Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Infection of cells of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative human B-lymphoma lines BJAB and Ramos with EBV preparations from P3HR-1 or B 95-8 cells converted these cells to EBV genome carriers expressing Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA) in almost 100% of these cells. Induction of these cells as well as of clones from P3HR-1 EBV-converted BJAB cells with iododeoxyuridine, aminopterin, and hypoxanthine resulted in the appearance of a nuclear antigen in about 1-6% of the cells 1-4 days after induction. The antigen is different from known EBV-induced antigens like EBNA, viral capsid antigen (VCA) or the D- and R-subspecificities of the early antigen (EA) complex. It is demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence and inactivated after acetone fixation. The antigen was not detectable after induction of uninfected BJAB and Ramos cells nor has it been found in noninduced or induced P3HR-1 and Raji cells. Thus, it appears that EBV-infection mediates the expression of this antigen, for which the name TINA (transiently induced nuclear antigen) is suggested. Sera reacting against TINA generally contained high antibody titers against EBV-induced EA. Only a limited number of highly EA-reactive sera, however, were also positive for TINA. Among 200 sera tested thus far, TINA reactivity was most frequently observed in sera of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (7 out of 28), in sera of the only two patients with immunoblastoma tested and occasionally in sera from patients with Hodgkin's disease and chronic lymphatic leukemia. Among 70 sera from nontumor patients, TINA reactivity was observed three times: two patients suffered from "chronic" infectious mononucleosis, the other revealed persistent splenomegaly.
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PMID:Transient induction of a nuclear antigen unrelated to Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen in cells of two human B-lymphoma lines converted by Epstein-Barr virus. 18 13

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded latent gene products, latent membrane protein (LMP) and EBV nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA 2), seem to have important roles in EBV-induced cell transformation in vitro, and have been implicated as important effector molecules in EBV-associated lymphomagenesis. Because up to 35% of Hodgkin's disease (HD) samples have been reported to contain EBV genomes, the expression of LMP and EBNA 2 in these tumours was investigated. 84 cases of HD were studied with monoclonal antibodies and immunohistochemical labelling of acetone-fixed cryostat sections. LMP, but not EBNA 2, was demonstrated in Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells of 40 cases (48%); the two proteins were easily detected in transformed lymphocytes of positive control acute infectious mononucleosis tonsils. LMP expression in RS cells varied according to the histological subtype of HD (1/10 cases [10%] of lymphocyte predominance subtype, 16/50 cases [32%] of nodular sclerosis, 23/24 [96%] cases of mixed cellularity type). That the LMP antibodies showed no substantial cross-reactivity with negative control tissues shows that they are useful probes for the diagnosis of latent EBV infection in tissue sections. The findings suggest that EBV is associated with more cases of HD than was previously recognised, that in positive cases RS cells express a latent infection protein phenotype (LMP+, EBNA 2-) which differs from that of other EBV-associated lymphomas, and that LMP expression is related to histologically aggressive subtypes of HD.
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PMID:Expression of Epstein-Barr virus latent gene products in tumour cells of Hodgkin's disease. 167 37

Microscopic intracellular detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) messenger RNA in Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease (HD) was possible by in situ hybridization, in tissue sections prepared by a method termed modified acetone methyl benzoate xylene (ModAMeX). The ModAMeX method was initially developed for simultaneous optimal preservation of leucocyte differentiation antigens and morphology. Two biotinylated DNA probes, corresponding to the same BamHI-W (internal repeat) of the EBV genome were used. EBV mRNA was detected in neoplastic cells in 16 of 54 (30%) lymph node biopsy specimens from usual subtypes of HD (lymphocyte predominance, 0/5; nodular sclerosis, 4/22; mixed cellularity, 12/26; unclassified, 0/1). EBV mRNA was also detected in the lymph node biopsy of 1 additional human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related case of HD (mixed cellularity) and in 2 of 4 cases of B-cell lymphomas occurring in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In other non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, EBV mRNA was detected in only 1 of 41 cases. Cases of HD positive for EBV mRNA were immunostained by CD30 and CD15 antibodies. The hybridization signals were exclusively restricted to Reed-Sternberg cells and variants. When analyzed retrospectively, no statistically significant correlation emerged between hybridization findings, EBV serology, or disease outcome over the 3 years of the availability of ModAMeX technique. The findings support the contention of a direct role of EBV in the pathogenesis of HD, at least in some cases.
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PMID:Detection of Epstein-Barr virus messenger RNA in Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease by in situ hybridization with biotinylated probes on specially processed modified acetone methyl benzoate xylene (ModAMeX) sections. 165 64

A monoclonal antibody (MAb), OPT1, reactive with T cells in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections, has been identified through immunization with activated T cells from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The antibody is an IgG1 antibody as demonstrated by the Ouchterlony technique. By cytofluorometric analysis, almost all CD3+ lymphocytes and only a few CD20+ lymphocytes of peripheral blood expressed the OPT1 antigen. Nonhematolymphoid cell lines were negative for OPT1 by the immunoperoxidase staining using acetone-fixed cell lines. On the contrary, peripheral T cells, cells of two T cell lines out of four and a part of the cells of one B cell line out of two were positive for OPT1. The immunoperoxidase staining of paraffin-embedded tissue sections revealed that most of lymphocytes in T cell areas of lymph nodes expressed OPT1 antigen. Some lymphocytes in both cortex and medulla of the thymus and erythroid precursors of the bone marrow were OPT1+. In the malignant lymphoma series, approximately 90% of T cell lymphomas and 6% of B cell lymphomas reacted with OPT1. None of the Reed-Sternberg cells nor Hodgkin cells in Hodgkin's disease were positive. Consequently, OPT1 may be useful for the diagnosis and study of malignant lymphomas and other related lesions.
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PMID:A monoclonal antibody (OPT1) to T cells which is available for paraffin-embedded materials. 189 74

The aim of this study was to compare the results of flow cytometric (FCM) determination of heavy and light chain cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (cIg) with those obtained by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method. Fifty-one patients, including five non-T-acute lymphoblastic leukemias, 16 B-chronic lymphocytic leukemias (CLL), 13 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, seven hairy cell leukemias, four multiple myeloma/plasma cell leukemias, and six T-cell leukemia/lymphomas, as well as 12 normal controls, were studied. Saponin-permeabilized cell suspensions were indirectly stained with monoclonal antibodies and analyzed by flow cytometry. Acetone-fixed cytocentrifuge smears were stained for cIg by the PAP method. The results obtained indicate that: (a) detection of cIg by FCM is a feasible and useful technique to confirm the B-cell lineage of leukemias and lymphomas, particularly those characterized by low-density surface immunoglobulin, such as CLL; and (b) cIg detection by FCM and PAP staining are complementary methods to recognize with certainty the monoclonality of B-cell malignancies.
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PMID:Detection of intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin by flow cytometry in B-cell malignancies. 249 55

The immunophenotype of Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells in Hodgkin's disease (HD) has not been clearly defined, partly owing to difficulties in studying RS cells in cell suspensions or identifying them with certainty in frozen sections. We studied the immunophenotype of RS cells with a recently developed plastic section immunohistochemical technique on acetone-fixed tissues that affords superior morphological detail while preserving a wide variety of lymphoid differentiation antigens. Nineteen cases of HD [16 nodular sclerosing (NS), 2 mixed cellularity (MC), and 1 lymphocyte depleted (LD)] were embedded in plastic and stained for pan-B, pan-T, and various T-subset markers, as well as leukocyte common antigen (CD45), interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor (CD25), and RS cell markers CD15 and CD30. RS cells were positive for CD45, CD15, CD30, and CD25, except for 3 cases (2 NS, 1 MC) that were CD15 negative and 2 cases (NS) that were CD45 negative. In 10 cases (NS), RS cells were positive for at least two pan-T-cell markers and CD4; pan-B cell markers were uniformly negative. RS cells in 6 cases (3 NS, 2 MC, 1 LD) were positive for at least one T-cell marker (CD2) and one B-cell marker (CD22). Two cases of NSHD showed no T- or B-cell marking. These data provide further evidence that RS cells in some cases of NSHD have T-cell phenotypes and that RS cells are not homogeneous in their immunoreactivity.
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PMID:Immunophenotypes of Reed-Sternberg cells: a study of 19 cases of Hodgkin's disease in plastic-embedded sections. 268 95

Expression of the granulocyte antigen Leu M-1 is characteristic of Reed-Sternberg cells and the related mononuclear cells of Hodgkin's Disease. Leu M-1 has been proposed as a specific immunological marker for Hodgkin's Disease which may be otherwise difficult to distinguish both morphologically and immunologically from non Hodgkin's lymphomas of peripheral T-cell type. In the present study the comparative expression of Leu M-1 in Hodgkin's Disease and peripheral T cell lymphoma was studied in a series of 43 cases including 25 cases of Hodgkin's Disease and 18 cases of immunologically documented peripheral T cell lymphoma. Leu M-1 staining by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique in acetone fixed frozen sections was observed in 22 of 25 cases of Hodgkin's Diseases, (2 of 3 cases of lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's Disease and 1 case of mixed cellularity were negative) and in 4 of 18 cases of peripheral T cell lymphoma. The pattern of staining in the peripheral T cell lymphomas was indistinguishable from that observed in Hodgkin's Disease in 2 of the cases. Leu M-1 staining appears to be of limited diagnostic value in the differential diagnosis of Hodgkin's Disease and T cell lymphoma. Absence of Leu M-1 staining in frozen tissue however, makes a diagnosis of Hodgkin's Disease (with the exception of the lymphocyte predominant form) unlikely.
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PMID:Leu M-1 antigen: comparative expression in Hodgkin's disease and T cell lymphoma. 288 52

Rabbits were immunized with an antigen of specific gravity, 1.15-1.21 isolated by density gradient sedimentation of the centrifuged medium of long-term monolayer cultures derived from spleens involved by Hodgkin's disease. The globulin fraction of the antiserum was absorbed to reduce reactivity with normal cellular antigens and tissue culture components, and was tested by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique with cells from 18 different Hodgkin's disease cultures, and 16 normal cultures derived from adult spleen and fetal spleen and thymus. With anti-Hodgkin's disease globulin diluted 1:40 and 1:80, positive surface staining was observed in 48% and 41%, respectively, of viable cells from Hodgkin's disease cultures, and in less than 5% of cells cells from normal cultures. Fluorescent staining of the cytoplasm without nuclear staining was observed in 51% of acetone-fixed cells from the Hodgkin's disease cultures and in 4-8% of cells from normal cultures. Reactivity of the antiserum with Hodgkin's disease target cells could be removed by absorption of the antibody with additional antigen of density 1.15-1.21 obtained from other Hodgkin's disease cultures. Antisera to fractionated medium from a normal spleen culture and to noncultured Hodgkin's disease tumor tissue were used as controls: 2-10% of viable and acetone-fixed target cells reacted and no difference was observed between Hodgkin's disease and normal cell cultures. In vitro propagation of tumor cells from patients with Hodgkin's disease is needed for detection of the Hodgkin's disease tissue culture antigen; the antigen could not be demonstrated in noncultured Hodgkin's disease tissue.
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PMID:An antigen in Hodgkin's disease tissue cultures: fluorescent antibody studies. 460 85

To determine the application of image analysis (IA) to fine needle aspiration (FNA) of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, 78 cases, categorized according to the Working Formulation, were analyzed and compared with those analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Aspirated material was immediately fixed in either IA fixative (31 cases) or acetone, stored at -70 degrees C (47 cases) for periods up to 48 months and postfixed in IA fixative. IA assessed DNA index (DI), ploidy balance, degree of hyperdiploidy and proliferation index (PI). DNA index, % S + G2M and RNA index were obtained by acridine orange FCM. There were no significant differences in measured variables between fresh and stored cases. Statistically significant differences between low, intermediate and high grade lymphomas were present in all evaluated variables except DNA ploidy (DI) (P = .074) measured by IA. DI, however, showed a very high correlation with the DI obtained by FCM (r = .94). PIs, although generally lower, also had a high correlation with S + G2M (r = .85). We conclude that results obtained by IA were comparable to results by FCM and that frozen material can be used to retrospectively evaluate ploidy and proliferation. IA is especially suitable for the evaluation of low-volume specimens obtained by FNA.
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PMID:Comparative analysis of DNA ploidy and proliferative index in fine needle aspirates of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas by image analysis and flow cytometry. 834 54