Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The numbers of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE)-containing cells (other than T lymphocytes) in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) and reactive lymph nodes have been counted, using the Reichert-Jung (Kontron) MOP-AMO3 user-controlled image analyzer. Twenty specimens of NHL and ten reactive nodes were examined. Cells were demonstrated by their content of acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) in fixed frozen sections. It was found that lymphomas of high-grade malignancy contained much larger numbers of ANAE-positive cells (10.8-20.5%) than those of low-grade malignancy (1.4-4.1%). The number of ANAE-positive cells (1.4-3.2%) in reactive lymph nodes was similar to that in low-grade NHL nodes.
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PMID:A quantitative study of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase-positive cells in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and reactive lymph nodes. 713 Apr 17

From July 1968 through December 1977, 171 previously untreated patients with pathological stage IIIA Hodgkin's disease were evaluated at Stanford University Medical Center. All patients underwent lymphography, staging laparotomy and splenectomy; 86 patients were treated with total lymphoid irradiation (mantle followed by inverted-Y) to 4400 rad. These patients received prophylactic irradiation to the preauricular region (3600 rad/4-5 wk.) if the high cervical lymph nodes were positive; the lung (1500 rad/4-5 wk.) if the ipsilateral pulmonary hilum was positive; and the liver (2200 rad/5-6 wk.) if the spleen was positive. Eighty-five patients were treated with total lymphoid irradiation followed by adjuvant chemotherapy-either nitrogen mustard, vincristine and procarbazine (MOP) or procarbazine, L-phenylalanine mustard, and vinblastine (PAVe). Five-year survival rates were not significantly different in the two groups (86% vs. 89%, P = .4); however, the five-year freedom from relapse rate was significantly better in the combined modality group (66% vs. 86%, P = .0026). Because of the success of MOP in the treatment of patients who had relapses after treatment with irradiation alone, the five-year freedom from second relapse rates in the two groups were not significantly different (85% vs. 88%, P = .8). Analysis of a large number of possible prognostic factors failed to identify any subgroup of patients whose survival was significantly improved by the use of adjuvant chemotherapy, including patients with "anatomic substage III2" (P = .52), clinical stage III (P = .26), unfavorable histology (P = .78), age greater than 39 yr. (P = .44), males (P = .55), and S- (P = .92). The most important factors indicating a benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy on survival were greater than or equal to 5 sites of involvement, including those above and below the diaphragm (P = .15) and extensive splenic involvement (more than four nodules detected in the splenectomy specimen) (P = .15). Possible explanations for these observations, which differ from those of series reported at other institutions, are discussed.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in pathological stage IIIA Hodgkin's disease. 721 5

The effects of the phototoxic K+- channel blockers 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) on Ranvier nodes were compared to those of 5,8-diethoxypsoralen (5,8-EOP) by means of the Hodgkin-Huxley formalism. When these test substances were added individually to the bathing solution (8-MOP: 100 micromol/l; 5-MOP: 50 micromol/l; 5,8-EOP: 10 micromol/l) the following completely reversible effects were observed: 1. 8-MOP, caused a nearly potential-independent decrease of the sodium permeability, P'Na, by ca. 17%. 5-MOP and 5,8-EOP merely decreased the maximal value of P'Na, by ca. 12 and 8% respectively, whereas with weak depolarisations P'Na was unchanged. 2. In the tested potential range the potassium permeability, P'K, was caused to decrease by ca. 9% by 8-MOP, ca. 21% by 5-MOP and ca. 19% by 5,8-EOP. 3. The potassium currents acquired a phasic time course previously described for 8-MOP and 5-MOP. They reached a relative maximum and approached a lower steady-state value, kinfinity, with a time constant tauk at V = 120 mV of about 16 ms (8-MOP), 20 ms (5-MOP) and 94 ms (5,8-EOP). To obtain dose-response relations the drug-induced effects on peak P'K and on the steady state value, kinfinity, were measured. The corresponding apparent dissociation constants (in micromol/l) were 66.6 and 80.1 (for 8-MOP), 87.6 and 25.8 (for 5-MOP), and 13.5 and 6.5 (for 5,8-EOP). In view of the similarity of the actions of 5-MOP and 5,8-EOP as well as the fact that 5,8-EOP is not phototoxic, in future 5,8-EOP may well prove to be a particularly suitable K+-channel blocker for the symptomatic therapy of multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases.
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PMID:Effects of three alkoxypsoralens on voltage gated ion channels in Ranvier nodes. 1140 38

Extra corporeal photochemotherapy (ECPT) is a novel treatment for disorders caused by aberrant T lymphocytes. The effects of ECPT were investigated in mononuclear cells (MNC) of six patients suffering from either Sezary syndrome, mycosis fungoides, systemic sclerosis, pemphigus vulgaris or Hodgkin's disease. ECPT caused moderate to severe induction of apoptosis and depletion of glutathione in the MNC of two out of these six patients. The MNC were then treated with 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and UV light in vitro and analyzed for apoptosis and glutathione levels. 8-MOP and UV light induced a profile of cellular alterations that is similar to ECPT. In addition, we measured DNA damage by means of a PCR-based methodology. As exemplified by the T-cell receptor-delta and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase genes, DNA damage correlated with induction of apoptosis and depletion of glutathione. It is, therefore, reasonable to propose that UV-induced glutathione depletion contributes to DNA lesions which ultimately account for the onset of apoptosis.
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PMID:Induction of apoptosis, depletion of glutathione, and DNA damage by extracorporeal photochemotherapy and psoralen with exposure to UV light in vitro. 1172 54

Hodgkin's disease demonstrates an exquisite sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This necessitates investigation of modes of delivering these modalities in the best possible fashion to improve outcomes. The British National Lymphoma Investigation (BNLI) has conducted randomized trials in advanced Hodgkin's disease for > 30 years. The results of BNLI studies have demonstrated that MOPP (mechlorethamine/vincristine/procarbazine/prednisone) chemotherapy is superior to MOP (mechlorethamine/vincristine/procarbazine) chemotherapy; that there are no significant differences between MOPP and B-MOPP (MOPP plus bleomycin); that there is no significant benefit from maintenance therapy with lomustine/vinblastine/bleomycin; that LOPP (chlorambucil/vincristine/procarbazine/prednisone) is as effective as MOPP and has less acute toxicity; that alternating therapy with LOPP and EVAP (etoposide/vinblastine/doxorubicin/prednisolone) is superior to EVAP alone or hybrid LOPP and EVA (etoposide/vinblastine/doxorubicin); that alternating therapy with ChlVPP (a substitute for MOPP) and prednisolone/doxorubicin/bleomycin/vincristine/etoposide regimens is superior to the latter regimen alone; that the Stanford V regimen (doxorubicin/vinblastine/mechlorethamine/vincristine/bleomycin/etoposide/prednisone) combined with disciplined radiation therapy is safe and effective; that hybrid therapy with ChlVPP and EVA and alternating therapy with ChlVPP and prednisolone/doxorubicin/bleomycin/vincristine/etoposide are as effective as ABVD (doxorubicin/bleomycin/vinblastine/dacarbazine) alone; and that there is no additional benefit from total nodal irradiation or combined-modality therapy compared with MOPP; and that treatment with high-dose BEAM (carmustine/etoposide/cytarabine/melphalan) and autologous bone marrow transplantation is superior to mini-BEAM (lower-dose BEAM not requiring bone marrow rescue) for poor-risk relapsed and refractory disease.
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PMID:Trials in advanced Hodgkin's disease: more than 30 years experience of the British National Lymphoma Investigation. 1563 93


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