Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) is a member of the nuclear receptor family that forms heterodimers with retinoid X receptor. These heterodimers bind to DNA and activate the transcription of target genes. Here, we report that the PPAR gamma receptor protein is expressed in primary myeloid and lymphoid leukemias and in lymphoma and myeloma cell lines. In this study, we compared the activity of several PPAR gamma ligands including BRL49653 (rosiglitazone), 15-deoxy-Delta 12,14-prostaglandin J(2), and the novel triterpenoid 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid on leukemia cells. Exposure to these PPAR gamma ligands induced apoptosis in myeloid (U937 and HL-60) and lymphoid (Su-DHL, Sup-M2, Ramos, Raji, Hodgkin's cell lines, and primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia) cells. A similar exposure to these PPAR gamma ligands induced the differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells. A combination of PPAR gamma ligands with a retinoid X receptor agonist (i.e., LG100268) or a retinoic acid receptor agonist (i.e., all trans-retinoic acid) enhanced differentiating and growth-inhibitory effects. 2-Cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid induced differentiation and apoptosis with much greater potency than the other PPAR gamma ligands in established cell lines and primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia samples. Exposure to 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid induced mitochondrial depolarization and caspase activation, which was associated with apoptosis induction. In Bcl-2-overexpressing chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, the small-molecule Bcl-2 inhibitor HA14-1 sensitized these cells to 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid-induced apoptosis. These results suggest that PPAR gamma ligation alone and in combination with retinoids holds promise as novel therapy for leukemias by activating the transcriptional activity of target genes that control apoptosis and differentiation in leukemias.
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PMID:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and retinoid X receptor ligands are potent inducers of differentiation and apoptosis in leukemias. 1548 92

A technique is described for the measurement of listericidal activity of human macrophages grown from blood monocytes. Phagocytosis of Listeria monocytogenes was inhibited by a glycolytic poison (NaF) but was unaffected by anaerobic conditions, cyanide, or 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP). Killing by macrophages was slower than that by neutrophils, and Listeria phagocytized by macrophages began to synthesize deoxyribonucleic acid within 3 hr of the time of ingestion. Differentiated macrophages ingested and killed more organisms per cell than newly isolated monocytes. Maximal killing of Listeria required oxygen but was unaffected by cyanide or DNP. Macrophages isolated from patients with chronic intracellular infection (leprosy, tuberculosis, fungal diseases) and from patients with active Hodgkin's disease were more bactericidal than macrophages from normal subjects.
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PMID:Bactericidal Activity of Human Macrophages: Analysis of Factors Influencing the Killing of Listeria monocytogenes. 1655 14

The K(+) dependence of normal (psi) and diffusion (psi(D)) potentials in corn roots [Zea mays L., hybrid (A619 x Oh43) x A632] was determined experimentally and analyzed with respect to the parameter xi [defined as exp (F psi/RT)]. In the presence of 10 micromolar carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP), psi behaved as expected of a diffusion potential. Based upon the assumptions (a) that FCCP did not change any term of the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation, and (b) that total potential was functionally the algebraic sum of psi(D) and psi(P) (the deviation from psi(D) due to an electrogenic system), psi(P) was found to be a complex function of external potassium and to have a minimum value of 0.69 millimolar K ion activity outside the cell. Analysis of psi allowed us to develop an equation which predicts a complicated K(+) dependence of psi such as that found by Mertz and Higinbotham (Membrane Transport in Plants and Plant Organelles. Springer-Verlag 1974).
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PMID:Mathematical analysis of the dependence of cell potential on external potassium in corn roots. 1666 Jun 55

The study was carried out to analyze peripheral blood covering 23 patients with prevalent phases of Hodgkin lymphoma received no treatment previously. The clinical analysis of blood was implemented using hematologic analyzer Sysmex XE-2100. The content of ferritin, soluble receptors of transferrin and erythropoietin was estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The free hemoglobin was estimated using hemoglobin cyanide method. The direct Coombs test, counting of leukogram and analysis of morphology of erythrocytes were applied to all patients. The anemia is diagnosed in 19 patients (83%). In 18 out of them the anemic syndrome corresponded to anemia of chronic disease and in one patient asiderotic anemia was established. The rest of patients had no anemia. The anemia of chronic diseases characterized by microcytosis and hypochromia of erythrocytes, inadequate degree of anemia by production of erythropoietin and functional deficiency of iron in most of the patients. It should be emphasized that anemia of chronic diseases commonly is normocyte normochrome anemia whereas in patients with prevalent phases of Hodgkin Iymphoma the microcyte hypochrome anemia was detected before the treatment and it was followed by functional deficiency of iron. In patients without anemic syndrome microcytosis and hypochromia of erythrocytes were marked too. The techniques of laboratory diagnostic objectively reflecting iron metabolism (evaluation of level of soluble receptors of transferrin andferritin) and appropriate hormonal response to degree of anemia (production of erythropoietin) are to be included into algorithm of treatment of patients. The purpose is to timely detect type of anemia with the purpose of its appropriate correction prior to treatment onset.
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PMID:[The characteristics of anemic syndrome in patients with prevalent phases of Hodgkin lymphoma before treatment]. 2602 56