Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome has recently been detected in various non-B cell neoplasms, including various T-cell leukemias and in Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease, but the contribution of EBV genes to the transformed phenotype remains unclear. We have investigated the possible effect which the EBV genes LMP1 and EBNA2, of which the expression has been reported in non-B cell neoplasms, may have on a variety of cell types. The LMP1 and EBNA2 genes were transiently expressed from heterologous promoters in two human T-cell lines (HPB-ALL and Jurkat), two human cell lines of the myeloid lineage (K562 and U937), one type I Burkitt's lymphoma cell line (Rael) and in human primary T cells and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. The cell surface expression of CD23, CD21, ICAM-1 and LFA-1 was monitored on transfected cells. In the cell lines, except U937, the surface antigens CD21 and ICAM-1 were upregulated in a dose-dependent and transient manner by the transient expression of LMP1, and EBNA2 slightly enhanced the effects of LMP1 on CD23 and CD21 upregulation. LMP1 also induced increased CD21, ICAM-1 and LFA-1 surface expression on transfected primary T-cells, and CD21 and ICAM-1 in four of five B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias tested. Finally, LMP1 transient expression caused increased cell size of the primary T cells and responding B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Our results strongly suggest that LMP1 can trigger specific responses in a variety of white cell types and thus is probably contributing to the phenotype of EBV-positive tumor cells not only in the B-cell lineage.
 ...
PMID:Transient expression of the Epstein-Barr virus LMP1 gene in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, T cells, and hematopoietic cell lines: cell-type-independent-induction of CD23, CD21, and ICAM-1. 809 69

Immunosuppressed individuals are at high risk for the development of hematologic malignancies. The typical lymphomas arising in organ transplant recipients are B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas that contain Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA sequences. We investigated the characteristics of posttransplant lymphomas that lacked expression of the usual markers associated with EBV transformation. We describe four large-cell lymphomas seen recently at our institution. Two of these four cases were CD4+, one was CD8+, and in one staining for CD4 and CD8 expression was not performed. One CD4+ lymphoma was a CD30+, EBV- large-cell lymphoma from a 65-year-old kidney transplant recipient, the second was an EBV+ large-cell lymphoma from a 25-year-old heart transplant patient. Two T-cell lymphomas were EBV+ and had clonal T-cell receptor beta gene rearrangements. The other two lymphomas expressed T-cell markers CD4 and CD43, and lacked expression of B-cell markers CD19, CD20, CD21, CD22, CD23, and surface Ig. Both CD4+ lymphomas were tumorigenic after their heterotransplantation into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Cytogenetics, immunophenotyping, and genotyping of the secondary tumors from SCID mice showed their clonality and identity with the patients' primary tumors. Novel CD4+ lymphoma cell lines, LH521/4 and LK418/4, were established from tumors that had been passaged in SCID mice. An immunodeficient environment may facilitate the growth of these T-cell or biphenotypic lymphomas; the etiology of their genesis can include transformation with EBV and other, as yet unidentified mechanisms.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of posttransplant lymphomas that express T-cell-associated markers: immunophenotypes, molecular genetics, cytogenetics, and heterotransplantation in severe combined immunodeficient mice. 810 Jul 21

High-grade B-cell-type non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are observed in 5% to 8% of patients positive for the human immunodeficiency virus. Nearly all cases belong to one of the three major histologic types: centroblastic or large noncleaved cell, immunoblastic and Burkitt's lymphoma, or small noncleaved cell. Some cases that are polymorphic are termed high-grade B-cell, not otherwise specified (NOS). The authors determined the immunophenotype of each histologic category of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related non-Hodgkins' lymphoma and sought a relationship with the presence of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). B-cell differentiation antigens, activation marker expression (human leukocyte antigen-DR, CD10, CD19, CD20, CD21, CD22, CD23, CD25, CD30, CD38), and epithelial membrane antigen were analyzed. The clonality was determined by the detection of cytoplasmic immunoglobulin, surface immunoglobulin, and the analysis of joining region (JH) immunoglobulin gene configuration by Southern blot. Epstein-Barr virus was detected either by Southern blot analysis using BamHI W probe fragment or by in situ hybridization with EBV-encoded RNA transcripts-1 specific probe. The immunophenotypic and genotypic results were compared with the morphology results and with the presence or absence of EBV. Burkitt's lymphomas were associated with EBV in 50% of cases, were monoclonal, and expressed mostly immunoglobulin (Ig) MK, CD10, CD19, CD20, CD22, and CD38. This immunophenotypic profile closely resembled those of the centroblastic cases (large noncleaved cell), in which EBV was absent. Epstein-Barr virus was associated with 90% of immunoblastic cases, and only CD10, CD20, and CD38 were expressed. CD71 was expressed in all categories of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and CD21 and CD23 were rarely expressed. Two cases of immunoblastic lymphoma and one case of high-grade B-NOS were polyclonal regarding JH rearrangement, but EBV tested with 1.9-Kb Xhol fragment was clonal. No significant immunophenotypic changes were noted in relation to the presence of EBV. Such studies comparing morphology, immunophenotype, and genotype could help classify and better understand the pathogenesis of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
 ...
PMID:Immunophenotypic and genotypic analysis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Correlation with histologic features in 36 cases. French Study Group of Pathology for HIV-Associated Tumors. 820 68

Twenty-five reactive lymph nodes, 10 palatine tonsils, and 72 B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) of supposed follicular origin were investigated in an immunohistologic study of fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using a panel of monoclonal antibodies reactive with antigens resistant against fixation and paraffin-embedding techniques together with polyclonal antibodies. The results concerning the microenvironmental organization of reactive lymphoid follicles confirmed that the distribution of CD21+ and CD23+ dendritic reticulum cells, vimentin+ fibroblastic reticulum cells, and CD68+ tingible-body macrophages is heterogeneous with reference to their immunostaining patterns and topographic localization within the germinal center and mantle zone. Moreover, a close microenvironmental similarity between the follicular lymphomas of supposed germinal center or mantle zone origin and their normal counterparts was noted. The study of the microenvironment of the B-zone small lymphocytic lymphoma cases, showing the same distribution patterns for the nonlymphoid cells as seen in mantle zone lymphomas, corroborated the supposed follicular origin of this unusual variant of small lymphocytic lymphoma. In conclusion, this study shows that monoclonal antibodies recognizing CD21, CD23, and CD68 antigens may be valuable additions to vimentin, S-100 protein, laminin, and type IV collagen antibodies for investigating the microenvironmental organization of lymphoid tissues in both normal and neoplastic conditions.
 ...
PMID:The nonlymphoid microenvironment of reactive follicles and lymphomas of follicular origin as defined by immunohistology on paraffin-embedded tissues. 841 15

Results of immunophenotypic examinations of peripheral blood and/or bone marrow (BM), involved in low-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, were compared with the results of cytomorphological and histopathological examinations in 133 adult patients. 69 cases of chronic B-lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL), 16 centrocytic (CC) lymphomas, 14 centroblastic-centrocytic (CB/CC) lymphomas, 15 immunocytomas (IC), 10 cases of hairy cell leukaemia (HCL), four prolymphocytic leukaemias (PLL), two B-CLL in transformation, one splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes (SLVL), one hairy cell leukaemia variant (HCL-V), and one lymphocytic lymphoma (LC) were classified according to the Kiel and/or FAB classification. Leukaemic disease was found in 105 cases. The following markers were used for immunocytology (APAAP technique) of blood and/or BM smears: CD19, CD5, CD10, CD11c, CD14, CD21, CD22, CD23, CD25, CD38 and TdT. All cases tested showed CD19, but no TdT expression. Every case of HCL had a distinct phenotype with expression of CD11c, CD22 and CD25 and the lack of CD5 and CD23 antigens. In all other NHL cases a very heterogenous expression of CD-antigens with no significant correlations to the cytomorphological subtypes was found. The expression of CD5 is a frequent but inconstant finding in lymphoproliferative diseases other than B-CLL, so 50% of CB/CC, 75% of CC and 80% of IC were CD5 positive. Our results indicate that, with the exception of HCL, the diagnostic relevance of immunophenotyping for the classification of cytomorphologically and histopathologically defined subtypes in blood and/or BM is of very limited value.
 ...
PMID:Immunophenotyping of low-grade B-cell lymphoma in blood and bone marrow: poor correlation between immunophenotype and cytological/histological classification. 825 6

We studied the morphologic, immunologic and clinical features of 14 cases of primary non-lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the mediastinum. The patients ranged in age from 3 to 76 years, with a median age of 28 years. According to the Ann Arbor classification, 71% of our cases were in an early stage. Three cases were in Stage I, eight in Stage II, one in Stage III and two in Stage IV (one with multiple hepatic lesions and another with bone marrow involvement). The patients were heterogeneous in terms of the disease and were therefore histologically classified into three categories: diffuse large B cell lymphoma with sclerosis (DLS; n = 8); large cell anaplastic lymphoma (LC-Ana; n = 5); and low grade B cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma; n = 1). DLS was the most common group and was characterized as CD5-, CD10-, CD19+, CD20+, CD21- and CD22+. Imprint smears showed azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells of three of four DLS cases. All of the six cases examined were negative when tested for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) sequences after hybridization with the EBV internal repeat probe. DLS and MALT lymphoma cases were of a B-lineage lymphoma of the thymus, while most of the LC-Ana cases were of a T-lineage lymphoma. Patients with non-lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphomas had a relatively favorable prognosis compared with lymphoblastic lymphoma (P < 0.01 by the generalized Wilcoxon test). There was no significant difference in the survival between non-lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease (P > 0.05 by the generalized Wilcoxon test).
 ...
PMID:Clinicopathologic study of primary mediastinal non-lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphomas among the Japanese. 846 56

Expression of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) gene product LMP1 is found in tumour cells in varying proportions of Hodgkin's disease (HD) cases. It is not clear which cellular genes are influenced by EBV in HD. A total of 387 HD cases were tested for differences among LMP1-positive and -negative cases with respect to age, sex, histotype and immunophenotypic parameters (CD2, CD3, CD4, CD15, CD19, CD20, CD21, CD22, CD23, CD25, CD30, CD43, CD45RA, CD45R0, CD70, HLA-DR, T-cell receptor beta-chain, and p53 expression). Comparison of patient age and sex as well as distribution of histotype and tumour cell immunophenotype with published data suggests that the cases in this study are representative of the spectrum of HD in developed countries. LMP1 expression was found in 131/387 HD cases (36.4 per cent) with non-homogeneous distribution among HD histotypes, the mixed cellularity type (HDmc) being most frequently EBV-associated (71/129 cases, 55 percent). No relationship was found to age and sex. Significant phenotypic differences were restricted to the HDmc histotype, where the tumour cells expressed the activation marker CD30 in a larger proportion, and CD20 in a smaller proportion, when harbouring EBV. These results suggest that EBV may influence the tumour cell phenotype in HD.
 ...
PMID:Phenotypic modulation of Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells by Epstein-Barr virus. 869 46

Two-hundred and twenty-one bone marrow biopsies with lymphoid infiltrates were studied histologically and immunohistochemically, to assess the incidence and the pattern of follicular dendritic cells. Three monoclonal antibodies selective for follicular dendritic cells were used: CD21, CD35 and DR53, all reactive on paraffin-embedded material. Follicular dendritic cells were present in two of 38 benign lymphoid aggregates, 92 of 134 low grade B-cell lymphomas (45 of 62 lymphocytic, 16 of 27 lymphoplasmacytoid, 0 of six hairy cell leukaemias, five of six centrocytic, 19 of 21 centroblastic-centrocytic, seven of 12 low grade NOS), one of 23 high grade B-cell lymphomas, 0 of 10 T-cell lymphomas, 0 of three Hodgkin's disease and four of 13 suspicious infiltrates. Follicular dendritic cells were found in lymphomatous involvement with nodular, patchy and massive growth pattern, but not in interstitial ones. They formed follicle-like networks, whose number and size were directly correlated to the tumour mass. The origin and frequency distribution of follicular dendritic cells in bone marrow biopsy lymphomas is discussed and the diagnostic relevance of follicular dendritic cell immunostaining in routine bone marrow biopsy lymphoid infiltrates is assessed.
 ...
PMID:Follicular dendritic cells in bone marrow lymphoproliferative diseases: an immunohistochemical study including a new paraffin-resistant monoclonal antibody, DR53. 873 43

Tumors of the follicular dendritic cell are uncommon, and most occur as primary lymph node tumors. We report a case of primary follicular dendritic cell tumor of the liver that was initially reported as an inflammatory pseudotumor. The neoplasm recurred as two separate tumor masses 30 months after complete resection of the "hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor." It showed a wide spectrum of morphologic features ranging from areas with fascicles of very bland spindle cells amidst a background population of lymphocytes, reminiscent of inflammatory pseudotumor, to areas of dispersed sheets of highly pleomorphic tumor cells with a relative paucity of reactive inflammatory cells. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive immunohistochemical staining with CD21, CD35, R4/23, and Ki-M4 and by ultrastructural demonstration of convoluted interdigitating cell processes joined by desmosomes. The background lymphocytes were oligoclonal, CD8-positive T cells. In situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded RNA was positive in the tumor cells in the original and recurrent tumors. More importantly, the cells showed identical episomal clonal EBV on Southern blot analysis, implying that the initial and recurrent tumors are due to clonal proliferation of EBV-positive neoplastic follicular dendritic cells. The tumor cells expressed latent membrane protein but not EBV-encoded nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2) or ZEBRA. Such gene expression is very similar to that of Hodgkin's disease and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The strong expression of latent membrane protein restricted to the tumor cells and the clonality of the EBV suggest that the virus may be involved in the pathogenesis of this tumor and not present merely as a "bystander."
 ...
PMID:Follicular dendritic cell tumor of the liver. Evidence for an Epstein-Barr virus-related clonal proliferation of follicular dendritic cells. 877 85

Fifty-three consecutive cases of adult CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) have been analyzed. Thirty-six were classified as Hodgkin's disease like variety (HL) (67%) and seventeen as so-called common type (CT) (33%). All cases strongly expressed the CD30/Ki-1 antigen; the neoplastic cells expressed CD15, CD45 and EMA in 60%, 44% and 33% of cases, respectively; T. B and null phenotypes were found in 37%, 17% and 46% of cases. Bulky mediastinal, B symptoms, and extranodal disease at diagnosis were present in 36%, 49% and 25% of cases. EBV encoded latent membrane protein (LMP-1) was found in 10 cases. Of the 13 tested cases only 4 expressed a weak positivity of the CD40 molecule, in a fraction of the tumor cells; in the same cases CD21 was never found. Patients were treated with various protocols; of the 50 evaluable patients, 39 (78%) obtained a complete remission (CR), 3 (6%) a partial remission (PR) and 8 (16%) did not respond. The projected overall disease free survival (DFS) at 36 months is 70%. Only patients with advanced disease stage (III-IV) showed a statistically decreased DFS and survival. Only symptomatic and extranodal disease significantly appeared to influence survival. This study confirms the good outcome of this group of lymphomas and differs from other reports for some clinical (lower percentage of advanced stage, extranodal disease and skin infiltration) and pathological (HL/CT ratio and immunophenotype) features.
 ...
PMID:Anaplastic large cell lymphoma: a clinicopathologic study of 53 patients. 881 81


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>