Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rosetting and non-rosetting lymphocytes collected from normal individuals were stained for the presence of beta-glucuronidase, periodic-acid Schiff activity, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, acid phosphatase, and alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase. Lymphocytes which formed rosettes with sheep erythrocytes and non-rosette forming lymphocytes contained cytochemical reaction products for all five stains. Beta-glucuronidase (P less than 0-02) and acid phosphatase (P less than 0-01) were more frequently found in rosette forming lymphocytes. However, non-rosetting cells were more frequently periodic-acid Schiff positive (P less than 0-001). Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase were present equally in rosette and non-rosette forming lymphocytes. In addition, 33 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were studied for cell surface markers and cytochemical reactions. In 17 of 19 B cell lymphomas, there was a paucity of lymphocytes containing beta-glucuronidase. However, in three of four T cell proliferations, there were numerous lymphoid cells positive for beta-glucuronidase. The periodic-acid Schiff and acid phosphatase reactions varied greatly within B, T, and null cell lymphomas and thus were of little diagnostic value in determining the cell of origin of these neoplastic lymphoid cells.
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PMID:Cytochemical reactions of normal and neoplastic lymphocytes. 1 90

The levels of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and, when appropriate, alkaline phosphatase (AP) and 5'-nucleotidase (NTD) have been measured as a routine in 276 patients with malignant haematological diseases during a 26-month trial period. GGT levels add no prognostic information to the routine haematological surveillance of leukaemia. Polychemotherapy does not appear to be an inducer of liver drug-metabolising microsomal enzymes. Polycythaemia rubra vera, myelofibrosis and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia may cause little change in GGT, AP and NTD levels despite marked hepatomegaly. A raised GGT in Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin lymphoma is generally associated with active and widespread disease, but not necessarily a sign of malignant tissue in the liver. The elevations of GGT in myeloma may be secondary to liver infiltration though this group merits further detailed study.
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PMID:Evaluation of the usefulness of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels in the management of haematological neoplasia. 2 19

An improved cytochemical method for the demonstration of gamma-glutamyltransferase is described. The enzyme was demonstrated in almost all normal leucocytes and in platelets. There was markedly reduced activity in most lymphoproliferative disorders. In a single case of Hodgkin's disease, T-lymphocytes showed slight to moderate activity contrasting with the marked activity displayed by Reed-Sternberg cells. The plasma cells of multiple myeloma and plasma cell leukaemia showed activity equal to or stronger than that of their normal counterparts. In acute myeloid leukaemia the positivity varied widely in blast cells, but was consistently increased in monoblasts of acute monoblastic leukaemia. gamma-Glutamyltransferase may serve as a differentiation marker in the study of granulocytic and lymphocytic cell lineages.
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PMID:Cytochemistry of gamma-glutamyltransferase in haemic cells and malignancies. 288 2

Tumor-derived DNA from a non-Hodgkin's (T cell) lymphoma patient, assayed by NIH3T3 transfection followed by inoculation of cells into nude mice, was found to contain an activated N-ras proto-oncogene. The mode of activation was determined by hybridization with N-ras-specific oligonucleotide probes detecting mutations at codons 12, 13 and 61. A transversion in codon 13 (GGT----TGT) resulting in replacement of glycine13 by cysteine13 in ras p21 protein was found. The mutation was detected in DNA from mouse tumors induced by transfected NIH3T3 cells and in DNA from patient tumor lymphoblasts. The patient was heterozygous for this mutation. These data identify the first base of codon 13 as a novel mutation site in ras genes and indicate that cysteine at position 13 of the ras p21 is a transforming substitution.
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PMID:Glycine-cysteine substitution at codon 13 of the N-ras proto-oncogene in a human T cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 333 Jul 90

The case histories of 1200 patients admitted to our hospital over a 20 month period were reviewed to determine the degree, frequency and cause of dissociated cholestasis as a biological syndrome. Patients were divided into two groups: group I with 80 cases, included all patients whose gamma-GT levels were more than 30 mU/ml and serum-bilirubin less than 1.2 mg/ml, with alkaline phosphatase levels between 90-180 mU/ml. Group II included those with alkaline phosphatase levels higher than 180 mU/ml (57 cases). All over incidence of dissociated cholestasis was 13.82%. Main causes in group I were infectious diseases, mainly pneumonias and urinary infections and congestive cardiac failure. In group II, neoplasias such as Hodgkin's disease and epithelial metastases and obstructions of the biliary tract such as vesicular or choledocal litiasis were the main causes. Transaminase levels underwent variable increases according to the different entities, without there being any difference between the two groups. The physiopathology as well as the anatomopathological aspects which could originate the syndrome are discussed.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of dissociated cholestasis as a biological syndrome (author's transl)]. 611 5

Enzyme histochemical and immunohistochemical study was carried out on 16 cases of Hodgkin's disease in order to elucidate the origin of Hodgkin's cell and Reed-Sternberg cell. Both Hodgkin's cell and Reed-Sternberg cell do not have tumor markers such as lysosome enzyme, alpha-fetoprotein, and fibronectin, and these cells do not form either Es or EoxACm rosettes. A great number of cells in most cases contained intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin and showed gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity on the cell membrane and in cytoplasm. Since gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase is an enzyme related to the transport of amino acid into cell, it is assumed that there is an intake of amino acid in these cells followed by synthesis of protein. Enzyme histochemically, both Hodgkin's cells and Reed-Sternberg cells resemble multiple myeloma cells rather than B-cells in acute lymphocytic leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia and T-cells or monocytes.
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PMID:Hodgkin's disease--a histochemical study with special emphasis on the character of Hodgkin's cell and Reed-Sternberg cell. 613 29

Activity of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GT) was investigated in 78 intrathoracic tumors. 43 of them (= 55%) showed different activities of gamma-GT in tumor tissue. Among bronchial carcinomas activity was found in 64% of all cases. The highest frequency on positive findings showed adenocarcinomas (= 83%). Activity was also observed in some non-tumorous diseases, such as sarcoidosis and lymphogranulomatosis. In this way gamma-GT does not act as a marker for tumor tissue.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical findings in intrathoracic tumors. IV. gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase--a new tumor marker?]. 614 13

The routine practice of making enzymatic assessments for the purposes of cancer diagnosis, including the determination of total amount of LDH provides only limited information. However, the total amount of LDH may be used to monitor the effect of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in certain tumours, such as epithelial tumours and germ-cell tumours of the ovaries, non Hodgkin's lymphomas or malignant tumours of the testicles. The differentiation of LDH isoenzymes, with a view to linking their pattern to precise localizations has been studied. In germ-cell testicular tumours, there is a marked increase in LDH 1. In liver metastases, LDH 5 and/or LDH 4 are disturbed in 90% of the cases, while the total amount of LDH is raised in only 72% of the cases. In many cases, the association of a disturbance in the serum ratio of the total amount of LDH and a disturbance in the isoenzymes of LDH 4 and LDH 5 associated with a high level of GGT indicate the presence of liver metastases.
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PMID:The measurement of total lactic dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in solid tumours. 722 99

A 28-year-old man with recurrent swelling of both upper eyelids was found to have increased values in several liver function tests (GOT 162 U/l, GPT 356 U/l, gamma-GT 643 U/l, bilirubin 3.0 mg/dl, alkaline phosphatase 925 U/l). Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated lymph node enlargements up to 3 cm, dilated intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts, as well as a cyst of 3 cm size in the pancreatic tail. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and punch biopsy of the liver revealed sclerosing cholangitis. In addition to the eyelid swellings the patient also had protrusion of the left eyeball, blood eosinophilia (800/microliter) and marked increase in polyclonal IgG (6930 mg/dl) with lymphadenopathy suggesting the diagnosis of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinaemia (AILD, lymphogranulomatosis X), confirmed by lymphocyte surface marker analysis. However, histological examination of a lymph node was more suggestive of a T-zone lymphoma. Treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid (250 mg three times daily) and prednisolone (initially 2 mg/kg daily) quickly led to normal biochemical values and regression of the eye changes. In addition, treatment with interferon alpha-2b (initially 3 mill. U daily for 10 days) was begun. The abnormalities in the bile ducts disappeared 6 months later. The patient has been in full remission for 25 months (prednisolone dosage reduced to 12.5/7.5 mg alternating daily and interferon alpha-2b 3 mill. U three times weekly). This response makes AILD with secondary involvement of the bile ducts the most likely diagnosis.
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PMID:[Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia and sclerosing cholangitis]. 812 36

26 cases of lymphoproliferative diseases were studied: 8 cases of reactive follicular hyperplasia (RFH), 11 cases of non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas (NML), 7 cases of lymphogranulomatosis (LGM). Only gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) was found in lymphoid cells of B- and T-dependent areas of lymph nodes with reactive changes as well as in tumor cells of NML and LGM. GGT activity was more pronounced in NML of high-grade malignancy (centroblast and immunoblast) as compared to lymphomas of lower grade of malignancy (lymphocytic, centroblast-centrocytic and in Lennert lymphoma). GGT activity in cells of Hodgkin and Berezovsky-Sterberg in some cases of LGM was high, in others low. Significant differences in GGT activity between RFH and follicular centroblast-centrocytic lymphoma were not found. Activity of aminopeptidase M was observed in histiocytes, fibroblasts, vessels and areas of connective tissue growth. Aminopeptidase A activity was observed in vessels only. Activity of dipeptidyl(amino)peptidase IV was observed in some lymphoid cells in RFH, NML and LGM. Thus, GGT activity may be considered as a differential-diagnostic marker in separating NML of high and low degree of malignancy and this may presume a different sensitivity to the therapy.
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PMID:[Aminopeptidases in cells of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of varying degrees of malignancy and in lymphogranulomatosis]. 933 54


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