clamp conditions. 67 Dec 97

The features that distinguish non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin forms of lymphoma are briefly described, together with the method employed in classifying 45 non-Hodgkin cases treated with polychemotherapy and cobalt. The results were satisfactory. Remission (complete or incomplete) was obtained in 75% and 73% of lymphocytic and histocytic forms respectively. Survival after 5 yr was 50% for cases in the 3rd stage and 11% for those in the 4th. It is felt that the 3rd stage should be regarded as a generalised form, requiring the intensive systematic management offered by combining polychemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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PMID:[The therapy of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in stage III and stage IV]. 74 Mar 19

Continuing efforts are being made by clinical radiotherapists to evaluate radiationcomplications to normal tissue and organs by specific time-dose parameters. Currently,the NSD concept of Ellis is receiving wide application in the literature in the reporting of radiation complications and normal tissue tolerances. To afford an easy and broad application of the NSD concept to the evaluation of physiological, functional, or structural changes, the authors have evolved mathematical expressions for the calculations of NSD as a function of patient thickness, beam energy, SSD, and treatment schedule involving coplanar field arrangements whether the fields are treated alternately or simultaneously. Several interesting aspects evolving form the concepts of treatment planning interms of the NSD or biological effects indicate that 1) for beam energies above 22 MeV, treatment is more ideally performed by treating only one field per day, since the depth of electronic equiliberium provides more effective sparing of superficial organs andtissues; 2) large-field therapy, such as the total nodal irradiation of Hodgkin'sdisease, can be more effectively treated in terms of tissue sparing by higher energy beamsthan cobalt-60 or 4-MeV for practically all patient dimensions; 3) a new concept ofintegral biological dose,the "gram-ret", is proposed, which represents the quantitation of total biological effect; 4) a series of tables with multiplication factors programmed on a digital computeris presented, which very quickly make available the NSD in any fractionated radiation treatment cycle to any plane of the body as a fuction of the beam energy, SSD, patient thickness, and continuous or split-course therapy schedule.
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PMID:Biological effects evaluated as a function of patient thickness, beam quality, SSD,and treatment schedule. 80 15

A report is given about radiation late damage on the thoracic marrow, basing on the case histories of 100 patients irradiated in the mediastinal region with telegamma from a 60 Cobalt or 137 Caesium source between 1959, January 1st and 1972, december 31st. 77 patients were followed up during 18 months after the radiotherapy was ended; in 3 of them (equal to 4 p.c.) a radiation-induced myelopathy was found. These 3 cases were suffering from Hodgkin's disease, whereas in none of the patients with bronchial carcinoma--in spite of markedly higher radiation doses--any late damage was observed. Therefore, in irradiation of the mediastinal region, the exposure of the spinal marrow should be reduced, although the dose alone is not decisive for the development of a radiation myelopathy.
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PMID:[Radiation late damage of the thoracic marrow after irradiation in the thoracic region (author's transl)]. 112 51

1. Helix aspersa neurones under voltage clamp generate prolonged outward currents (potassium currents) in response to depolarizing command pulses. 2. The potassium currents recorded from cell A were reversibly reduced 25-50% by 10 mM cobalt ions in the bathing medium; 1 mM lanthanum, 10(-6) g/ml. D-600 and 10(-6) g/ml. iproveratril had similar effects but were only partially reversible. 3. The relationship between the potassium currents and the membrane potential had an "n" shape in normal saline. In calcium-free saline (containing 25 mM magnesium) the potassium currents were reduced and the "n" shape was abolished. The effect of calcium-free saline was readily reversible. 4. The voltage-dependence of the calcium-sensitive potassium currents was similar to that of the "late" calcium channel in squid axons (Baker, Hodgkin & Ridgway, 1971). 5. When cell A was depolarents were made up of two exponentially declining components. The slower of the two components was reduced in calcium-free saline. 6. When cell A was depolarized by 150 mV for 10 msec and then repolarized the "tail" currents were made up of a single rapidly declining component. The reversal potential of this component changed by 58 mV for a tenfold change in the external potassium concentration as predicted by the Nernst equation. 7. The reversal potential of "tail" currents having both components was less sensitive to changes in the external potassium concentration. 8. Tetraethylammonium (TEA) ions blocked both calcium dependent and voltage sensitive potassium currents. Each receptor was found to bind a single molecule of TEA. The dissociaton constant was about 10 mM in each case. 9. The intracellular concentration of ionized calcium was estimated from the potential at which there was no apparent calcium influx (the null point). It was between 3 x 10(-8) M and 8 x 10(-8) M with 10(-2) M calcium in the bathing medium. 10. The null point changed 30 mV for a tenfold change in the external calcium concentration as predicted by the Nernst equation. 11. It is concluded that depolarization of Helix neurones activates two typesof potassium channel. One channel is voltage dependent and highly selective for potassium. Activation of the other channel is dependent on the influx (or injection, see Meech, 1972, 1974a) of calcium. This calcium mediated potassium activation system saturates at high external calcium concentrations and is inhibited by external magnesium ions.
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PMID:Potassium activation in Helix aspersa neurones under voltage clamp: a component mediated by calcium influx. 117 91

Twelve consecutive cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with initial testicular involvement have been considered in this retrospective evaluation. In 801 cases with referred for treatment to the Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan from 1962 to 1974 evidence of initial testicular involvement was observed in 1,4% of cases. Of the whole group of testicular tumors treated in our Institute only 3% were classified as non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Six out of 12 patients with stage I (2 cases) and II (4 cases) diseases were treated with Cobalt therapy to the retroperitoneal nodes. Only one patient remained free of disease after radiotherapy. Three patients relapsed after primary irradiation and six patients classified as stage IV were treated with chemotherapy. Patients receiving combination chemotherapy had in general a better quality of response and a larger, but not significantly different, survival, compared to patients given simple agent sequential chemotherapy. Since the differential diagnosis between testicular lymphomas and seminomas may cause some difficulties and therapeutic implications are different, clinicians should be alert to this problem: in our case series testicular non-Hodgkin's lymphomas was the most frequent non-germinal tumor of the testicle.
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PMID:[Study of 12 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the testicle (author's transl)]. 122 97

Between 1956 and 1990, 775 women were treated for Hodgkin's disease at The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. Of these, 25 (3.2%) were pregnant at diagnosis. Seven of these women were in the first trimester, 10 in the second, and eight in the third. Prior to treatment, three women in the third trimester had normal deliveries, and six patients in the first trimester had abortions. Sixteen patients received radiotherapy for supradiaphragmatic presentations during their pregnancies. All these patients had nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease: Two had clinical stage IA presentations and 14 had clinical stage IIA. In two patients radiotherapy (35 Gy) was limited to the neck, three patients were treated definitively to the neck and mediastinum (40 Gy), and 11 patients received mantle irradiation (40 Gy). Four to five half-value layers of lead were used to shield the uterus during radiotherapy. The dose to the fetus was estimated individually in nine patients, using a combination of an Alderson-Rando and a water phantom. The estimated total dose to the mid-fetus ranged from 1.4 to 5.5 cGy for treatment with 6 MV photons, and from 10 to 13.6 cGy for Cobalt 60. All 16 patients subsequently delivered full-term, normal infants. Following delivery, all of the patients had further staging procedures; eight received additional treatment. Subsequently, the disease relapsed in four patients; two eventually died of Hodgkin's disease. The 10-year determinant and overall survival rates were 83% and 71%, respectively. Currently, all offspring are physically and mentally normal, and none has developed a malignancy. Radiotherapy is an appropriate initial treatment for supradiaphragmatic presentations of Hodgkin's disease during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, provided special attention is paid to treatment and shielding techniques. The outcome for women treated with irradiation for clinical stage I and II Hodgkin's disease during pregnancy has not been shown to be adversely affected by pregnancy, and after the first 8 weeks of gestation, the risk to the fetus appears to be minimal.
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PMID:Radiotherapy during pregnancy for clinical stages IA-IIA Hodgkin's disease. 158 64


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