Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We examined an antibody against Ki-1 antigen in 161 cases of malignant lymphoma, four of histiocytic sarcoma, and six of nonspecific lymphadenitis, using monoclonal antibody Ki-1, which is known to react selectively with activated lymphocytes, Reed-Sternberg cells, and Hodgkin's cells. Among them, 12 cases of malignant lymphoma demonstrated a diffuse positive cell membrane and/or cytoplasmic reaction of tumor cells and were categorized as Ki-1-positive lymphoma. Nine of these cases exhibited large cells with indented nuclei, distinct nucleoli, and abundant basophilic or amphophilic cytoplasm. Of the remaining three cases, two were of medium-sized and one of small-cell type. Immunologically, the 12 cases of malignant lymphoma demonstrated T-helper/inducer phenotype in six cases, B-cell in two case, and non-T, non-B in four cases. Tac and HLADR were positive in 9/12 and 4/5, respectively, and markers for histiocytes (lysozyme, alpha-1 anti-chymotrypsin, and OK-M1) were usually negative. Clinically, T-cell Ki-1-positive lymphoma was most likely to occur in the elderly, at extranodal sites, and had a rather poor prognosis (mean survival 35.5 months) as compared with B-cell and non-T, non-B lymphoma (7-52 months survival).
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PMID:Clinicopathological study of Ki-1-positive lymphomas. 260 19

A comparative study of large cell lymphoma (LCL) (ten B and ten T), Hodgkin's disease (15 cases), and true histiocytic lymphoma (two cases) was undertaken, using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections, a panel of eight antibodies, and one lectin to determine if any particular antibody or immunologic profile could reliably distinguish between these entities. The antibodies used were against Leu-M1, alpha-1-anti-chymotrypsin (alpha-ACT), alpha-anti-trypsin (alpha-AT), lysozyme, kappa, lambda, leukocyte common antigen (LCA), and S-100 protein. The lectin used was peanut agglutinin (PNA). Although Leu-M1 staining was positive in 11 of 15 cases (73%) of Hodgkin's disease, it was also positive in 4 of 10 cases (40%) of T-cell lymphoma, 2 of 10 cases (20%) of B-cell lymphoma, and 1 of 2 cases (50%) of true histiocytic lymphoma. Peanut-agglutinin staining results were similar to Leu-M1. The only staining profile that emerged was the presence of Leu-M1, PNA-, alpha-ACT, and alpha-AT staining in Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells in 11 of 15 cases of Hodgkin's disease. Leu-M1 and its staining pattern is characteristic, but not entirely specific for RS cells, and it was not positive in at least 25% of the cases of Hodgkin's disease in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. The limitations of this antibody and others should be recognized.
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PMID:A comparative marker study of large cell lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and true histiocytic lymphoma in paraffin-embedded tissue. 294 20

The relation of lymphoma cells to gliomesenchymal stroma within nervous tissue was studied by peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunostaining of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded surgical specimens for fibronectin (FN), factor VIII-related antigen and glial fibrillary acidic protein in 17 malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas of the brain. For comparison, 9 non-Hodgkin lymphomas, 6 Hodgkin lymphomas, and 19 plasmacytomas of the spinal or cranial epidural spaces were studied with the same methods. Lymphoma cells were consistently negative for all markers. All lymphomas of the brain showed conspicuous concentric perivascular circles of immunoreactivity for FN in parts infiltrating brain tissue. Such structures are considered to derive from splitting of basal laminae of preexisting brain vessels; they were not seen in tumors of the epidural space. Cells with conspicuous FN content were found in brain as well as in epidural lymphomas. A monohistiocytic origin of those cells was confirmed by presence of monohistiocytic markers lysozyme and alpha-1-anti-chymotrypsin. Thus, additional immunostaining for FN seems to be useful for detecting monohistiocytes/macrophages in brain tumors.
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PMID:Development of stroma in malignant lymphomas of the brain compared with epidural lymphomas. An immunohistochemical study. 353 55

Acidic isoferritins have been identified as leukemia-associated inhibitory activity (LIA), which suppresses colony and cluster formation of colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophages from normal donors but not from patients with leukemia. LIA was detected in all ferritin preparations tested, including ferritin isolated from normal heart, spleen, liver, and placental tissues, and from the spleens of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and Hodgkin's disease. Purified preparations of LIA were composed almost entirely of acidic isoferritins, as determined by immunoassay, radioimmunoassay, and isoelectric focusing. The inhibitory activity in the LIA and ferritin samples was inactivated by a battery of antisera specific for ferritin, including those prepared against acidic isoferritins from normal heart and spleen tissues from patients with Hodgkin's disease, and those previously absorbed with basic isoferritins. Antisera absorbed with acidic isoferritins did not inactivate the inhibitory activity. Separation of LIA and chronic myelogenous leukemia and normal spleen ferritin by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing confirmed that the regions of peak inhibitory activity corresponded in each to an apparent molecular weight of approximately 550,000 and to a pI value of 4.7. Similar physicochemical characteristics included inactivation by methods that dissociate ferritin molecules into subunits and by treatment with trypsin, chymotrypsin, pronase, and periodate. The purified preparations were extremely stable to heat treatment. The glycoprotein nature of the inhibitory activity was substantiated because it bound to concanavalin A-Sepharose and was eluted off by alpha-methyl mannose. Inhibitory activity of the activity of the acidic isoferritins was detected at concentrations as low as 10(-17)-10(-19) M and iron saturation did not appear to be necessary for its action. These results implicate acidic isoferritins in the regulation of normal myelopoiesis and suggest a role for them in the progression of leukemia.
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PMID:Identification of leukemia-associated inhibitory activity as acidic isoferritins. A regulatory role for acidic isoferritins in the production of granulocytes and macrophages. 697 99

We investigated the expression of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma)-regulated subunits and the enzymatic activity of proteasomes purified from tumor-derived and normal B lymphocytes representing different stages of B-cell activation/differentiation. The catalytic beta subunits (Lmp2 and Lmp7) and the regulatory subunits (PA28alpha and PA28beta) were expressed at equally high levels in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs), freshly isolated B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells and normal CD23(-) B lymphocytes. Lmp2 and Lmp7 were selectively down-regulated in germinal center cell-derived Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HD) cell lines. There was a direct correlation between the expression of Lmp2/7 and the chymotrypsin and trypsin-like activities in proteasomes purified from LCLs, BLs and CLL cells, whereas 5 HD cell lines expressing B or T-cell markers exhibited a variable pattern of subunit expression and enzymatic activity. Poor hydrolysis of the fluorogenic substrates by proteasomes from BL cells correlated with a distinct pattern of cleavage of a reference 50mer peptide, production of different sets of degradation products and significantly reduced recovery of a known cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) target epitope. The enzymatic activity of proteasomes from normal CD23(-) "resting" B lymphocytes resembled that of BL cells in spite of high Lmp2/7 expression. This pattern was not reversed by treatment with the B-cell mitogen, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results suggest that different stages of B-cell activation/differentiation are associated with distinct profiles of IFN-gamma-regulated subunit composition and enzymatic activity of the proteasome. This may have important implications for the analysis and manipulation of tumor-specific immune responses.
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PMID:Variations in proteasome subunit composition and enzymatic activity in B-lymphoma lines and normal B cells. 1109 9