Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty-one lymphograms were performed in children; the indications, technique and results are discussed. Indications are the search for retroperitoneal involvement in lymphogranulomatosis, lympho-sarcoma and reticulum cell sarcoma; in the search for metastases from malignant tumours, particularly abdominal neuroblastoma, soft tissue sarcomas of the abdomen and lower extremities, testicular tumours and malignant melanomas and finally, for primary lymph-oedema and lymphangiomas. Technique is the same as for adults, but requires particular manual dexterity. Children under six years require general anaesthesia. Amongst 28 children with malignant lymphomas, pathological changes in the retroperitoneal lymph nodes were found in seven. In six, this resulted in a change of the staging. Five out of 16 lymphograms in children with malignant tumours showed evidence of lymph node metastases. All six lymphangiograms in children with lymphoedema and lymphangiomas were abnormal.
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PMID:[Lymphography in childhood (author's transl)]. 12 77

This technique enables the exploration of the mediastinum by the cervical way, but remains an unfrequent examination in children. Among almost 1000 mediastinoscopies made by the authors, the indication concerned only 20 children aged less than 17. Made in a prognostical purpose in most of the cases (16 patients) it gave the diagnosis 14 times. In four cases the mediastinoscopy was carried out as a prognosis during a pre-therapeutics of some hematosarcomas. This method requires a general anaesthesia with intubation, but doesn't differ much from the technic for adults. Besides the supra-sternal way leading to the axial mediastinum (Carlens's technic) other ways are used, particularly the anterior mediastinoscopy--exploring the thymic lodge--and the antero-lateral way through an intercostal space. The mediastinoscope enable the visual control of the lesions, completed with biopsies of the tissues for an histological examination and puncture with a needle for the cytology study. The diagnosis was made in 90% of the cases, sometimes after repeat mediastinoscopy. The failures are due most often to an incertitude in the interpretation of the samples than a badly directed biopsy. There was no surgical incident in our serie. The general morbidity of the examination is 1,5% and the mortality is 0,1% according to the authors. But two anesthetic incidents were observed in children with malignant lymphomas and required the use of reanimation technics. The mediastinoscopy is useful in the tumors of the thymus (10 times), the tumors of the lateral mediastinum (8 times) an hematosarcomas or Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:[Mediastinoscopy in children]. 70 9

The authors report four patients whose initial symptom of tumor recurrence or progression was unilateral numbness of the chin. Two patients had Hodgkin lymphoma, one had malignant melanoma, and one had prostate cancer. Physical examination was notable only for unilateral anesthesia of the chin and lower lip. Diagnostic evaluation, including computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, plain radiographs of the mandible, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis for protein, glucose, and cytology were normal. Bone scans revealed osseous lesions in the axial skeleton of all patients, whereas only two patients had abnormal uptake in the mandible. The authors conclude that in the setting of a negative evaluation for central nervous system (CNS) or local mandibular disease, mental neuropathy is associated with recurrent or progressive skeletal disease. In addition, to document relapsed or progressive cancer, the skeletal system may have to be examined at sites distant from the mandible.
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PMID:Mental neuropathy (numb chin syndrome). A harbinger of tumor progression or relapse. 843 71

Mediastinal involvement from Hodgkin's disease is common. Significant symptoms resulting from disease at this site are less common and only rarely does severe airway obstruction occur. The authors report six cases of Hodgkin's disease in which life-threatening airway obstruction was a major feature of the clinical presentation and early clinical course. The literature describing this complication is reviewed. General anesthesia with endobronchial intubation should be avoided if at all possible in patients with airway obstruction and alternative methods of diagnosis and management are discussed.
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PMID:Life-threatening airway obstruction at the presentation of Hodgkin's disease. 198 42

Eight children (1-17 yr) underwent bone marrow harvesting while in cytostatic-induced remission of their disease (leukemia [n = 6], Ewing sarcoma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma). After the induction of general anesthesia, all patients were loaded with 10 mL/kg of a 6% high-molecular dextran solution (Macrodex--Pharmacia), which resulted in a significant preoperative decrease in hematocrit (Hct) from 32% +/- 6% to 28% +/- 5% (hypervolemic hemodilution) and also allowed the procedure to be performed without systemic heparinization. The blood aspirated during the harvest (24 +/- 6 mL/kg; mean +/- SD) was replaced with a solution of 6% dextran and Ringer's acetate solution, and the Hct decreased from 28% +/- 5% to a minimum of 18% +/- 3%. Immediately after the harvest, 10 mL/kg of homologous packed red blood cells was transfused, increasing Hct to 25% +/- 3%. Oxygen saturation in the superior caval vein (ScvO2) decreased from 79% +/- 4% before the harvest to 70% +/- 3% (P less than 0.01) at the end of it, and then increased to 74% +/- 3% after the transfusion of homologous packed red blood cells. There was a strong linear correlation between mean values for Hct and ScvO2 during the various stages (r = 0.99). Mean heart rate decreased gradually during the procedure, from 106 +/- 10 to 86 +/- 7 beats/min. There was no significant change in arterial pressure, but cardiac output measured by impedance cardiography was about 30% greater during harvesting than during undisturbed anesthesia. Pulse oximetric saturation was 99% or 100% throughout. Caval venous blood lactate and pyruvate concentrations remained within normal limits in all children.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Hemodilution during bone marrow harvesting in children. 201 22

Pediatric patients presenting with anterior mediastinal masses between January 1980 and November 1988 were reviewed to assess the correlation between tracheal cross-sectional area and anesthetic risks. Forty-two patients had evaluable computed tomography (CT) scans and underwent a surgical procedure. Thirty-four patients had Hodgkin's disease, six had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and two had mediastinal teratoma. Tracheal cross-sectional areas were greater than 75% of expected in 19 cases, greater than 50% to 75% in 16 cases, greater than 25% to 50% in five cases, and less than or equal to 25% in two cases. The presence or extent of symptoms did not correlate well with the degree of tracheal narrowing shown by CT scan except for orthopnea. Local anesthesia was used primarily in patients with significant tracheal narrowing (tracheal size was less than or equal to 56% in 5 of 6 patients). General anesthesia with spontaneous ventilation by mask was performed in four patients with tracheal areas of 33%, 73%, 76%, and 98% of expected. General endotracheal anesthesia was utilized in the remaining 32 patients, only three of whom had tracheal areas of less than 50% of expected (down to 30%, 26%, and 24% of expected) and one received preoperative radiotherapy (26%). None of these 32 patients had symptoms of orthopnea or dyspnea at rest, and only one had dyspnea on exertion. All tolerated anesthesia without difficulty. No patient in this series suffered respiratory or cardiovascular collapse during surgery. Adequate biopsy material was obtained in all cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:CT quantitation of tracheal cross-sectional area as a guide to the surgical and anesthetic management of children with anterior mediastinal masses. 202 69

Hematopoietic progenitor cells can be collected from blood by cytapheresis; the clinical use of these cells may offer such advantages over marrow as the avoidance of general anesthesia, collection on an outpatient basis, and use when marrow is involved with malignancy. Since Hodgkin's disease rarely spreads hematogenously, postchemotherapy marrow transplantation with autologous peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) was compared to that with marrow transplantation in patients with this disorder. Seven patients were treated with PBSCs and 19 with marrow. Five to nine collections of PBSC were performed per patient. There was a rebound increase in circulating committed progenitors when PBSC were collected during the marrow rebound after cyclic chemotherapy. After intensification and cellular rescue, quicker recovery of circulating white cells (p less than 0.05) and a shorter hospital stay (not significant) were seen in the PBSC patients than in those treated with autologous marrow. There was no difference in the duration of red cell or platelet transfusion required after transplant. Of six patients whose marrows were previously involved by Hodgkin's, recurrent or progressive disease has occurred in five. PBSC may be a viable alternative to marrow in selected patients.
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PMID:Peripheral blood stem cell collection and use in Hodgkin's disease. Comparison with marrow in autologous transplantation. 256 9

Samples of human liver and placenta microsomes were analyzed for their in vitro hydroxylation capabilities using phencyclidine, [PCP, 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine] as substrate. Microsomes were prepared from full-term placentas (cesarean deliveries under epidural anesthesia) and from histologically normal liver specimens (staging laparotomies for Hodgkin's disease). Three different hydroxylated PCP metabolites were assayed including 1-(1-phenyl-3-hydroxycyclohexyl)piperidine (3-OH-cyclo-PCP), 1-(1-phenyl-4-hydroxycyclohexyl)piperidine (3-OH-cyclo-PCP), 1-(1-phenyl-4-hydroxycyclohexyl)piperidine (4-OH-cyclo-PCP), and 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)-4-hydroxypiperidine (4-OH-pip-PCP). The mean amounts of in vitro microsomal hydroxylation of PCP at the three different positions of the PCP ring varied considerably between individual samples of both liver and placenta. The placenta hydroxylated PCP but not as effectively as liver. Evidence for independent hydroxylation of PCP to 3-OH-cyclo-PCP was comparable to 4-OH-cyclo-PCP and 4-OH-pip-PCP. The formation of 3-OH-cyclo-PCP by the liver was enhanced in tobacco smokers. The formation of 4-OH-cyclo-PCP by the liver was negatively correlated with the stage of Hodgkin's disease even though the liver was free of disease in 11 of 12 subjects.
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PMID:Some factors affecting phencyclidine biotransformation by human liver and placenta. 256 7

Mediastinal adenopathy in Hodgkin's disease has been known to cause relative airway compromise, particularly in the more vulnerable left mainstem bronchus. This has been infrequently reported to occur during general anesthesia and to cause respiratory embarrassment, representing a significant hazard. The possibility of its occurrence should be recognized. Preoperative evaluation of the airway by chest films and tomography, followed by radiation therapy in those patients at risk, is recommended to minimize the chances of respiratory complications during general anesthesia.
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PMID:Massive intraoperative atelectasis secondary to untreated mediastinal Hodgkin's disease: report of the hazard and review of the literature. 265 87

The use of a technique for safe percutaneous fine needle biopsy of inaccessible lymph nodes is described. In a prospective study of 24 patients, including five cases positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), this technique was used to provide diagnostic material. A firm diagnosis was made in 21 cases; four cases of Hodgkin's disease, 14 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, one case of Kaposi's sarcoma, one case of mycobacterial infection, and one which showed the features of persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL). In the cases of lymphoma, available serial sections allowed characterization of the tumour with immunocytochemistry. In three cases, no diagnosis could be made, with one of these requiring a subsequent open biopsy. Percutaneous fine needle biospy is ideal for patients unfit or unsuitable for general anaesthesia or surgery. The biopsy obtained gives the pathologist sufficient tissue for an accurate diagnosis in the majority of cases. The preservation of architecture and multiple sections available are advantages over fine needle aspiration.
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PMID:Diagnostic fine needle core biopsy of deep lymph nodes for the diagnosis of lymphoma in patients unfit for surgery. 275 41


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