Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

When stained for reactive sialyl groups with fluorescein-labelled Aprotinin (FLA), lymphocytes of three diffuse lymphomas were uniformly faintly fluorescent. The nodules of a nodular lymphocytic lymphoma showed dimly fluorescing lymphocytes surrounded by brightly fluorescing, apparently normal cells. The spleens of eight patients with Hodgkin's disease showed involvement in six cases. With FLA, the two uninvolved spleens contained only brightly fluorescing lymphocytes, whereas the foci of Hodgkin's lesions in the six spleens and in eight involved lymph nodes from a further eight patients contained varying proportions of brightly and dimly fluorescing lymphoid cells. Mononuclear Hodgkin's cells and bi- or multinucleated Reed-Sternberg cells fluoresced faintly. Fluorescein-labelled Ricinus communis agglutinin (FL-RCA) for galactose, and Concanavalin A (FL-Con A) for mannose or glucose, showed eosinophils, reticulin and collagen fibres especially in nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease, whereas all lymphocytes, Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells stained faintly with either lectin. The reduction of reactive sialyl groups in malignant lymphocytes of lymphomas and Hodgkin's lesions is similar to that in lymphocytic leukaemias. It is suggested that in Hodgkin's disease these lymphocytes together with the Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells represent the malignant component, whereas the brightly fluorescent normal lymphocytes, together with histiocytes, eosinophils (and neutrophils) represent a reactive component in the lesions. Similarly, the reactive lymphocytes in sarcoid lesions and sinus histiocytosis were brightly fluorescing.
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PMID:Lectin staining of carbohydrates of haemic cells. III. The cells of Hodgkin's disease and other lymphomas. 618 88

Since 1970, we have carried out cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cooperation with Japanese scientists, particularly Prof. H. Umezawa, who has generously supplied bleomycin, peplomycin, acalcinomycin A (ACM), THP-adriamycin (THP), neothramycin and bestatin. Malignant tumors curable by pharmacotherapy are polycythemia vera (CR 100%), acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) (CR 80%), Burkitt tumor (CR 80 or 50%), Hodgkin disease (CR 80%), chorioepithelioma (CR 80%), testicular cancer (CR 80%), ovary cancer of children (CR 80%), Wilms renal cancer (CR 60%), rhabdomyosarcoma (CR 75%), osteosarcoma (CR 60%), Ewing tumor (CR 60%), brain tumor of children (CR greater than 50%), testicular embryonal cancer of children (CR greater than 50%), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (CR 50%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (CR 50%), ovary cancer of adults (CR 40%), small cell lung cancer (CR 20%) and breast cancer. Our experimental and/or clinical experience with ACM, THP, methoxy-9-ellipticine lactate, navelbine, 4-demethyl-epipodophyllotoxin-beta-d-ethyledene glucoside, bestatin and interferon is presented. ACM is effective against AML, ALL, NHL, Burkitt tumor, breast cancer. We have comparatively investigated cardiac and dermal toxicity of 12 kinds of anthracycline antibiotics and mitoxantrone, using golden hamsters. Of the drugs examined, ACM, THP, AD-32 and AD-143 cause much less cardiomyopathy and alopecia than the other agents. The results have been confirmed by electron microscopic studies. Bestatin is an immunorestorator, which recovers immunological functions decreased in aged animals. We hope that cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy will progress in future and contribute to cure of neoplasms. Japanese scientists have been making a great contribution in the field of cancer pharmacotherapy, and we are eager to cooperate with Japanese scientists in cancer treatment studies.
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PMID:[Japanese-French cooperation in tumor pharmacotherapy: 1970-1990]. 619 71

Acidic isoferritins have been identified as leukemia-associated inhibitory activity (LIA), which suppresses colony and cluster formation of colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophages from normal donors but not from patients with leukemia. LIA was detected in all ferritin preparations tested, including ferritin isolated from normal heart, spleen, liver, and placental tissues, and from the spleens of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and Hodgkin's disease. Purified preparations of LIA were composed almost entirely of acidic isoferritins, as determined by immunoassay, radioimmunoassay, and isoelectric focusing. The inhibitory activity in the LIA and ferritin samples was inactivated by a battery of antisera specific for ferritin, including those prepared against acidic isoferritins from normal heart and spleen tissues from patients with Hodgkin's disease, and those previously absorbed with basic isoferritins. Antisera absorbed with acidic isoferritins did not inactivate the inhibitory activity. Separation of LIA and chronic myelogenous leukemia and normal spleen ferritin by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing confirmed that the regions of peak inhibitory activity corresponded in each to an apparent molecular weight of approximately 550,000 and to a pI value of 4.7. Similar physicochemical characteristics included inactivation by methods that dissociate ferritin molecules into subunits and by treatment with trypsin, chymotrypsin, pronase, and periodate. The purified preparations were extremely stable to heat treatment. The glycoprotein nature of the inhibitory activity was substantiated because it bound to concanavalin A-Sepharose and was eluted off by alpha-methyl mannose. Inhibitory activity of the activity of the acidic isoferritins was detected at concentrations as low as 10(-17)-10(-19) M and iron saturation did not appear to be necessary for its action. These results implicate acidic isoferritins in the regulation of normal myelopoiesis and suggest a role for them in the progression of leukemia.
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PMID:Identification of leukemia-associated inhibitory activity as acidic isoferritins. A regulatory role for acidic isoferritins in the production of granulocytes and macrophages. 697 99

Jacalin is a lectin which reacts with D-galactose. We have tested jacalin on 75 samples of different formalin- and alcohol-fixed tissues. A consistent cytoplasmic stain of the histiocytes was observed in paraffin-embedded tissues in all cases studied of reactive sinus histiocytosis, macrophages in clear centres of follicular hyperplasia, in tuberculosis granulomas and in osteoclast-like giant cells in a breast carcinoma. We failed to find any clear binding of jacalin to the cells of eosinophilic granulomas, giant cell tumors of tendon sheath, pleomorphic malignant fibrous histiocytomas, Hodgkin's disease, melanomas, nevi or signet ring cell carcinomas of the breast and stomach. It seems that jacalin is a good marker for free histiocytes/macrophages, not for fixed histiocytes and tumors related to them. This lectin might play a role in differential diagnosis with histiocyte mimicking processes.
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PMID:Jacalin, another marker for histiocytes in paraffin-embedded tissues. 757 7

Using autologous serum for the immunoscreening of a cDNA expression library derived from tissue involved by Hodgkin's disease, a new 36-kDa protein with the characteristics of galectins (S-type lectins) was detected. Sequence analysis of the cDNA clone HOM-HD-21 revealed two homologous motifs known as lectin domains with galactoside binding capacity. The two domains are linked by a stretch of about 30 amino acid residues and share a sequence homology of 39%. While the N-terminal lectin domain shows merely moderate homologies with known galectins, the C-terminal lectin domain is highly homologous to rat galectin-5 with an amino acid sequence identity of 70%. We ruled out mutations of the tumor-derived transcript by sequence comparison with the respective cDNA cloned from normal peripheral blood leukocytes. Recombinant protein expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells was purified from lysates by lactose and galactose affinity chromatography, proving the galactoside binding capacity of this new galectin. Northern blot analysis revealed an expression spectrum restricted to peripheral blood leukocytes and lymphatic tissues. In accordance with the nomenclature of known galectins, we suggest to designate this novel galactoside binding protein galectin-9.
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PMID:Molecular definition of a novel human galectin which is immunogenic in patients with Hodgkin's disease. 904 65

Diagnostic investigations commenced on the 28th of June 1994 in Hungary's and Central Europe's first PET Centre at the University Medical School of Debrecen. The Centre is equipped with a GE 4096 Plus whole body PET scanner. A metabolic tracer, 18F-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG), was used in the investigations. During the first 15 months 249 PET investigations were made in the Centre of which 242 were diagnostic and 7 normal subjects served as control for the patient studies with brain scans. The number of oncological indications (intra- and extracranial tumours, Hodgkin's lymphomas) was n = 105 (43.4% of the 242 diagnostic examinations), neurological investigations (without intracranial tumours) formed the dominant group (n = 117; 48.3%), whereas the number of cardiological indications was 20 (8.3%). The oncological studies included those of intracranial tumours (n = 76; 31.4%); thyroid tumours (n = 9; 3.7%); Hodgkin's lymphomas (n = 7; 2.9%) and other extracranial tumours (n = 13; 5.4%). The distribution of different neurological and psychiatric investigations was as follows: localization of focal epileptogen zone (n = 60; 24.8%); differential diagnosis of dementias (n = 30; 12.4%); exploration of cerebrovascular diseases (n = 10; 4.1%); and other neurological diseases (n = 17; 7.0%). The main objective of the cardiological PET investigations was the exploration of viable myocardium. The present paper overviews both the procedures (including administrative issues, as well) and the results of the first 249 FDG-PET investigations.
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PMID:[First Hungarian experiences with positron emission tomography (PET) studies. Members of the PET working group]. 906 29

This case report shows for the first time the usefulness of positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) in the diagnosis of primary non Hodgkin's lymphoma of the liver. Results of FDG-PET, which in contrast to other imaging techniques offers the advantage of screening the whole body, demonstrated a high glycolytic activity of a solitary mass in the liver with central necrosis (loss of glycolytic activity), but no spread of lymphoma to the body. These results were confirmed by ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and were biopsy proven. From our findings we conclude that in patients with liver masses with high uptake of FDG, lack of liver dysfunction and absence of signs indicating other malignancies, a primary lymphoma of the liver should be considered as a possible diagnosis.
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PMID:Usefulness of FDG-PET in diagnosing primary lymphoma of the liver. 947 78

Increased use of glucose through glycolysis is characteristic for neoplastic growth while the significance of serum-free fatty acids for regulation of energy metabolism in cancer is poorly understood. We studied whether serum-free fatty acids (FFA) interfere with glycolytic metabolism of lymphoproliferative neoplasms as assessed with 2-F18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([F18]FDG) and positron emission tomography (PET). Twelve patients with newly diagnosed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 9) or Hodgkin's disease (n = 3) participated in this study before start of oncologic treatment. Each patient underwent two [F18]FDG PET studies within 1 week after overnight fast: once during high fasting serum FFA concentrations and once after reduction of serum FFA by administration of acipimox. Acipimox is a nicotinic acid derivative that inhibits lipolysis in peripheral tissues and induces a striking reduction in circulating FFA concentration. In all cases, dynamic PET imaging over the tumour area was performed for 60 min after injection of [F18]FDG. Both graphical analysis (rMR(FDG)) and single scan approach (SUV) were used to compare tumour uptake of [F18]FDG under high fasting FFA concentrations and after pharmacologically decreased FFA concentrations. Serum FFA concentrations were reduced significantly from 0.92+/-0.42 mmol I(-1)at baseline to 0.26+/-0.31 mmol I(-1) after acipimox administration (P = 0.0003). Plasma glucose, serum insulin and lactate concentrations were similar during both approaches. The retention of glucose analogue [F18]FDG in tumour was similar between baseline and acipimox studies. Median rMR(FDG) of a total of 12 involved lymph nodes in 12 patients was 21.9 micromol 100 g(-1) min(-1) (range 8.7-82.5) at baseline and 20.1 micromol 100 g(-1) min(-1)(range 10.7-81.7) after acipimox. The respective values for median SUV were 7.8 (range 3.6-18.6) and 6.0 (range 4.1-20.2). As expected, [F18]FDG uptake in myocardium was clearly enhanced by acipimox due to reduction of circulating FFAs. In conclusion, blood fatty acids appear to have minor significance for [F18]FDG uptake in lymphoma. This suggests that glucose utilization is uncoupled of FFA metabolism and indicates that glucose-free fatty acid cycle does not operate in lymphomatous tissue. Glucose appears to be the preferred substrate for energy metabolism in tumours, in spite of the high supply of FFAs in the fasting state. Although acipimox and other anti-lipolytic drugs have potential for treatment of catabolic state induced by cancer, they are not likely to interfere with tumour energy metabolism which is fuelled by glucose.
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PMID:Uncoupling of fatty acid and glucose metabolism in malignant lymphoma: a PET study. 1040 61

A dilemma may occur in relation to patients with cervical metastases appearing as the first sign of malignancy in the head and neck region. In these patients, the location of the involved lymph nodes may indicate the location of the primary tumor. However, in two or three per cent of the patients, the primary tumor cannot be identified in the diagnostic workup. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possibility of identification of primary tumors in patients with cervical metastases of unknown origin, by the use of 2-(fluorine-18)fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) dual-head positron emission tomography (PET). Ten consecutive patients with a cervical metastases of unknown origin were studied with FDG, using a dual-head PET camera. After the injection of 185 MBq (5 mCi) of FDG, images were performed of the head, neck and chest. In addition, endoscopy and biopsies were carried out with knowledge of the PET study. In patients in whom a primary tumor could not be identified, a follow-up of at least 6 months was used as a control. In five out of 10 patients a primary tumor was identified by FDG-PET. In one patient multiple sites of uptake were seen, and this was found to be consistent with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In five patients, additional sites of increased uptake were found, these being consistent with unknown metastatic disease. Finally, in six patients, the initial treatment plan was changed due to the PET result in five of them. In one patient, the primary tumor was resected revealing a lesion with a diameter of 6 mm. The detection of FDG in patients with cervical metastases of unknown origin by the use of a dual-head PET camera is a valuable diagnostic tool in the identification of primary lesions.
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PMID:The detection of unknown primary tumors in patients with cervical metastases by dual-head positron emission tomography. 1064 4

The role of 2-(F-18)-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging in the management of patients with lymphoma has been evaluated. 29 patients (12 Hodgkin's disease, 17 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL)) who underwent FDG-PET imaging during their lymphoma treatment programme were reviewed retrospectively. Correlation between FDG-PET and CT was evaluated, together with the impact upon clinical management of the findings on FDG-PET imaging. FDG-PET added extra information to the findings on clinical examination and CT in 12 patients (41%). This was seen both in patients with negative and positive CT scan. Two false positive FDG-PET scans were seen, reflecting FDG uptake in extranodal sites. Information from FDG-PET imaging resulted in a change in clinical management in 10 patients (34%); in two, initial management was altered, and in eight consolidation therapy after completion of initial chemotherapy was influenced. These changes in clinical management occurred in six patients with high grade NHL, two with low grade NHL and two with Hodgkin's disease. No specific subgroup was identified in whom FDG-PET was particularly discriminant.
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PMID:The impact of FDG positron emission tomography imaging on the management of lymphomas. 1088 43


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