Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bone marrow cell responses to injections of nitrogen mustard, oncovin, procarbazine, hydrocortisone, and a regimen of all four drugs (MOPH) were evaluated in CRF1 and C57B1/6 mice by determining bone marrow cellularity and content of transplantable colony forming units (CFU) after treatment. The study was done to determine whether the combined regimen, which is widely used clinically in treatment of disseminated Hodgkin's disease, is more or less detrimental to the hemopoietic system than the same drugs used as single agents. Nitrogen mustard and procarbazine used clinically as single drugs are given in three and two times, respectively, greater doses than in the combined regimen. Hydrocortisone, given singly, was least toxic of the drugs, reducing the CFU/femur to 63% and 71% of control values. MOPH appeared slightly more toxic than hydrocortisone, resulting in 41% and 52% of the CFU/femur surviving, and was about equally as toxic as oncovin alone. Nitrogen mustard and procarbazine, administered as single drugs in high doses, were highly suppressive, resulting in only 10-19% survival of CFU/femur, whereas, reduced doses of the two drugs as used in the MOPH regimen spared 30-45% of the CFU/femur. Survival of CFU after MOPH treatment was three to four times greater than after high doses of nitrogen mustard or procarbazine alone. The component drugs of the combined regimen did not act on separate populations of stem cells to produce an additive effect but appeared to inactivate the same population of cells.
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PMID:Effects of single and combined chemotherapeutic agents on hemopoietic stem cells in mice. 98 38

The effect of nitrogen mustard on the function of human blood monocytes and lymphocytes cultured in vitro, was studied. After a single in vitro exposure to the drug at culture start, an inhibition of the survival of non-proliferating mononuclear phagocytes was observed. No immediate cytotoxic effect was registered. Nitrogen mustard given in therapeutic doses to patients with malignant lymphogranulomatosis did not reduce the survival of mononuclear phagocytes cultured at different times after the administration of the drug.
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PMID:The effect of nitrogen mustard on human mononuclear blood cells. 99 68

A randomized study of patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease was designed to determine whether the improved therapeutic effectiveness of combination chemotherapy was due to the use of a combination of drugs or might be achieved with a single agent if given as intensively and for as long a period. A combination of nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) was compared with nitrogen mustard (HN2) alone. Treatment with both regimens was given to tolerance on cylic basis and was continued for six cycles of treatment. Sixty-one evaluable patients were treated with MOPP and 47 with HN2. The complete remission rate of 47.5% with MOPP was significantly better than the 12.8% with HN2 (p less than .05). Complete remission lasted a median of 15 months after MOPP and 12 months after HN2. The survival of patients initially treated with MOPP was significantly better than that of those initially treated with HN2.
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PMID:A comparison of nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) vs. nitrogen mustard in advanced Hodgkin's disease. 117 25

Fifty-four newly diagnosed patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease were randomized between two alternating non cross-resistant chemotherapies: MOPP-ABVD (MOPP: Mustine, Vincristine, Procarbazine, Prednisone-ABVD: Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine, Dacarbazine) and MOPP-ABVD-CEM (CEM: Carmustine, Etoposide, methyl-GAG). There were no significant differences between the two therapies as far as complete remission, survival, relapse free survival and toxicity were concerned. This study does not support the use of MOPP-ABVD-CEM for improving the long-term outcome of patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:A prospective randomized study of two alternating, non cross-resistant chemotherapies for advanced Hodgkin's disease. 138 56

While current medical therapies for Hodgkin's disease are usually quite effective, it has become increasingly clear that some of the therapies utilized carry an inherent risk for the induction of secondary malignancies. In order to examine the cellular and genetic responses to therapy for Hodgkin's disease among individuals, we have determined the mutant frequency of T-lymphocytes in 3 cohorts of patients (N = 86) and in controls (N = 71) using a T-cell cloning assay selecting for 6-thioguanine resistance. The Hodgkin's disease cohorts studied include 1) new and untreated, 2) radiotherapy, and 3) combined modality therapy patients. Additionally, two patients receiving chemotherapy alone were studied. In untreated patients, 3 of 18 (17%) mutant frequencies were above the upper 95% confidence limit for mutant frequency in controls (12.6 x 10(-6]. After therapy, 14 out of 45 (31%) of those treated with X-rays only and 10 of 23 (44%) patients treated with both X-rays and chemotherapy had mutant frequencies greater than 12.6 x 10(-6). Overall, the results indicated that the individual response to Hodgkin's disease therapy was a heterogeneous one with a sub-population of persons having elevated mutant frequencies even many years after their last treatment. The larger frequency of elevated MFs in those patients who received intensive therapy (chemotherapy and radiotherapy) is consistent with their increased risk for second cancer induction.
Environ Mol Mutagen 1991
PMID:In vivo somatic mutation in the lymphocytes of Hodgkin's disease patients. 171 45

This study determines the utility of gallium-67 (Ga-67) scintigraphs as an adjunct to computed tomography (CT) scans for the assessment of residual mediastinal masses in children and adolescents with advanced-stage Hodgkin's disease. At diagnosis 42 patients with CT scan-documented mediastinal disease had a Ga-67 scan performed. Thirty-four of 42 patients (81%) had gallium-avid mediastinal lesions, whereas in eight (19%), the Ga-67 scan was negative. At the completion of eight cycles of therapy of Mustargen (mechlorethamine), Oncovin (vincristine), procarbazine, prednisone (MOPP) alternating with doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine (ABVD), 21 of 34 patients with initially positive Ga-67 scans had them repeated; 18 of 21 converted to negative results, and three remained positive. In 11 of 18 patients, the loss of gallium avidity was consistent with a negative mediastinal CT scan. In seven, although the gallium scan was negative, the CT scan remained positive; all seven patients had a mediastinal biopsy of suspected residual disease and in all seven the biopsy results were negative for Hodgkin's disease. These preliminary results in a small cohort of patients demonstrate that Ga-67 scans may be of benefit in evaluating residual mediastinal masses in patients with Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:Gallium-67 scans as an adjunct to computed tomography scans for the assessment of a residual mediastinal mass in pediatric patients with Hodgkin's disease. A Pediatric Oncology Group study. 193 85

From 1956 to 1987, 60 patients with either lymphangiogram-staged or laparotomy-staged I-II lower torso presentations of Hodgkin's disease were treated with radiation with or without Mustargen (mechlorethamine), vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP). In 22 with inguinal/femoral or pelvic disease and 24 with abdominal disease, treatment consisted of radiation only. Fourteen other patients with abdominal disease received MOPP chemotherapy before radiotherapy. In 11, the chemotherapy was limited to two cycles. At 10 years, the determinate survival and freedom from progression rates for all patients were 82% and 72%, respectively. For patients with inguinal/femoral or pelvic disease who were treated with radiation only, the corresponding rates were 90% and 86%. For patients with abdominal disease who received radiation only, the determinate survival and the freedom from progression rates were only 66% and 50%, respectively. However, corresponding results for 14 patients with abdominal disease who were treated with MOPP and radiation were 100% and 92% (P = 0.033 and P = 0.009, respectively.
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PMID:Treatment of lower torso stages I and II Hodgkin's disease with radiation with or without adjuvant mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone. 235 11

Complete responses lasting from 4 to 14 years were documented in 65 of 331 (20%) patients with cutaneous T cell lymphoma treated with topical mechlorethamine (HN2) between 1968 and 1982. Such long-lasting remissions occurred most often, but not invariably, in patients with patch or plaque phase mycosis fungoides without palpable lymphadenopathy (stage Ia or Ib). The likelihood of a continuous remission was enhanced by initiation of treatment before an unequivocal pathologic diagnosis. Despite the long-lasting responses in these patients, however, relapses have been documented in 11 (17%) of these patients, and all relapses occurred within 8 years of discontinuing maintenance topical chemotherapy. Thus, in our experience, a continuous remission lasting 8 or more years provides evidence that cutaneous T cell lymphoma can be eradicated by aggressive topical chemotherapy. This circumstance was observed in 35 patients, representing a cure rate of at least 11% overall. In addition, when compared with the general population of the United States, patients who received topical HN2 were at an 8.6-fold and a 1.8-fold increased risk for the development of squamous cell carcinoma and enhanced for Hodgkin's disease and colon cancer but not for systemic cancers known to be induced by systemic administration of alkylating drugs. These results compare favorably with experiences with topical HN2 chemotherapy at other centers but raise questions about the risks associated with long-term administration for maintenance of remissions.
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PMID:Long-term efficacy, curative potential, and carcinogenicity of topical mechlorethamine chemotherapy in cutaneous T cell lymphoma. 253 48

Fifty-three children with Hodgkin's disease were clinically staged and treated with chemotherapy alone. Forty-six received mechlorethamine (Mustargen; Merk Sharpe & Dohme, West Point, PA), vincristine (Oncovin; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis), procarbazine, and prednisolone (MOPP) and 7 chlorambucil, vinblastine, prednisolone, and procarbazine (ChlVPP). There were four events in the 38 children with stage I and II disease. One patient with massive mediastinal disease failed to remit and subsequently failed mantle irradiation and changes of chemotherapy. Another relapsed at the site of local disease and was salvaged with involved field irradiation and further courses of MOPP. Two other children died as a result of acute graft-v-host disease (GVHD) following transfusion. At autopsy there was no evidence of Hodgkin's disease. Fifteen children had stage III and IV disease and 14 achieved complete remission (CR) and none have relapsed. The child who failed to achieve remission died of virus infections. A mediastinal mass greater than 1/3 the thoracic width was present in 19 children of whom 18 achieved remission and none relapsed. An infradiaphragmatic presentation occurred in eight, all achieved remission and none relapsed. Overall at a median follow-up time of 45 months survival was 94%; the percent of patients without treatment failure was 92; and the percent without relapse was 98.
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PMID:Treatment with MOPP or ChlVPP chemotherapy only for all stages of childhood Hodgkin's disease. 305 76

Eighteen men (mean age 27, range 18-30 years) treated for Hodgkin's disease with 6-8 courses of MVPP (Mustine, Vinblastine, Procarbazine and Prednisolone) have had Leydig cell function assessed by their steroidogenic responses to stimulation by a single bolus dose of HCG (1000 units intramuscularly). Normal age-matched men (n = 16) acted as controls. Baseline immunoreactive FSH was markedly raised in the patients (mean 18.1 +/- SD 6.9 vs 2.0 +/- 1.5 IU/l, P less than 0.0001) reflecting damage to the germinal epithelium. Immunoreactive LH was also greater in patients (10.3 +/- 3.9 IU/l) than in controls (3.9 +/- 1.9 IU/l, P less than 0.0001). There were no differences between the baseline testosterone, androstenedione, oestradiol, oestrone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations. The testosterone/SHBG ratios were similar in the two groups and there was no correlation between baseline LH and testosterone concentrations or testosterone/SHBG ratios. Testosterone, androstenedione, oestradiol and oestrone secretion in response to HCG stimulation were similar at 24 h and 96 h in both groups. In order to explain the paradox of elevated immunoreactive LH in the face of normal testicular steroidogenesis in such patients, LH biological activity (B) as well as LH immunoreactivity (I) and FSH and testosterone were estimated in a second similar group of patients (n = 17, mean age 27, range 17-43 years) and in a further age-matched control group (n = 17). Bioactive and immunoreactive LH levels were significantly increased (P less than 0.005 and P less than 0.001, respectively) in the patient group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The pituitary-Leydig cell axis in men with severe damage to the germinal epithelium. 313 51


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