Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Under depolarizing voltage clamp of Paramecium an inward calcium current developed and subsequently relaxed within 10 milliseconds. The relaxation was substantially slowed when most of the extracellular calcium was replaced by either strontium or barium. Evidence is presented that the relaxation is not accounted for by a drop in electromotive force acting on calcium, or by activation of a delayed potassium current. Relaxation of the current must, therefore, result from an inactivation of the calcium channel. This inactivation persisted after a pulse, as manifested by a reduced calcium current during subsequent depolarization. Inactivation was retarded by procedures that reduce net entry of calcium, and was independent of membrane potential. The calcium channel undergoes inactivation as a consequence of calcium entry during depolarization. In this respect, inactivation of the calcium channel departs qualitatively from the behavior described in the Hodgkin-Huxley model of the sodium channel.
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PMID:Calcium entry leads to inactivation of calcium channel in Paramecium. 10 99

The slow-inactivating barium current was recorded under voltage clamp conditions from identified neurons of the snail Helix pomatia. Experimental data were analyzed using the Hodgkin-Huxley equations. The dependence of the steady-state value of the inactivation variable on membrane potential was obtained. Slow-inactivating barium current was found to be proportional to the third power of the activation variable. The time constant of activation is strongly dependent upon the membrane potential.
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PMID:[Quantitative description of a slowly inactivating barium current through the somatic membrane of mollusk neurons]. 68 68

We tested whether nuclear imaging with indium111 (111In)-labeled murine monoclonal (MoAb) anticarcinoembryonic antigen (anti-CEA) ZCE-025 antibody could detect recurrent disease in patients with a rising serum CEA level but negative findings for computed tomographic (CT) scans of the abdomen and pelvis, chest radiograph, and colonoscopy or barium enema. Twenty patients with a history of completely resected CEA-producing adenocarcinoma (18 with colon cancer, one with breast cancer, and one with Hodgkin's disease) and a rising serum CEA level were given an intravenous infusion of 2 mg of 111In-labeled ZCE-025 mixed with 38 mg of unlabeled ZCE-025. Planar and single-photon emission CT (SPECT) scans were acquired at 72 and 144 hours, and in 19 of the 20 patients these were positive. Of those 19, 13 underwent exploratory surgery, and cancer was found in 10, and two had a diagnostic biopsy, which confirmed cancer. Three patients who had negative laparotomies and all four patients who did not undergo surgery or biopsy were followed radiologically. In all seven, cancer was subsequently detected at the sites suggested by the ZCE-025 scan. Thus, tumor was confirmed in all 19 patients with positive scans. Five of 13 patients who were explored benefited from the study and the exploratory laparotomy, as disease was entirely resected in four or was subjected to definitive radiation therapy to the pelvis in the fifth. In two additional patients who were not explored, MoAb imaging resulted in definitive therapy to regionally confined recurrent disease. 111In-labeled anti-CEA MoAb ZCE-025 scanning in patients with rising CEA successfully imaged metastatic colorectal cancer that eluded detection by other methods and affected the care given to some. These results suggest an important role for 111In-labeled ZCE-025 scanning among patients with rising CEA and otherwise occult metastatic cancer.
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PMID:Imaging with indium111-labeled anticarcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody ZCE-025 of recurrent colorectal or carcinoembryonic antigen-producing cancer in patients with rising serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels and occult metastases. 219 20

The active and passive electrical properties of the after-hyperpolarizing (AH) cell of the guinea-pig myenteric plexus were analysed using a single-electrode voltage or current clamp. Action potentials were compared under normal conditions, in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX) and in the presence of both TTX and tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA). Calcium action potentials were studied by examining their calcium dependence, the actions of manganese and the effect of substituting barium for calcium. The maximum rate of rise of the action potential did not increase in calcium concentrations above 10 mM. The half-saturation concentration was 2 mM-calcium. AH cells exhibited five predominant currents consisting of an inward sodium current, an inward calcium current and three outward currents. There was a transient outward current which was inactivated at holding potentials more positive than -65 mV and was suppressed by 4-aminopyridine and barium but not by external TEA. A second outward current observed in the presence of 10 mM-external TEA had properties consistent with that of the delayed rectifier (Hodgkin & Huxley, 1952). A third outward current was the calcium-dependent slow after-hyperpolarizing current (Hirst, Johnson & van Helden, 1985). The voltage dependence, the action of calcium antagonists, the effect of barium substitution and the temporal characteristics of calcium currents were studied. The peak calcium current density was in excess of 100 microA/cm2 in 2.5 mM-calcium solution at 35 degrees C for depolarizations to -10 mV. Calcium currents showed at least two phases of inactivation. Both calcium and barium currents showed early inactivation with decay occurring over the first 10-40 ms. The calcium-activated current precluded direct measurement of slow inactivation of the calcium current. Barium currents studied over the first 100-150 ms had a very slow inactivating component.
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PMID:The calcium current in a myenteric neurone of the guinea-pig ileum. 258 Sep 78

Even after the advent of endoscopic ultrasonography, conventional US can still be useful in the follow-up of advanced gastric lymphomas. Typical US pattern is (diffuse) hypoechoic thickening of the gastric wall. The conventional US findings, together with the barium examination, the endoscopic, histological and CT results were retrospectively (5 patients) and prospectively (5 patients) evaluated and compared of 10 patients with primary (n = 4) or secondary gastric lymphomas. Normal US gastric thickness was assessed as less than or equal to 7 mm. Four unresectable patients with secondary non-Hodgkin lymphomas underwent chemotherapy; their conventional US follow-up has been shown to correspond to CT findings and endoscopically-guided biopsies. Preliminary results show that increased echogenicity and reduced thickness in conventional US scans correspond to regression of the disease. The maximum gastric wall thickness found after chemotherapy was 10 mm, due to residual scarring.
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PMID:[Gastric lymphomas. The role of echotomography]. 266 16

1. Instantaneous current-voltage (I-V) relations were measured from tail currents with 10 mM-external calcium at 20 degrees C. The I-V relations had a lower potential dependence than predicted by the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz constant-field equation. Previously proposed symmetric two-site three-barrier (2S3B) rate theory models were able to account for the I-V relations reasonably well. 2. Reversal of the current flow through the calcium channels was recorded using 10 mM-barium internally and 20 mM-barium externally. The channels appeared to rectify at positive potentials, a property not consistent with symmetric rate theory models. 3. Externally applied cadmium ions blocked the calcium channels through at least two sites. One high-affinity blocking site was located within the membrane electric field and had a dissociation constant of around 16 microM at O mV. Cadmium block at this site was relieved with hyperpolarization with a voltage dependence equivalent to a divalent cation moving through about 75% of the membrane electric field. 4. A low-affinity potential-independent blocking site also appeared to be present, having a dissociation constant of around 106 microM. 5. Cadmium had significant effects on the tail current kinetics at potentials close to 0 mV, presumably due to slow unblocking events. The rate at which cadmium ions left the calcium channel free to conduct was estimated to be about 3300 s-1 at +10 mV.
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PMID:Permeation of barium and cadmium through slowly inactivating calcium channels in cat sensory neurones. 285 42

Gastrointestinal and retroperitoneal sarcoma are uncommon tumours. Out of 26 cases treated over the last 6 years, there were 16 smooth muscle tumours (SMT) and 10 non Hodgkin Lymphomas (ML). 7 cases of SMT were leiomyosarcoma. The majority of the cases were found in the stomach. 8 cases presented as acute emergencies while the non acute cases had non specific complaints. Despite the use of barium studies, gastroscopy and CT scan, only 5 cases were diagnosed preoperatively. The majority underwent curative resection. ML cases had a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. 2 patients with large and high grade leiomyosarcomas have died. 4 patients with ML have also died, 2 with locally advanced disease and 2 with distant metastases. We conclude that most cases are not diagnosed preoperatively due to their rarity and nonspecific clinical presentation. The important prognostic factors are size and mitotic index for SMT and stage of the disease for ML.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal and retroperitoneal sarcoma--local experience and review of the literature. 305 23

Endoscopic ultrasonography was performed in 8 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the stomach. Findings consisted of intramural infiltration or mucosal alteration together with perigastric lymph nodes, or both. Lymph node involvement was suggested by the presence of inhomogeneous hypoechoic echopatterns with clearly demarcated borders. Endoscopic ultrasonography was more accurate than computed tomography scan in the detection of transmural extent of malignancy and adjacent lymph node involvement. Because of the limited penetration depth of endoscopic ultrasonography, approximately 10 cm, more distant lymph nodes might be more clearly detected with computed tomography scan. Endoscopic ultrasonography was also more accurate than endoscopy and barium meal in the assessment of gastric wall infiltration. The resectability of gastric non-Hodgkin lymphoma was reliably detected by endoscopic ultrasonography before surgery. Endoscopic ultrasonography appears to be a sensitive diagnostic modality for detection, staging, and follow-up in gastric non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Technical improvements may further enhance the diagnostic value of this new procedure.
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PMID:Endoscopic ultrasonography of non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the stomach. 352 41

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was performed in 10 patients with gastric non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). EUS visualized hypoechoic intramural lesions with destruction of normal gastric wall architecture together with perigastric lymph node involvement. EUS was more accurate than endoscopy, barium meal, and computerized tomography scan in detecting and staging gastric NHL because of the high resolution. The non-resectability could reliably be diagnosed before surgery based on the detection of deep infiltration of the lesion into the surrounding tissues and/or organs EUS appears to be a sensitive diagnostic modality for detecting, staging, and following up after chemotherapy of gastric NHL. Technical improvements allowing ultrasonically guided biopsy or cytological puncture may further enhance its diagnostic usefulness.
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PMID:Endoscopic ultrasonography in detection and staging of gastric non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Comparison with gastroscopy, barium meal, and computerized tomography scan. 353 39

A patient seen at presentation for Hodgkin's disease (HD) at stage IV B was successfully treated with MOPP. In remission he developed coeliac disease, controlled by dietary measures, but 26 months after the end of chemotherapy a severe dyspeptic syndrome appeared; endoscopy and barium meal suggested the presence of a gastric tumour, which was surgically removed and showed the histological features of a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, lympho-histiocytic type. Only moderate chemotherapy was given after the operation and the patient obtained a new complete remission which has lasted 3 years so far. It is likely that the immune depression caused by HD itself and the relevant chemotherapy may have favoured the occurrence of both coeliac disease and subsequent gastric lymphoma.
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PMID:Gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma after successful treatment of Hodgkin's disease. 375 40


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