Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A number of different immunotoxins composed of cell-specific targeting structures coupled to plant or bacterial toxins have increasingly been evaluated for immunotherapy. Because these foreign proteins are highly immunogenic in humans, we have developed a new CD30 ligand-based fusion toxin (Ang-CD30L) using the human RNase angiogenin. The completely human fusion gene was inserted into a pET-based expression plasmid. Transformed Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) were grown under osmotic stress conditions in the presence of compatible solutes. After isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactoside induction, the M(r) 37,000 His(10)-tagged Ang-CD30L was directed into the periplasmic space and functionally purified by a combination of metal ion affinity followed by enterokinase cleavage of the His(10)-Tag and molecular size chromatography. The characteristics of the recombinant protein were assessed by ELISA, flow cytometry, and toxicity assays showing specific activity against CD30(+) Hodgkin-derived cells. Specific binding activity of Ang-CD30L was verified by competition with anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody Ki-4 and commercially available CD30L-CD8 chimeric protein. Ang-CD30L showed RNase activity in vitro. The human recombinant immunotoxin showed significant toxicity toward several CD30-positive cell lines (HDLM-2, L1236, KM-H2, and L540Cy) and exhibited highest cytotoxicity against L540 cells (IC(50) = 8 ng/ml) as determined by cell proliferation assays. CD30 specificity was confirmed by competitive toxicity assays. This is the first report on the specific cytotoxicity of a recombinant completely human fusion toxin with possibly largely reduced immunogenicity for the treatment of CD30-positive malignancies.
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PMID:Human angiogenin fused to human CD30 ligand (Ang-CD30L) exhibits specific cytotoxicity against CD30-positive lymphoma. 1175 93

Plasma cell neoplasia occurs much less frequently than high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkins lymphoma in HIV-infected patients, but is nevertheless an AIDS-associated malignancy. In this report, we describe the fine-needle aspiration (FNA) findings of a mass in the left parotid region with plasmablastic features that occurred in a 41-yr-old HIV-infected homosexual man whom we diagnosed as having anaplastic myeloma. The patient had normochromic, normocytic anemia with a hematocrit of 21%, a white blood count of 2.2 x 10(9)/l with 76% neutrophils, and a CD4 count of 31%. He also had elevated levels of calcium (13.2 mg/dl), alkaline phosphatase (25,400 IU/l), blood urea nitrogen (2,600 mg/dl), and creatinine (2.5 mg/dl). Serum protein electrophoresis showed polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia without any monoclonal component. A bone survey revealed multiple punched-out lytic lesions. FNA smears showed large plasmacytoid cells with eccentrically placed nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and moderate amounts of basophilic cytoplasm. By immunocytochemical staining, tumor cells were negative for CD19, CD20, and leukocyte-common antigen (LCA), but strongly positive for CD38 and kappa light chain. Anaplastic myeloma and plasmablastic lymphoma were considered in the differential diagnosis. Although the cytomorphologic and immunophenotypic findings of our case overlapped with those of plasmablastic lymphoma, the pattern of bone involvement with punched-out lytic lesions and absence of localization of the tumor to the mucosa of the oral cavity led us to a diagnosis of anaplastic myeloma. The patient initially received antiretroviral therapy followed by thalidomide and pulse dexamethasome therapy, but his response was poor. His HIV load increased, and his malignancy rapidly progressed with the development of multiple vertebral lesions, extraosseous extension, and eventually cord compression. He died of the disease less than 2 mo after presentation.
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PMID:Fine-needle aspiration cytology of a case of HIV-associated anaplastic myeloma. 1235 99

Intravascular lymphoma (IVL) is an extremely rare form of extra-nodal non-Hodgkins lymphoma characterised by the proliferation of neoplastic lymphocytes within the lumina of small arteries, veins and capillaries. The great majority of reported cases appear to be of B cell lineage. There is a wide variation in clinical presentation, and multiple organs are usually affected. We report a case of a 67-year-old man who presented with constitutional symptoms and neurological deficit and was diagnosed following bone-marrow trephine. His disease responded to polychemotherapy treatment but he died 15 months after diagnosis. This case in unusual in that it is generally felt that bone marrow is relatively spared until late in the disease and is often not clearly demonstrable histologically. In addition, this case supports the limited data that responses can be obtained following polychemotherapy treatment, although the prognosis remains generally poor.
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PMID:A rare case of intravascular lymphoma diagnosed on bone marrow trephine. 1473 55

Our understanding of gonadal pathology has reached its current state as a result of the contributions of numerous outstanding investigators. Knowledge of testicular tumor pathology dates back to the great British workers Percival Pott and Sir Astley Cooper but the single greatest early stride was made with the description in 1906 by the French urologist Maurice Chevassu of the seminoma. The seminal 1946 paper of Nathan B Friedman and Robert A Moore, which segregated out as a distinct entity embryonal carcinoma, is, however, the foundation for the current classification of testicular tumors. In that year Pierre Masson described the distinctive neoplasm, the spermatocytic seminoma. The 1950s saw the publication of an important paper by Frank J Dixon and Dr Moore and they also wrote the first series fascicle on testicular tumors. In this same timeframe, and thereafter, Robert E Scully made significant contributions to testicular pathology, writing the first English language paper on spermatocytic seminoma, describing several subtypes of sex cord tumor, and also the distinctive lesion of intersex, the gonadoblastoma, as well as playing a major role in 1980 in formulating the current classification of premalignant lesions of the testis. The current classification of testicular tumors was arrived at in the early 1970s when the World Health Organization, under the leadership of Dr FK Mostofi, who himself made notable contributions to testicular pathology, devised what is fundamentally the current classification of neoplasms of the male gonad. Although comments on ovarian pathology were made by such legendary figures of earlier times as Giovanni Battista Morgagni and Matthew Baillie, it is only in the mid to later years of the 19th century that contributions, mostly in Europe, began to move knowledge of ovarian pathology to its current state. Thomas Hodgkin, Richard Bright, and Sir James Paget all wrote extensively on ovarian neoplasms. In 1870, Heinrich Waldeyer, and later in that century, another German, Hermann Johannes Pfannenstiel wrote important papers on the surface epithelial tumors. The latter was likely the first to refer to neoplasms now known as of 'borderline malignancy' and also wrote on pseudomyxoma peritonei and other topics. Their work was followed by that of Robert Meyer who made monumental contributions to gynecological pathology, including recognizing the Brenner tumor as a distinctive neoplasm and proposing the first classification of Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors (arrhenoblastomas). He also coined the term 'disgerminoma' (soon changed to dysgerminoma) for the ovarian tumor that had been described in detail by the French investigator Marcel Chenot 5 years after Chevassu had mentioned the tumor in his paper describing the seminoma. During the Meyer era other significant contributions were made by, among others, Howard C Taylor writing on the borderline tumors and John A Sampson writing on endometriosis and tumors, associated with it. In the second-half of the 20th century major contributions were made by Gunnar Teilum of Denmark and Lars Santesson of Sweden. Dr Teilum delineated the morphologic features of the yolk sac tumor and noted the resemblance of papillary formations within it to the endodermal sinuses of the rat placenta. He also wrote extensively on sex cord tumors in both gonads. At a FIGO meeting in 1961 Dr Santesson played a major role in formulating the first organized classification of the surface epithelial-stromal tumors of the ovary and also promoted the endometrioid carcinoma as a special variant of ovarian cancer. In a career spanning over 50 years, Dr Scully was the architect of the modern classification of ovarian tumors being the driving force behind the influential 1973 World Health Organization classification of them. His many original observations have touched upon virtually all categories of ovarian tumor pathology. His second series fascicle 'Tumors of the Ovaries and Maldeveloped Gonads' utilized the WHO classification and presented a lucid elaboration of his by then vast experience with ovarian tumors. All the above have left a rich legacy which those who follow in their path will be challenged to equal.
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PMID:A brief history of the pathology of the gonads. 1552 87

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the bone is a very rare disease that accounts for approximately 5% of all extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and for 7-10% of primary bone tumours. We report the case of a 28-year-old man who, in June 2001, presented with a right humerus showing painful destructive lesions with pathological fractures. Biopsy revealed diffuse, large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma expressing CD20. The patient received six cycles of conventional chemotherapeutic regimen, including cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone, and VP-16 (etoposide), ifosfamide and mitoxantrone. His arm pain worsened, and x-rays demonstrated progressive disease. He began a trial of rituximab, 750 mg/week, for 4 weeks. There was improvement in pain after the first infusion. Radiographic studies conducted 3 months after rituximab therapy showed marked improvement in his humerus disease. MRI showed a decrease of tumour volume with residual minor signal abnormalities of the bone marrow. He had no evidence of recurrent lymphoma 24 months later.
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PMID:Dramatical improvement of chemoresistant bone lymphoma with rituximab. 1624 86

A 23-year-old Caucasian man diagnosed with stage IVB Hodgkin's disease was referred to a university oncology section after completing 1.5 cycles of chemotherapy. His chemotherapy consisted of doxorubicin HCL, bleomycin, dacarbazine, and vinblastine, with prophylactic administration of a granulocyte colony stimulating factor. He had developed postchemotherapy complications of possible cellulitis and necrotizing fasciitis that required wound debridement. The wound and tissue cultures were negative. Biopsies taken at the time revealed a dense inflammatory infiltrate consistent with an abscess. Over the course of 2 months, the wound healed with systemic antibiotics. The patient was reluctant to resume chemotherapy for his Hodgkin's disease because of his previous presumed skin infections. However, positive emission tomographic scanning revealed disease progression. Doxorubicin, bleomycin, dacarbazine, and prophylactic pegfilgrastim (a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor), were administered. Vinblastine was excluded from the new regimen. Shortly after chemotherapy and an injection of pegfilgrastim, the patient developed poorly defined, rapidly progressive erythema, edema, and pain in his right forearm. He presented to the emergency room, was evaluated by the orthopedics service, and taken to the operating room for debridement of suspected necrotizing fasciitis. When the dermatology service consulted the following day, the patient had developed an erythematous, edematous, tender plaque on his chest. After developing two additional lesions that began to ulcerate despite treatment with imipenem, vancomycin, clindamycin, rifampin, and gentamicin, the patient consented to a skin biopsy. His wound cultures continued to be negative.
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PMID:Pyoderma gangrenosum related to a new granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. 1660 45

The patient was a 38-year-old man. He had been suffering from hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) for approximately 20 years. He had active lesions at both axillas, hip, scrotum, and perineum, and inactive lesions located behind the ears, lower abdomen, and posterior neck. He was monitored and treated at different branches; he continuously used antibiotics and was given steroids at times. Antibiotic resistance developed subsequently. His general situation was bad; vital signs were poor; and he was in a state of sepsis and preshock, so this case was regarded as life-threatening. Total excision was performed first on the lesion at the right axilla, then on the lesion at the left axilla, and the parascapular fasciocutaneous flap was reversed. A skin graft was applied to the triangular defect on the scapula. No relapse occurred. Then the lesions at the hip were managed. Broad excision was used twice with the patient under general anesthesia; because the lesions spread to the retrococcygeal and gluteal muscles, coccyx resection and partial gluteal muscle resection were implemented. The defect was eliminated with a progressive flap. At the intergluteal sulcus, small lesions emerging at the median line were debrided with the patient under local anesthesia, and together with secondary recovery, the disease was completely managed. Lesions at the perineum and scrotum and at both inguinal areas were broadly excised and grafted. No lesion has relapsed so far. One year later, Hodgkin's lymphoma was diagnosed, and the patient was treated with chemoradiotherapy easily, because there was no infective focus. The disease is in remission now. The patient weighs 110 kg, is healthy, and is working again.
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PMID:A life-threatening multilocalized hidradenitis suppurativa case. 1661 41

We present a patient with granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system (GANS) and Hodgkin lymphoma. His GANS resolved with treatment for the lymphoma, but then reactivated six months later in the absence of activate lymphoma. He made a full neurological recovery after treatment with reducing oral prednisolone over one year. This case indicates that prolonged use of steroids may be necessary to treat GANS in this setting and that it can run a course independent of the Hodgkin lymphoma.
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PMID:Relapsing granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system in a patient while in remission from Hodgkin lymphoma. 1714 41

To clarify whether p53 mutation could be involved in the pathogenesis of various subtypes of lymphoma, we investigated 62 Japanese cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) for p53 gene mutations and their relationship with the expression of p53 protein. Mutations in exons 5-9 of the p53 gene were screened for using the non-isotopic RNase cleavage assay (NIRCA) and confirmed by direct sequencing, followed by immunohistochemical analysis for p53 protein. Missense and/or nonsense mutations of p53 were detected in 3 (10.7%) of 28 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBLs) and 2 (15.4%) of 13 T-cell NHLs (15.4%). A single missense mutation at codon 157 (Val to Phe) in exon 5 and at codon 273 (Arg to Pro) in exon 8 was found respectively in 2 DLBLs and in one peripheral T-cell lymphoma (unspecified). In these 3 cases harbouring a missense mutation, overexpression of p53 protein was observed in more than 80% of tumour cells. Double transversion mutations comprising of a missense mutation at codon 167 (Gln to His) in exon 5 and a nonsense mutation at codon 183 (Ser to stop codon) in exon 5 were detected in one DLBL that had apparently transformed from follicular lymphoma and in one advanced adult T-cell lymphoma (ATL). In these two cases harbouring p53 nonsense mutation, no cells positive for p53 protein immunostaining were detected, as well as lymphomas without p53 mutation.
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PMID:Mutation of the p53 tumour suppressor gene and overexpression of its protein in 62 Japanese non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 1760 75

This 65-year-old man presented to the authors' institution reporting neck swelling. Stage IIIA Hodgkin disease was diagnosed, and a computed tomography scan of the neck revealed a vertebrobasilar artery aneurysm. His medical history was significant for subarachnoid hemorrhage and coma 2 years earlier. Subsequent digital subtraction angiography demonstrated a giant fusiform vertebrobasilar junction aneurysm with associated basilar artery (BA) fenestration. Endovascular treatment of the giant aneurysm was performed by left vertebral artery (VA) occlusion and placement of two Jo-stent coronary stent grafts from the right VA to the BA. The postprocedure course was uneventful. Follow-up angiography performed 1 week postoperatively demonstrated complete exclusion of the aneurysm. This unique case is described and a review of the relevant literature is presented.
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PMID:Treatment of a giant vertebrobasilar artery aneurysm using stent grafts. Case report. 1763 88


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