Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Alemtuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against lymphocytes through the CD-52 receptor, an antigen being found on > 95% of peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes, and to a smaller extent on granulocytes. It is an effective immunotherapeutic agent in patients with malignancies such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma, B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and T cell pro- lymphocytic leukemia. Adverse side effects are increasingly recognized in patients receiving alemtuzumab, mainly including fever, rigors, nausea/vomiting, skin rash; other severe alemtuzumab-related reactions have also been described, such as lymphopenia and neutropenia leading to both opportunistic (e.g. cytomegalovirus) and non-opportunistic infections. Digestive complications have more rarely been described, i.e.: gastroenteritis and peritonitis. We recently observed a case of particular interest as the patient with T cell prolymphocytic leukaemia treated with alemtuzumab, exhibited symptomatic reactivation of CMV infection and developed subsequently typhlitis.
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PMID:Typhlitis as a complication of alemtuzumab therapy. 1756 96

This study assessed the efficacy and safety of dolasetron compared with ondansetron for the prevention of nausea and vomiting during high-dose myeloablative chemotherapy followed by peripheral blood stem cell support. Twenty centers randomized 197 patients to receive dolasetron 100 mg intravenously (I.V.) followed 8-12 hours later by a single oral dose of dolasetron 100 mg or ondansetron 32 mg I.V., followed 8-12 hours later by a single oral dose of ondansetron 8 mg during high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) regimens for breast cancer (n = 96; 48.7%), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 83; 42.1%), or Hodgkin's disease (n = 18; 9.1%). All patients received a daily I.V. bolus of dexamethasone 10 mg with study antiemetic agents and a continuous infusion of diphenhydramine, lorazepam, and dexamethasone (ie, BAD pump) throughout the course of the study, with patient-controlled on-demand bolus doses as needed. After completing a daily diary of emetic episodes and rescue medication use, 164 of 197 patients were evaluable. Total plus complete responses (no emesis, no nausea, no rescue) over the entire study period were achieved in 45.7% and 46.9% of patients on the dolasetron and ondansetron arms, respectively. Dolasetron and ondansetron were well-tolerated. This study demonstrates that dolasetron and ondansetron are equally safe and effective in the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with HDC (P = 0.955).
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PMID:A randomized, multicenter, open-label comparison of the antiemetic efficacy of dolasetron versus ondansetron for the prevention of nausea and vomiting during high-dose myeloablative chemotherapy. 1862 98

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas that occurs in up to 15% of all pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphomas. It is characterized by B-symptoms and involvement of extranodal sites such as skin, bone, and soft tissue. This brief report describes first reported case of pediatric primary testicular anaplastic large cell lymphoma in a 14-year-old boy. The presentation included acute testicular pain, fever, and vomiting. After chemotherapy and unilateral radical orchiectomy, patient continues in complete remission.
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PMID:Primary testicular presentation of ALK-1-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma in a pediatric patient. 1941 11

BEAM is a widely used conditioning regimen for relapsed/refractory lymphoma patients undergoing auto-SCT. We conducted a multicenter study with an alternative regimen (fotemustine plus etoposide, cytarabine and melphalan (FEAM)) in which BCNU was substituted by the chloroethylnitrosourea fotemustine (FTM). Eighty-four patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin's (n=20) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n=64) were conditioned with a FEAM regimen (FTM 150 mg/m(2) on days -7, -6, etoposide 200 mg/m(2) and cytarabine 400 mg/m(2) on days -5, -4, -3, -2 and melphalan 140 mg/m(2) on day -1). Patients were evaluated for toxicity and engraftment parameters. Median times to neutrophil (>500 x 10(9)/l) and plt (>20 000 x 10(9)/l) engraftment were 11 and 13 days, respectively. Grade 3 mucositis occurred in 19 patients (23%), while G3 nausea/vomiting and G3 diarrhea were observed in 13 (15%) and 6 (7%) patients, respectively. No severe hepatic, renal or pulmonary toxicity was detected. Seven patients (7%) experienced G4 mucositis, while no other G4 toxicities or unexpected adverse events of any grade were recorded. Transplant-related mortality was 2.4%. We conclude that a FEAM regimen is feasible and safe. Although toxicity and engraftment times compared favorably with BEAM, longer follow-up is needed to evaluate fully its efficacy and long-term safety.
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PMID:Fotemustine plus etoposide, cytarabine and melphalan (FEAM) as a new conditioning regimen for lymphoma patients undergoing auto-SCT: a multicenter feasibility study. 1989 4

Primary gastro-intestinal lymphoma (PGIL) is the most common type of extra-nodal non Hodgkin's lymphoma. Their clinical and histological presentations are heterogeneous depending on the site of the lesion. There is no consensus regarding the role of surgery and chemotherapy in the therapeutic approach. In our country epidemiology of the disease is unknown with IPSID being the most frequent type. We report anatomo-clinical features and prognostic factors of PGIL and compare intestinal to gastric forms in our region. This is a retrospective study of 153 cases of PGIL in adults diagnosed and treated in the department of medical oncology in Farhat Hached Hospital between 1994 and 2006. The median age was 52 years and the sex-ratio 2.1. Tumor sites were gastric (67%), intestinal (26%) and gastrointestinal (7%). Abdominal pain (87%) followed by vomiting and diarrhoea (37 and 15%) were the most common symptoms. Performance status (PS) < 2 was seen in 80% of patients, high grade lymphoma in 70.5% of cases and B phenotype was noted in 85%. MALT lymphoma accounts for 50% of cases, and IPSID for only 5% of PGIL. About 47.5% of cases were stage IE, 138 patients had chemotherapy with an objective response rate of 77%. Only 46% of patients had surgery (14 for surgical complication, 6 for residual tumor after chemotherapy and 22 to have histological diagnosis). The five-year overall survival (OS) was 62%. In high grade lymphoma patients favorable prognostic factors for OS included young age < or = 60 years, PS < 2, normal serum LDH, hemoglobin > 12 g/dL, B phenotype, localised stage (IE-IIE1), anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimen, achieving complete or partial response to induction chemotherapy and no relapse. In multivariate study only relapse and PS were significant prognostic factors for OS. In low-grade lymphoma patients, none of these factors had a significant correlation with OS: age < or = 60 years, PS < 2, stage (IE-IIE1), response to induction chemotherapy, relapse. Compared to gastric lymphomas, intestinal cases occurred at a younger age, frequently with diarrhoea, weight loss, and occlusion. They are more often high-grade, T phenotype and have locally advanced stage (IIE); surgery is more common in this group. We conclude that stomach is the main site of PGIL in our region, intestinal lymphoma is less frequent and IPSID has become rare. Recent progress in chemotherapy has allowed good therapeutic results with a conservative approach. Surgery may be performed in case of emergency or for residual lesions after medical treatment.
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PMID:[Primary digestive tract lymphoma in central region of Tunisia: anatomoclinical study and therapeutic results about 153 cases]. 2039 89

Helicobacter pylori proteins CagA (cytotoxin-associated gene A) and VacA (vacuolating cytotoxin A) are among the virulence factors of this species. CagA gene carrying H. pylori strains are particularly associated with gastric adenocarsinoma. This study was conducted to evaluate Western Blot (WB) method to determine specific H. pylori antibodies in a group of patients with gastric cancer and in a control group with no malignancy. A total of 99 patients with gastric cancer (94 adenocarcinoma, 2 adenosquamous cell carcinoma, 3 non-Hodgkin lymphoma) and 150 control cases with epigastric complaints such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastroesophageal reflux and abdominal pain, were included to the study. H. pylori IgG-ELISA was positive in all study (mean age: 56.7 +/- 1.2 years, 62 male) and control (mean age: 24.2 +/- 1.3 years, 64 male) patients. Specific antibodies against CagA, VacA, OMP (outer membrane protein)-67, urease-A, urease-B, HSP (heat shock protein) and flagellin antigens determined by a commercial WB-based kit (RIDA Blot Helicobacter, R-Biopharm GmbH, Germany). Interestingly, no anti-VacA positivity was detected in none of the patient and control groups. The positivity rates for H. pylori CagA, OMP-67, urease A, urease-B, flagellin and HSP specific antibodies were as 78%, 54%, 37%, 60%, 53% and 82% in the gastric cancer group and 85%, 71%, 55%, 43%, 61% and 75% in the control group, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) between gastric carcinoma and control groups in terms of CagA, HSP and flagellin antibodies (p > 0.05). On the other hand, a statistically significant difference was found between the 2 groups in terms of urease-A, urease-B and OMP-67 (p < 0.01). These results suggested that this test should be assessed again by the manufacturer for its detection power directed towards specific H. pylori antibodies, especially for Vac-A. Further molecular and clinical studies are necessary to determine the factors that affect H. pylori virulence and disease prognosis.
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PMID:[Evaluation of Western Blot method for the detection of antibodies to Helicobacter pylori antigens in patients with gastric carcinoma and cases with epigastric complaints]. 2045 95

Dexrazoxane is now authorized for the treatment of anthracycline extravasations. Several clinical cases of doxorubicin extravasation treated with dexrazoxane have been reported to date, but detailed cases have not been published. We report a case of a successful dexrazoxane treatment for a potentially severe extravasation of concentrated doxorubicin. We also describe objective outcome of this treatment, drug tolerance to dexrazoxane and long follow-up. A 29-year-old man diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma was prescribed a regimen including 90 mg of doxorubicin in a 50 ml infusion using a reduced occlusion infusion pump. After this infusion, the patient complained of pain around the site of injection and presented a 10x6-cm swollen area with erythema and inflammation. A significant portion of doxorubicin was extravasated. Dexrazoxane was prescribed as an antidote. Side effects of dexrazoxane were restricted to reversible hematological toxicity, nausea, and vomiting. The next day, the inflammation of the extravasation area was reduced. On day 7, a painless mild induration in the extravasated area was the only remaining sign of the extravasation. On day 40, an arm nuclear magnetic resonance image showed no focal injuries. At 6-month follow-up, the patient has no sequelae. The two risk factors that could have increased the severity of the extravasation are the use of an infusion pump and the high drug concentration. Dexrazoxane proved to be effective and moderately well tolerated. A dexrazoxane stock in oncological facilities could help to promptly handle emergencies like this. Anthracyclines can be administered using reduced occlusion infusion pumps, but it seems preferable to always administer a free-running infusion to minimize accidents like this one.
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PMID:Successful dexrazoxane treatment of a potentially severe extravasation of concentrated doxorubicin. 2067 12

Although ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine) therapy has been regarded as a standard of care for advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) since 1992, there has been no prospective data of ABVD therapy in Japan. To investigate the efficacy and safety of ABVd therapy with the lower dose of dacarbazine (250 mg/m(2)) in patients with newly diagnosed stage II-IV HL, Lymphoma Study Group of Japan Clinical Oncology Group conducted a phase II study. The primary endpoints were complete response rate (%CR) and progression-free survival (PFS). A total of 128 patients with age less than 70 years were enrolled and received 6-8 cycles of ABVd followed by radiation to initial bulky mass. The %CR in 118 eligible patients was 81.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 73.1-87.9%]. Major toxicity was grade 4 neutropenia (45.3%). Grade 3 nausea/vomiting was the most frequent non-hematological toxicity (10.9%). Transient grade 4 constipation, infection (abscess), hypoxemia and hyperbilirubinemia were observed in 4 patients. No treatment-related death was observed. PFS and overall survival at 5 years were 78.4% (95% CI 70.9-85.9%) and 91.3% (95% CI 86.1-96.5%), respectively. In conclusion, ABVd is effective in Japanese patients with stage II-IV HL with acceptable toxicities (UMIN-CTR Number: C000000092).
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PMID:Phase II study of ABVd therapy for newly diagnosed clinical stage II-IV Hodgkin lymphoma: Japan Clinical Oncology Group study (JCOG 9305). 2107 95

Primary malignant lymphoma is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma which occurs in the brain in the absence of systemic involvement. A 63-year-old woman presented to emergency service, complaining of sudden onset vomiting and dizziness. She was unconscious when she was admitted to the hospital. She had no complain, until a week ago when she experienced a headache nonresponding to analgesic. Preliminary diagnosis was cerebrovascular hemorrhage or intracranial mass. Magnetic resonance imaging and PET/CT yielded a mass filling all ventricles. Histopathology of the mass matched with malignant lymphoma located in the ventricles.
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PMID:F-18 FDG avid primary CNS lymphoma located in the ventricles. 2122 Sep 81

A 25-year-old male patient presented to our Ear, Nose and Throat clinic with a history of nausea, vomiting, headache, vertigo and weight loss of 5 kg over the preceding 3 months. An enlarged cervical lymph node was detected at clinical examination. Lymph node biopsy showed nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma (NLPHL, nodular paragranuloma). Because of the neurological symptoms a cerebral MRI scan was performed and revealed an intense perivascular, bilateral, contrast-medium enhancing lesion of the temporal lobes suggestive of cerebral vasculitis. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed an increased number of mononuclear cells, but there was no indication for neurotropic viral or bacterial infections. EEG revealed a left temporal epileptic focus, and anti-epileptic therapy was initiated. NLPHL was treated with 2 cycles of ABVD chemotherapy and 20 Gy involved-field radiotherapy. Steroid therapy (prednisone 100 mg q.d.) for the presumed paraneoplastic neurological manifestation was started 1 week before chemotherapy and led to the rapid disappearance of complaints. Because of renewed onset of nausea and vertigo after 3 weeks of treatment with ABVD chemotherapy and 4 weeks of treatment with steroids, a follow-up brain MRI and EEG were performed and demonstrated complete disappearance of the 'vasculitic' changes without additional pathologic findings. Five months after therapy, the patient is without neurological symptoms and a PET-CT showed a complete remission. This case is a unique example of paraneoplastic central nervous system (CNS) involvement in a patient with newly diagnosed NLPHL. We present a review of the literature on paraneoplastic CNS symptoms in Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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PMID:Hodgkin's Lymphoma and Paraneoplastic Phenomena in the Central Nervous System: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. 2147 99


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