Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Despite the difficulty in establishing human hematopoietic tumors in nude mice, four human lymphomas were successfully heterotransplanted and passaged serially in our laboratory. Additional immunosuppression with chemotherapy, whole-body radiation or splenectomy was not required for establishment of these tumors. All four of these tumors were of the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma type. In each case the tumors in the nude mice were histologically identical to the biopsy specimens from the patient in whom they were derived. Attempts to transplant tumor from 17 patients with Hodgkin's disease or 4 patients with immunoblastic lymphadenopathy were unsuccessful. Tumors from 2 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and 1 with hairy cell leukemia could be grown in nude mice conditioned with whole-body radiation or cytosine arabinoside, but these tumors could not be passaged to other nude mice. Cell surface markers were determined on the four serially passaged lymphomas. These surface markers were similar to the markers on the original tumors, even after long periods of mouse-to-mouse passage. In 1 patient with fevers, night sweats and mediastinal mass in whom a diagnosis had not been made after several biopsies, examination of tumor tissue that had been transplanted from the patient to the nude mouse clearly established the diagnosis of lymphoma.
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PMID:Human hematopoietic tumors in nude mice. 728 69

We analyzed patient, disease, and treatment related factors associated with long-term disease-free survival (DFS) in 62 patients with refractory or recurrent Hodgkin's disease treated with high-dose cyclophosphamide (6000 mg/m2), carmustine (BCNU; 300 mg/m2), and etoposide (900 mg/m2) (CBV) followed by autologous stem cell transplantation. There were no deaths resulting from toxicity of the preparative regimen, and all patients survived the peritransplant period. At 28 days post-transplant, the complete response (CR) rate was 76%. Patients who achieved a CR had a 50% estimated 3-year DFS (95% CI, 35-64%). Twenty-three (37%) patients remain in continuous clinical remission 1.3 to 7.7 years (median 3.8 years) after transplantation. In a univariate analysis, factors significantly associated with improved DFS included absence of B symptoms (fever, night sweats and unexplained weight loss) at transplant, response to pre-transplant salvage chemotherapy, less tumor bulk at time of transplant, and fewer prior treatment regimens. Stepwise multivariate analysis showed that the absence of B symptoms at time of transplant was independently and significantly associated with improved DFS after transplantation. CBV with autologous stem cell support can produce durable remissions with acceptable toxicity in a substantial proportion of patients who are asymptomatic at time of transplant. Earlier application of transplantation or development of additional effective antineoplastic modalities will be required to improve the results of transplantation for patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:Autologous stem cell transplantation for refractory and relapsed Hodgkin's disease: factors predictive of prolonged survival. 758 Nov 12

Serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) were measured in 24 untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease and in 24 healthy volunteers matched for age and sex. Serum levels of IL-1 alpha were significantly higher in patients with Hodgkin's disease. The number of patients with detectable serum IL-2 or IL-6 levels was significantly higher in patients with Hodgkin's disease as compared to the control group. No difference was observed for TNF. IL-4 was undetectable in all patients. Serum cytokine levels were not significantly different in patients with and without systemic "B" symptoms (weight loss or fever and night sweats) in the different histological subtypes and clinical stages. Serum concentrations of IL-1 alpha, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF were not correlated to the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, fibrinogenaemia or thrombocyte number. These results indicate that subsets of patients with Hodgkin's disease have detectable serum IL-1 alpha, IL-2 and IL-6 levels, but that other mediators are likely to be involved in the associated clinical and biological inflammatory syndrome.
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PMID:Serum concentrations of cytokines in patients with Hodgkin's disease. 820 52

Several cytokines including gamma-interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) are pyrogenic and can inhibit lipogenic processes. Because patients with lymphoma often suffer from fever, weight loss, and night sweats (B symptoms), the etiology of which is unknown, the authors investigated serum levels of these cytokines in normal volunteers and in patients with Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Sixty serum samples from patients with Hodgkin's disease (28 patients) or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (32 patients), as well as 20 samples from normal volunteers, were collected. The majority of patients had advanced (Stage III or IV) or relapsed disease. The assay for gamma-interferon was a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay (lower limit of detection = 0.1 unit/ml); the assays for tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 were enzyme-linked immunoassays with lower limits of sensitivity of 10 pg/ml, 20 pg/ml, and 22 pg/ml, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in gamma-interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha, or IL-1 beta levels between lymphoma patients and normal subjects. In contrast, 20 of 57 patients (35%) with lymphoma as compared with 0 of 19 normal volunteers (0%) had detectable serum IL-6 levels (P < 0.005, chi 2 test). Interestingly, 17 of 29 lymphoma patients with B symptoms (59%) as opposed to 3 of 28 lymphoma patients without B symptoms (11%) had detectable serum IL-6 levels (P < 0.001, chi 2 test); the median IL-6 level was 28.9 pg/ml (B symptoms present) versus undetectable (no B symptoms) (P < 0.005, Mann-Whitney U test). Analyzing Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma groups separately revealed similar results. IL-6 levels showed no significant correlation with time from diagnosis, beta 2-microglobulin, or lactate dehydrogenase levels. However, analysis by the method of Kaplan and Meir demonstrated that the median survival of Hodgkin's disease patients with detectable IL-6 levels (> or = 22 pg/ml) was 10 mo, whereas the median survival has not been reached at a median follow-up time of 37.5 mo in those patients with lower values (Wilcoxon P value = 0.0012). There were too few patients in each subset of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma to determine the correlation between IL-6 and survival but, considered as a single group, a statistically significant correlation was not found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Serum interleukin 6 levels are elevated in lymphoma patients and correlate with survival in advanced Hodgkin's disease and with B symptoms. 848 13

To study the characteristics of malignant lymphoma in aboriginal and nonaboriginal patients in eastern Taiwan, the records of 90 patients treated from July 1986 to September 1994 were reviewed. Immunohistologic staining with UCHL-1 and L-26 was used to determine immunophenotype. There were 20 aboriginal and 70 nonaboriginal patients (22% vs 78%). Among them, three had Hodgkin's diseases (HD) and 87 had non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). Comparing the histology of malignant lymphoma in aboriginal and nonaboriginal patients, there was no case of HD or follicular lymphoma in aborigines. Concerning primary extranodal lymphoma, no aboriginal patients were found to have gastric lymphoma, while eight nonaboriginal patients did. Among patients with intermediate and high-grade NHL, aboriginal patients had a higher rate of B symptoms (weight loss, fever, night sweats) than did nonaboriginal patients. In T cell lymphoma, three out of four (75%) aboriginal patients had angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia as compared with three out of 20 (15%) nonaboriginal patients. There were no significant differences in demographic data, stage or distribution of immunophenotype between the two groups. Several combination chemotherapy regimens were used and only 31 patients were considered evaluable, of which 12 were aboriginal and 19 were nonaboriginal patients. No distinct difference was found between aboriginal and nonaboriginal patients in overall response rate, complete response rate, disease-free survival or overall survival. Comparison of our results with other lymphoma studies in Taiwan revealed that the frequencies of HD and follicular lymphoma were higher in northern Taiwan studies than in southern and eastern Taiwan studies, and the frequency of primary extranodal lymphoma was much higher in eastern Taiwan than in other areas. While the rate of T cell lymphoma in NHL for nonaboriginal patients was similar to that of northern Taiwan studies, it was closer to that of southern Taiwan studies in aboriginal patients.
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PMID:Characteristics of malignant lymphoma in eastern Taiwan: comparison between aborigines and nonaborigines. 908 Jul 55

A 49 year-old Indian housewife was diagnosed with Hodgkin's disease in 1995. She was given combination chemotherapy comprising Chlorambucil, Vincristine, Procarbazine and Prednisolone. Unfortunately she defaulted after two courses of chemotherapy. One year later, she developed progressive right knee swelling and pain, associated with loss of appetite, loss of weight, intermittent fever, night sweats and pruritus. The right knee swelling measured 15 cm x 20 cm and was warm and tender. A plain radiograph of the right knee revealed osteolytic lesions at the distal end of the right femur and the proximal ends of the right tibia and fibula, associated with gross periosteal reaction and soft tissue swelling. Apart from left cervical lymphoadenopathy, examination of other systems was unremarkable. Pelvic bone marrow biopsy was inconclusive. An open biopsy of the lower end of the right femur was consistent with Hodgkin's disease. She was given salvage combination therapy comprising Chlorambucil, Vincristine, Procarbazine, Prednisolone, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin and Vinblastine. She tolerated the treatment well and responded with significant reduction in the swelling and pain of the right knee. Unfortunately, she again defaulted treatment after 2 courses of chemotherapy. This case illustrates an unusual presentation of Hodgkin's disease in relapse.
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PMID:Relapsed Hodgkin's disease presenting as a right knee swelling. 1455 40

Epstein Barr virus (EBV)+ Hodgkin's disease (HD) expresses clearly identified tumor antigens derived from the virus and could, in principle, be a target for adoptive immunotherapy with viral antigen-specific T cells. However, like most tumor-associated antigens in immunocompetent hosts, these potential targets are only weakly immunogenic, consisting primarily of the latent membrane protein (LMP)1 and LMP2 antigens. Moreover, Hodgkin tumors possess a range of tumor evasion strategies. Therefore, the likely value of immunotherapy with EBV-specific cytotoxic effector cells has been questioned. We have now used a combination of gene marking, tetramer, and functional analyses to track the fate and assess the activity of EBV cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) lines administered to 14 patients treated for relapsed EBV+ HD. Gene marking studies showed that infused effector cells could further expand by several logs in vivo, contribute to the memory pool (persisting up to 12 mo), and traffic to tumor sites. Tetramer and functional analyses showed that T cells reactive with the tumor-associated antigen LMP2 were present in the infused lines, expanded in peripheral blood after infusion, and also entered tumor. Viral load decreased, demonstrating the biologic activity of the infused CTLs. Clinically, EBV CTLs were well tolerated, could control type B symptoms (fever, night sweats, and weight loss), and had antitumor activity. After CTL infusion, five patients were in complete remission at up to 40 mo, two of whom had clearly measurable tumor at the time of treatment. One additional patient had a partial response, and five had stable disease. The performance and fate of these human tumor antigen-specific T cells in vivo suggests that they might be of value for the treatment of EBV+ Hodgkin lymphoma.
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PMID:Cytotoxic T lymphocyte therapy for Epstein-Barr virus+ Hodgkin's disease. 1561 Dec 90

One hundred (100) patients were treated in the Department of Radiation Oncology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, from 1980-1994. All patients were evaluated and staged according to the accepted guidelines at the treatment times. All patients were followed on a strict follow-up schedule for the outcome of treatment including late effects. The age range was 18 years-77 years. The age groupings are described in Table 1. Eighty-one percent (81%) of the patients were 40 years of age or younger. Nineteen percent (19%) of the patients were older and this was similar to the reported bimodal pattern in Hodgkin's disease. Fifty-eight percent (58%) of the patients were female and the rest were male. Eighty-eight percent (88%) of the patients were Caucasian as depicted in Table 2. Majority of the patients (64) presented with mass in the neck. Some of the patients presented with one or more symptoms and signs. The details of the presentation features are shown in Table 3. Thirty-one percent (31%) of the patients presented with one or more of the 'B' symptoms as described by Cotswolds Staging Classification for Hodgkin's Disease. These include fever (temperature >38 degrees C), drenching night sweats, and unexplained loss of >10% body weight within the preceding 6 months. Appropriate staging included complete physical examination, blood studies, and imaging studies such as plain chest x-rays, lymphangiograms, CT scans, gallium scans, etc. Forty-eight percent (48%) of the patients had staging laparotomy with lymph node sampling, splenectomy, and liver biopsies. The staging was done according to Ann Arbor Staging Classification. Forty-four percent (44%) of the patients were in Stage IIA group and the rest are shown in Table 4. Of the sites of involvement, neck (82 patients) and mediastinum (79 patients) were the common sites. Other sites of involvement are described in Table 5. Many patients had more than one site of involvement. Thirty-three percent (33%) of the patients had bulky mediastinal disease. This was defined based on the ratio of the width of the lesion to the transverse diameter of the chest. The most common histological subtype was nodular sclerosing (73%). This would explain the gender variation in this group of patients. The histological classification was done according to the Rye Classification (Table 6).
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PMID:Hodgkin's lymphoma in adults--clinical features. 1568 82

We report a case of a 65-year-old black man with combined Hodgkin lymphoma and T-cell lymphoma. The patient presented with diffuse lymphadenopathy, fever, weight loss, and night sweats. Subsequent biopsy of an axillary lymph node revealed a composite lymphoma composed of classic Hodgkin lymphoma and a peripheral T-cell lymphoma. A needle biopsy of the liver also showed involvement by the composite lymphoma. In situ hybridization studies revealed positive Epstein-Barr virus in Reed-Sternberg cells. Development of T-cell lymphoma following chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma has been reported, but synchronous composite occurrence of both lesions is very rare. Furthermore, this is the first report of such occurrence in a black patient. We present a review of the literature and a discussion of the potential pathophysiologic role of Epstein-Barr virus in the early stages of T-cell lymphomagenesis.
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PMID:Composite lymphocyte-rich Hodgkin lymphoma and peripheral T-cell lymphoma associated with Epstein-Barr virus: a case report and review of the literature. 1639 Feb 24

A 66-year-old woman was referred a 4-month history of asthenia, weight loss, productive cough, increasing dyspnea, epigastric pain, and night sweats. A B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma was discovered in association with a severe leukocytoclastic vasculitis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The patient was treated successfully with the combination of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and rituximab.
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PMID:Generalized B-cell non Hodgkin's lymphoma in association with leukocytoclastic vasculitis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. 1663 29


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