Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of the study was to analyze several cases of secondary tumors to the thyroid, by focusing on the role of the immunohistochemical (IHC) exam in specifying the origin of the tumoral process. The studied group included 16 patients, investigated by fine-needle aspiration biopsy, frozen sections at the surgical moment, routine histopathological exam and immunohistochemical staining, using different antibodies, in accordance with the histological aspects. The final diagnosis was established as follows: metastases of squamocellular carcinoma with different degree of differentiation (seven cases), metastases of adenocarcinoma (four cases), metastases of renal cell carcinoma (two cases), metastases of Hodgkin (one case) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (two cases). In four cases, the primary tumors were identified after the diagnosis of their metastases in thyroid. The immunohistochemical staining was useful in the diagnosis of squamocellular carcinoma metastases, poorly differentiated (CK19 positive), of renal cell carcinoma with clear cells (CK18, CK19 and CD10 positive) and in the establishing of the tumoral origin for adenocarcinomas (CK7 positive--respiratory tract, CK20 positive--digestive tract). Secondary tumors to the thyroid are rare tumors, with miscellaneous histological aspects, reason for which the diagnostic may be difficult. In these cases IHC is a useful method, allowing to the identification of the primary tumor.
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PMID:The value of the immunohistochemical exam in the diagnosis of the secondary malignant tumors to the thyroid gland. 1764 97

The neoplastic Reed-Sternberg cells characteristic of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) are of B-cell origin but they almost always show striking loss of a range of B-cell-associated molecules. In contrast, the neoplastic cells found in lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma (LPHL) (L&H cells) are traditionally thought of as possessing the full repertoire of features associated with germinal centre B cells (eg BCL-6 expression, 'ongoing' Ig gene mutation). In the present paper, we report an extensive phenotypic analysis of L&H cells which revealed down-regulation of a number of markers associated with the B-cell lineage (eg CD19, CD37) and with the germinal centre maturation stage (eg PAG, LCK). The promoter methylation status of three of these down-regulated genes (CD10, CD19, and LCK) was further studied in microdissected L&H cells, and this revealed that their promoters were unmethylated. In contrast, these genes showed promoter methylation in cell lines derived from CHL. Further investigation of the mechanisms responsible for the deregulation of these molecules in L&H cells may provide new insights into the genetic abnormalities underlying LPHL.
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PMID:Selective loss of B-cell phenotype in lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. 1793 42

Leukaemic phase of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is characterised by penetration of lymphoma cells from the originating tissues (lymph nodes, less commonly the spleen) into the peripheral blood and bone marrow. The diagnosis of leukaemic phase of Mantle zone lymphoma is established on the basis of histological findings of lymph node biopsy and, possibly, the spleen, peripheral blood smear, and characteristic membranous phenotype. A patient, aged 60, is reported with Mantle zone (intermediate lymphoma) in leukaemic phase. Physical examination revealed pallor of the skin, generalized lymphadenopathy, and hepatomegaly. WBC count in the peripheral blood was 22.5 x 109/l, and the smear revealed the presence of pleomorphic lymphoid cells, mainly medium sized, with irregular nucleus or nuclear notches. Immunophenotype studies of mononuclear cells of the peripheral blood showed characteristic membranous phenotype for Mantle zone lymphoma in leukaemic phase: Smlg+ (lambda light chain); HLA-DR+; CD19+; CD22+; CD5+; CD10-; CD25-. Pro-MACE-Cyta-bom protocol was applied resulting in a 13-month-lasting remission. The total survival was 20 months, suggesting poor prognosis of leukaemic phase of Mantle zone lymphoma.
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PMID:[Leukaemic phase of Mantle zone (intermediate) lymphoma--case report--]. 1797 26

The most common non-Hodgkin lymphomas in Uganda are neoplasms of B-cell derivation. The field of B-cell lymphoma immunophenotype has rapidly progressed because of the increasing availability of markers applicable to routine sections. Although the latter have allowed the identification of distinctive lymphoma entities in the developed countries, such approach has not yet been used in Uganda. One hundred twenty-nine formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from the Department of Pathology of Makerere University were used for tissue micro-array (TMA) construction. Four-micrometer-thick sections were cut from TMAs and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Giemsa. They were also used for immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. According to morphology and immunohistochemistry, lymphoid neoplasms were classified as Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) (95 cases), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (19 cases), mantle cell lymphoma (4 cases), and B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (1 case). In BL, a homogeneous phenotype (CD10(+), Bcl-6(+), Bcl-2(-), MUM1/IRF4-, and Ki-67 approximately 100%) and a stable Epstein-Barr virus integration were found. A distinctive and unusual feature was the frequent plasma cellular differentiation, along with the positivity for CD30 and CD138 (recorded in 35 and 43 cases, respectively). According to our findings, most non-Hodgkin B-cell tumors in Uganda are endemic BLs followed by diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. The rest consist of rare but clinically important entities such as mantle cell lymphoma and B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. The availability of TMAs and immunohistochemistry has enabled us to precisely categorize tumors that have so far been diagnosed in Uganda as "high-grade/aggressive" lymphomas on the basis of cell morphology alone.
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PMID:B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas in Uganda: an immunohistochemical appraisal on tissue microarray. 1843 78

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is one of the most common subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and frequently transforms to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). To clarify some aspects of the natural history of FL, we retrospectively examined 43 consecutive patients who had DLBCL with pre- or coexisting FL grade 1 or 2. The patients comprised 22 men and 21 women with a median age of 53 years. Most of the patients (34/43) showed advanced-stage (III or IV) disease initially. We examined both FL and DLBCL components morphologically, immunohistochemically, and by interface fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH: IGH/BCL2 fusion, BCL6 translocation) analysis. Most of the DLBCLs were classified as the centroblastic subtype, with two exceptions of the anaplastic subtype. Immunohistochemical analysis of both the FL and DLBCL components revealed the following respective positivity rates: CD20 100%/100%, CD10 86%/66%, Bcl-2 96%/91%, Bcl-6 84%/88%, MUM1 16%/34%, CD30 0%/20%, CD138 0%/0%, and CD5 0%/3%. Loss of CD10 (6/36, 17%) and gain of MUM1 (7/28, 25%) and CD30 (5/21, 24%) through transformation were not infrequent. High positivity rates for Bcl-2 and Bcl-6 were maintained throughout transformation. Among the DLBCLs, 84% were classified as the germinal center B-cell phenotype (GCB) and 16% as non-GCB in accordance with the criteria of Hans et al. IGH/BCL2 fusion was detected by FISH in 89% of FLs and 82% of DLBCLs. BCL6 translocation was detected in 1/6 (17%) DLBCLs without IGH/BCL2 fusion. Thus, although the morphological features and FISH results for DLBCL were consistent with transformed FL, the immunophenotype showed wide heterogeneity.
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PMID:Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after transformation from low-grade follicular lymphoma: morphological, immunohistochemical, and FISH analyses. 1854 5

The nodularity and presence of T-cell rosettes surrounding the neoplastic cells has been described as a defining feature of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL). We have explored the potential diagnostic value of a new marker (NAT105) that recognizes the antigen PD-1 in a series of 152 cases diagnosed as nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma, mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin lymphoma, NLPHL, and T-cell/histiocyte-rich B-cell lymphoma (T/HRBCL). All the cases were immunostained with a panel of antibodies against CD10, bcl-6, CXCL13, CD57, and PD-1 (NAT-105). The series includes a set of cases diagnosed as NLPHL with diffuse areas, and a group of borderline cases with features between those of NLPHL and T/HRBCL. Results show that PD-1 (NAT-105) is an excellent immunomarker not only of follicular T-cell rosettes in NLPHL, but also of a subset of lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin lymphomas. However, it is not a unique and defining feature of NLPHL. The presence of PD-1-positive (NAT-105) T-cell rosettes seems to be an additional useful feature in the differential diagnosis of NLPHL and T/HRBCL, which is normally a controversial and difficult task. The standard T/HRBCL cases lack follicular T-cell rosettes, whereas most of the borderline cases between the 2 entities have follicular T-cell rosettes, thus suggesting a closer relation with NLPHL.
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PMID:PD-1, a follicular T-cell marker useful for recognizing nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. 1859 68

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a rare cause of biliary obstruction. To the best of our knowledge, non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the peripancreatic region causing obstructive jaundice with simultaneous portal vein (PV) invasion has not yet been reported. We present a 50-year-old patient with obstructive jaundice whose extrahepatic portal vein was obstructed by the invasion of a peripancreatic non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The patient denied any other symptoms such as recurrent fever, night sweat and loss of body weight. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a 10 cm mass in the retroperitoneal space behind the head of the pancreas causing obstruction of the distal bile duct and the PV. A pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with a PV resection was performed. The PV was reconstructed using an autologous right internal jugular vein graft. The resected specimen showed endoluminal invasion of both the bile duct and the PV. Histological examination showed the mass consisting of diffuse sheets of large malignant lymphoid cells. These cells were positive for CD20 and CD79a, partially positive for CD10, and negative for CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8 and CD30. The pathologic diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell type non-Hodgkin lymphoma and the patient was transferred to the Department of Hematology and Oncology for chemotherapy. He received four cycles of combined chemotherapy including cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone plus rituximab, and three cycles of intrathecal chemoprophylaxis including methotorexate, cytosine arbinoside and prednisone. The patient is alive with no evidence of the disease for 7 mo after operation and will receive additional courses of chemotherapy.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin lymphoma as a cause of obstructive jaundice with simultaneous extrahepatic portal vein obstruction: a case report. 1860 98

Dual IgH/BCL2 and BCL6 translocations are rarely observed in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHLs). We investigated the morphologic, phenotypic, and cytogenetic spectrum of B-NHL with such dual translocations. Dual IgH/BCL2 and BCL6 translocations were detected in follicular lymphomas (FLs) and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs), representing 6.1% of 132 B-NHLs in our series, including 6 (11%) of 56 FLs (grades 1, 2, and 3a) and 2 (3%) of 76 DLBCLs; 33% of FLs with dual translocations had variant morphologic features. All dual-translocation FLs were CD10+/BCL6+/BCL2+/MUM1-, and the DLBCLs demonstrated "activated" germinal center (CD10+/BCL6+/MUM1+) and non-germinal center (CD10-/BCL6+/MUM1+) phenotypes. BCL6 translocations in all cases involved nonimmunoglobulin genes/loci. Mean chromosome abnormalities in dual-translocation FLs and DLBCLs did not differ from IgH/BCL2 FLs and DLBCLs. Detection of dual translocations predominantly in low-grade FLs suggests that BCL6 abnormalities are acquired early in the histologic evolution of a subset of IgH/BCL2-associated FLs.
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PMID:The spectrum of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas with dual IgH-BCL2 and BCL6 translocations. 1862 87

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a poor prognosis that may be confused with less aggressive diseases, such as small lymphocytic lymphoma and follicular lymphoma. In many cases immunophenotyping, particularly analysis of reactivity for CD5 and CD10, is an important adjunct to morphology that usually distinguishes MCL from follicular lymphoma; the former is CD5(+)/CD10(-), whereas follicular lymphoma is the reverse. We report a case of MCL, initially diagnosed as follicular lymphoma, that at presentation expressed neither CD5 nor CD10. At relapse, it was still CD5(-), but CD10 was now detected. Studies for a t(11;14) translocation and CYCLIN D1 protein expression, however, permitted a revised diagnosis of MCL. An MCL with this immunophenotype and classical morphology has not been previously reported.
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PMID:A unique case of mantle cell lymphoma with an aberrant CD5-/CD10+ immunophenotype and typical morphology. 1868 40

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and it is recognized to constitute a heterogenous group of neoplasms. It can be divided into germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) and non-GCB subgroups. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the utility of immunophenotype subgrouping of DLBCL in a cohort of multi-ethnic Asian patients. A total of 84 reconfirmed de novo DLBCL were immunostained for the expression of CD10, BCL-2, BCL-6 and multiple myeloma-1. Thirty-three (39.3%) had the GCB phenotype, and the remainder (60.7%), the non-GCB phenotype. The results concur with most reports using a similar method of stratification. Forty-five patients had complete demographic and phenotype studies and 42 patients did not have rituximab treatment and had sufficient data for survival rate analysis. Similar to other studies, patients with combined low and low-intermediate International Prognostic Index score had better overall survival (P = 0.006). But patients with GCB phenotype did not have better prognosis, and BCL-2 expression was not associated with better prognosis. The expression of BCL-6 was associated with lower overall survival rate (P = 0.038). No apparent difference in overall and disease-free survival was noted between patients with GCB and non-GCB disease. BCL-6 expression by tumor cells appears to be associated with poorer prognosis.
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PMID:Clinical relevance of CD10, BCL-6 and multiple myeloma-1 expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas in Malaysia. 1880 Oct 72


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