Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The pattern of changes in neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPO) before, during and after bacteraemia was studied in 34 patients recovering from autologous bone marrow transplantation for relapsed Hodgkin's disease and non Hodgkin's lymphomas. Thirteen patients received haemopoietic growth factors (7 received M-CSF, 3 received G-CSF and 3 GM-CSF). The mean peroxidase index (MPXI) produced as part of a routine FBC performed by a flow cytochemistry blood autoanalyser (Technicon H*1) was used as a parameter to assess the MPO and subsequently the azurophil degranulation. The manufacturer's normal values for MPXI range from -10 to +10. Median MPXI on the day of documented bacteraemia was just below normal in the control and M-CSF groups (-10.8 and -8.9 respectively), but it was much below normal in the G-CSF (-16.5, P < 0.05) and even lower in the GM-CSF group (-39.6, P < 0.02); this correlated well with the decreased bacteraemia incidence in the last two groups. Although contact of neutrophils with bacterial chemoattractants resulted in primary degranulation in all groups, the pattern of changes in MPO content was different, suggesting that neutrophils primed in vivo with various haemopoietins respond to the challenge of microbial agents via different pathways.
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PMID:Patterns of primary degranulation as indicated by the mean myeloperoxidase index (MPXI) during bacteraemia in lymphoma transplants treated with growth factors. 128 46

In a search for specific serum markers with prognostic impact in Hodgkin's Disease (HD), we evaluated the clinical significance of several cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-3, IL-6, G-CSF, GM-CSF, TNF-alpha) and soluble forms of membrane-derived antigens (sCD4, sCD8, sCD23, sCD25, sCD30) in the serum of patients with untreated HD. Elevations of three groups of serum factors were observed: Firstly, elevations of the hematopoietic cytokines GM-CSF (detected in 39%), IL-6 (57%) and IL-3 (13%), which occurred simultaneously in the majority of the cases; secondly, simultaneous elevations of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta (detected in 7%); and finally, elevations of membrane-derived activation antigens sCD8, sCD25, and sCD30. While the cytokine levels did not correlate with other obvious parameters, the membrane-derived activation antigens sCD8, sCD25 and sCD30 were associated with a poor prognosis. Only sCD30 correlated with disease activity and holds promise for the follow-up of patients in remission. Further investigations of these parameters at the cellular level might help to elucidate the enigmatic biology of HD.
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PMID:The clinical significance of cytokines and soluble forms of membrane-derived activation antigens in the serum of patients with Hodgkin's disease. 128 46

The production of cytokines was analysed in Hodgkin's disease (HD) derived cell lines by enzyme linked immunosorbent tests (ELISA) and Northern blot experiments. Our results demonstrate that HD derived cell lines produce a variety of cytokines, such as IL1 alpha, IL4, IL5, IL6, IL8, TNF alpha, TNF beta and GM-CSF but not IL1 beta, IL2, IL3 and G-CSF. In cell lines with a high expression of CD25 (the light chain of the IL2 receptor), we found soluble IL2 receptors in the supernatants. In addition, receptors for IL6 could be detected in most of the HD derived cell lines. However the growth of HD derived cell lines, which produce IL6 and IL6 receptors could not be inhibited by anti-IL6 antibodies. From our data we conclude, that IL6 and additional cytokines may be involved in the biology of HD.
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PMID:Production of multiple cytokines by Hodgkin's disease derived cell lines. 129 32

Expression of several cytokines has been demonstrated in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (H&RS) cells in vitro and in vivo. In order to determine whether interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), IL-3, IL-6, GM-CSF, G-CSF, and TNF-alpha are elevated in Hodgkin's disease (HD), we tested the sera of untreated patients with HD by means of sensitive sandwich ELISAs. GM-CSF was detected in 22/56 patients (39%; range 40-140 pg/ml), IL-3 in 5/40 (13%; range 13-26 pg/ml), and IL-6 in 32/56 patients (57%; range 12-332 pg/ml). TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta were detected in only 3/43 patients (7%; range: TNF-alpha: 36-66 pg/ml; IL-1 beta: 389-1505 pg/ml) and G-CSF not at all. All patients with measurable IL-3 levels had both elevated IL-6 and GM-CSF levels, and the majority of patients with elevated IL-6 also had elevated GM-CSF levels and vice versa. In contrast, the 3/40 patients with both measurable IL-beta and TNF-alpha did not have elevated IL-3, IL-6, or GM-CSF levels. Cytokine levels were independent of stage or the presence of B-symptoms, and there was no correlation with any other clinical or laboratory parameter. Elevations of the respective cytokines might be a means to maintain normal blood cell counts in the respective patients with HD.
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PMID:Increased levels of circulating cytokines in patients with untreated Hodgkin's disease. 158 17

Evidence has accumulated which indicates that efficacy of chemotherapy correlates with dose intensity and with total dose. For most cytotoxic agents, the major limiting factor for escalation of dose intensity is myelotoxicity. Attempts have been made to circumvent myelotoxicity by autologous bone marrow transplantation. Recently, it has been demonstrated that progenitors enriched from the peripheral blood can also be used successfully for autografting. The concentration of progenitor cells in peripheral blood is lower than that in bone marrow but myelosuppressive chemotherapy or hematopoietic growth factors, or a combination of both can be exploited to enhance the progenitor cell yield. The studies reported here are sequential. In the first study, eight patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease received myelosuppressive regimen consisting of cytarabine (100 mg/m2/12h SC days 1 to 5) and daunorubicin (45 mg/m2/d, days 3 and 4). Progenitor cell leukapheresis was performed during the rebound phase of hematopoiesis. All eight patients were treated with super-dose chemotherapy with progenitor cell transplantation. One patient died of CNS toxicity 48 days after transplantation but all other seven had sustained engraftment. In the second study, human recombinant GM-CSF (at 250 micrograms/m2/d as continuous infusion) was administered to twelve patients. Leukapheresis was started at a white blood count (WBC) of greater than 10 x 10(9)/L and the dosage of rhGM-CSF adjusted to keep the WBC between 10 x 10(9)/L and 20 x 10(9)/L. The median duration of rhGM-CSF application was 11.5 days and a median number of six leukaphereses performed. The median increase in the number of granulocyte-macrophage colony forming units (CFU-GM)/ml of peripheral blood was 8.5 fold.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Utilization of recombinant human GM-CSF to enhance peripheral progenitor cell yield for autologous transplantation. 167 38

To test the value of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor for the treatment of delayed engraftment following high dose therapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, we enrolled 12 patients with recurrent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or Hodgkin's disease having an absolute granulocyte count less than 150 x 10(6)/l on day 30 after autologous hematopoietic stem cell infusion in an open-label, nonrandomized study. These patients were compared to 21 similar historical control patients who were not treated with colony stimulating factor. Overall, the patients treated with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor had a mean absolute granulocyte count of 704 x 10(6)/l on day 44 after stem cell infusion compared to a mean absolute granulocyte count of 408 x 10(6)/l in historical controls (p = 0.008). The number of documented bacterial and fungal infections occurring after day 30 (9 vs 0, p = 0.01) was significantly reduced in the study group. The toxicity attributed to the granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor was minimal with only one patient experiencing chills. Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor appears to be effective for the treatment of delayed engraftment following high-dose therapy and autologous hematopoietic transplantation for lymphoid malignancies, with most patients having accelerated granulocytic recovery and a reduced incidence of infections.
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PMID:The use of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor for the treatment of delayed engraftment following high dose therapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for lymphoid malignancies. 167 92

Five patients with resistant non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were given granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF, 250 micrograms/m2 daily) after the BEAM pretransplant chemotherapy regimen (carmustine 300 mg/m2, etoposide 1.2 g/m2, cytarabine 800 mg/m2, melphalan 140 mg/m2) because persistent lymphoma cell infiltration of the bone marrow precluded autologous bone-marrow transplantation (BMT). In three patients full haemopoietic reconstitution occurred, with similar kinetics to that seen after autologous BMT. The other two patients died without sustained haemopoietic recovery. GM-CSF may replace autologous BMT in highly selected cases of NHL with progressive disease and bone-marrow involvement.
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PMID:GM-CSF instead of autologous bone-marrow transplantation after the BEAM regimen. 167 55

We have studied the effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), hG macrophage-CSF (hGM-CSF), and gibbon interleukin-3 (gIL-3) on cell proliferation and differentiation in human long-term bone marrow culture (LTBMC). hG-CSF induced a maximal increase of 2.3-fold in both total nonadherent cells and GM cluster-forming cells, but only an increase of 1.7-fold in GM-colony-forming cell (GM-CFC) numbers, influencing mainly neutrophil differentiation. Cultures treated with hGM-CSF demonstrated a peak of 12.8-, 21- and 3.2-fold elevations in total nonadherent cells, cluster, and GM-CFC, respectively, and influenced differentiation of neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, and lymphocytes. Cultures treated with gIL-3 demonstrated the largest expansion in the GM-CFC population, reaching a maximum of 5.3-fold in relation to that of unstimulated controls. IL-3 treatment also increased the numbers of GM clusters and mature cells (including all myeloid cells and lymphocytes) 7.8- and 4.8-fold, respectively. Similar quantitative and qualitative changes were induced by G-CSF, GM-CSF, and IL-3 in LTBMCs of patients in remission after treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia or Hodgkin's lymphoma. Overall, the expansion of GM progenitor cells in cultures treated with growth factors was larger in the adherent cell layer than in the nonadherent cell fraction. In addition, hGM-CSF, gIL-3, and hG-CSF to a less extent, increased the cycling rates of GM-CFC progenitors located in the adherent layer. These results indicate that hG-CSF is a much less potent stimulus of hematopoiesis in LTBMC than the other CSFs assayed, and that the increases in cell production after treatment with G-CSF, GM-CSF, or IL-3 may be achieved by primary expansion of different cell populations within the hierarchy of the hematopoietic system. The effects of the growth factors were transient and the longevity of hematopoiesis in the cultures was not altered, suggesting that treatment with IL-3, GM-CSF, or G-CSF had not compromised the ability of primitive cells to give rise to mature cells. This indicates that the stromal microenvironment in LTBMC can override potential differentiation-inducing activities of the CSFs.
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PMID:Effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (CSF), human granulocyte macrophage-CSF, and gibbon interleukin-3 on hematopoiesis in human long-term bone marrow culture. 169 95

This paper describes the properties of a continuous cell line derived from the blast cells of a patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), secondary to the treatment of Hodgkin's disease. The line grows slowly without stimulation but responds to interleukin-3 (IL-3), GM-CSF and mast cell growth factor (MGF), a ligand for the receptor encoded by the c-kit oncogene. When OCI/AML-4 cells are exposed to MGF with IL-3 or GM-CSF, additive or synergistic effects are seen. Combinations of MGF and G-CSF, IL-6 or CSF-1 give less growth than MGF alone. OCI/AML-4 cells are sensitive to retinoic acid; a dose related decrease in clonogenic cells is observed when OCI/AML-4 cells are exposed to retinoic acid in suspension culture. OCI/AML-4 cells are sensitive to cytosine arabinoside (ara-C), but the ara-C dose-response curve can be changed by altering the regulatory milieu in suspension culture. The cells are more ara-C sensitive in MGF or G-CSF than in IL-3 or GM-CSF. Following a 24 h exposure to retinoic acid, the ara-C sensitivity increases; in contrast, after a similar exposure to hydrocortisone, the cells become less ara-C sensitive. These changes in ara-C sensitivity occur in cells that are actively making DNA, as indicated by the reduction in colony formation after exposure to tritiated thymidine. Since OCI/AML-4 cells respond to many of the regulators that affect the growth of freshly obtained AML blast cells, it is proposed that this cell line may be useful for the study of regulation on AML in general and the interaction between different regulators in particular.
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PMID:OCI/AML-4 an acute myeloblastic leukemia cell line: regulation and response to cytosine arabinoside. 171 61

It is widely believed that hemopoietic stem cells have to be mobilized from extravascular sites into the circulation to guarantee a sufficient and safe blood stem cell autograft. The question of using mobilized or non-mobilized stem cells for transplantation purposes addresses the quality of hemopoietic engraftment rather than its feasibility. Two aspects are of clinical relevance: 1. The increment of peripheral cell concentration per time, and 2. shortening the duration of total aplasia following myeloablation and stem cell transplantation. When comparing the various stem cell mobilization techniques the CFU-GM yield per apheresis was highest during rh GM-CSF application (250 micrograms/m2/day continuous i.v. infusion), whereas the MNC yield was not greatly affected. More severe side effects were seen during rh GM-CSF infusion: One patient experienced an axillary phlebothrombosis. In a series of 15 advanced stage Hodgkin's lymphoma patients the reconstitutive ability of the various stem cell autografts, whether chemotherapy-, cytokine-, or non-mobilized, did not vary. Particularly in acute leukemias, mobilization of hemopoietic precursor cells does not necessarily exclude a concomitant mobilization of clonogenic tumor cells, and, therefore, the probability of disease-free survival after ABSCT might be lower when using mobilized stem cells for transplant.
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PMID:[The role of stem cell mobilization in the scope of autologous blood stem cell transplantation]. 172 28


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