Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that precipitate at temperatures below 37 degrees C. Clinically cryoglobulinemia is manifested in a variety of symptoms on different organs. The most important clinical symptoms are fatigue, peripheral neuropathy and vasculitis associated skin lesions. Pathophysiologically cryoglobulinemia is based on a disturbed immunocascade with an elevated B-cell-activity. Often a cryoglobulinemia progresses smoothly to a Non-Hodgkin-Lymphoma. The main activator of a cryoglobulinemia is a Hepatitis C virus infection. Other causes for developing a cryoglobulinemia are rheumatological and haematological diseases. In the past cryoglubulinemia has predominantly been treated with plasmapheresis and immunosuppression, nowadays antiviral strategies are becoming more important. Cases of rapid worsening under therapy with interferon alpha have also been reported. A promising new option is the use of rituximab.
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PMID:[Hepatitis associated cryoglobulinemia]. 1832 17

Chromosome 1 pericentromeric heterochromatin (1q) has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) results from marrow failure in two or more cell lineages. Although trisomy 1q has been reported in MDS, it is usually present with additional common abnormalities such as trisomy 8, monosomy 5 or monosomy 7, leading to speculation that 1q abnormalities are mostly secondary events representing clonal evolution. We report two cases of MDS in which consistent involvement of 1q heterochromatin is seen as the primary clonal abnormality. Both patients presented with fatigue and pancytopenia. Based on the published reports and our cases, we propose that the 1q heterochromatin plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of MDS. Abnormalities involving 1q result in aberrant heterochromatin/euchromatin junctions, leading to gene dosage abnormalities. Further studies of 1q abnormalities in MDS might provide specific insights as to the exact role of the excess 1q heterochromatin in the etiology of MDS.
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PMID:Role of chromosome 1 pericentric heterochromatin (1q) in pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes: report of 2 new cases. 1833 74

Although some cancer survivors report persistent fatigue years after treatment, little is known about the prevalence of the symptom in this population as compared with the general population. This article examines current evidence for the occurrence of fatigue in long-term cancer survivors by reviewing published population-based studies that incorporated controls from the general population. Using the search criteria "fatigue AND cancer survivors" in PubMed, the authors identified 16 articles (based on 15 cross-sectional datasets) comparing fatigue severities in survivors of adult cancers with those in the general population. When data allowed, Hedges' g effect size calculations were generated. A total of 8096 cancer survivors were examined across datasets. Cancer survivor sample sizes ranged from 15 to 1933 per dataset. Most datasets focused on either breast cancer (7) or Hodgkin's disease survivors (6). Four studies did not clearly exclude patients undergoing active treatment. Nine articles (based on 8 datasets) showed statistically significant (P < .05) differences among groups; 4 articles showed negative results; and 3 showed both positive and negative results depending on fatigue dimension measured. Among the studies that reported scores for the fatigue subscale of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Questionnaire for Quality of Life (most studies), mean fatigue levels in cancer survivors ranged from 28.7 to 36.5 out of an overall score of 100, and mean fatigue levels in matched general population controls ranged from 20 to 30 out of 100. No associations between instruments and results were apparent. Although the small numbers of studies prevented comparisons among cancer subtypes, equal positive and negative studies were seen in breast cancer survivors and, notably, no negative studies were seen involving Hodgkin's disease survivors. Most effect sizes calculated were small. Fatigue was a burden to both cancer survivors and members of the general population. While evidence for greater fatigue severity in cancer survivors was mixed, most studies reported greater fatigue in cancer survivors as compared with controls. The magnitude of this effect was generally small. Inferences from the data were limited by variability in both the definition of survivor and the fatigue assessments used, as well as by the cross-sectional design of the studies. Prospective longitudinal studies are needed to determine causal relationships between excessive fatigue and surviving cancer.
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PMID:Evidenced-based report on the occurrence of fatigue in long-term cancer survivors. 1843 5

Combination of the splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (SMZL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is extremely rare. We report a unique case with concurrent SMZL and cHL. The patient was a 63-year-old man who presented with fatigue and anemia, showing a splenomegaly and retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy. A splenectomy revealed monotonous marginal zone lymphocytic infiltrates and numerous large Reed-Sternberg-like cells. Flow cytometry revealed a kappa light-chain-restricted CD5 (-), CD23 (-) B-cell population. DNA polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed the presence of clonal rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the large atypical cells were CD30 (+), CD15 (weakly +), CD20 (-), CD45 (-), Pax5 (weakly +), BOB.1 (-), and Oct2 (-), indicating the coexistence of SMZL with cHL. After the chemotherapy, the patient achieved a clinical/radiologic remission, whereas cHL was detected in liver and bone marrow subsequently. The case indicates that both components of lymphoma can present concurrently as a composite form of lymphoma and both need to be treated adequately.
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PMID:Classical Hodgkin lymphoma concurrently evolving in a patient with marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the spleen. 1848 99

The epothilones represent a novel group of microtubule stabilization agents that appear to retain activity even in chemotherapy-resistant cell lines and animal models. Because of their ability to overcome chemotherapy resistance, we conducted a phase II study of Ixabepilone in patients with indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Ixabepilone was given at a dose of 25 mg/m(2) weekly for three of four consecutive weeks. Patients were required to have received < or =4 prior chemotherapy regimens, with an interval of at least one month since the last treatment, 3 months from prior rituximab, and 7 d from prior steroids, an absolute neutrophil count >1 x 10(9)/l and a platelet count >50 x 10(9)/l. Dose reductions were allowed. The overall response rate in assessable patients was 27% in this otherwise heavily treated population. One patient with chemotherapy-refractory follicular lymphoma attained a complete remission that lasted approximately 8 months. Three responses were also seen in refractory MCL and one in small lymphocytic lymphoma. The duration of response ranged from 2 to 8 months. Major toxicities included fatigue, myelosuppression and neuropathy. These data suggest that Ixabepilone has activity in chemotherapy-refractory lymphoma.
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PMID:A multicentre phase II clinical experience with the novel aza-epothilone Ixabepilone (BMS247550) in patients with relapsed or refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma. 1869 Nov 73

Patients who have non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or Hodgkin lymphoma most often present for medical attention because of signs or symptoms referable to enlarged lymph nodes or other disease-related symptoms (such as fevers, night sweats or fatigue). Less often, enlarged lymph nodes or splenomegaly may be incidental findings during evaluation for other medical issues. Determination of the extent of disease and accurate assessment of responses are necessary for appropriate management. Newer technologies have improved the ability to evaluate patients and to conduct clinical trials, leading to more effective therapies. This article addresses the advances in staging and evaluation of patients who have lymphoma, specifically examining the use of positron emission tomography.
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PMID:Staging and evaluation of the patient with lymphoma. 1895 39

A 35-year-old man was admitted with continuous general fatigue and low grade fever. He was HIV-positive, and had gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and renal T-cell anaplastic large cell lymphoma (T-ALCL). We diagnosed double lymphomas related to AIDS. The patient received anti-retroviral therapy, and started the CHOP regimen for the double lymphomas, resulting in transient improvement. However, fever again appeared during HAART and CHOP treatment, and a right inguinal subcutaneous lesion appeared. Biopsy specimen demonstrated null cell ALCL, and this patient demonstrated multiple lymphomas. This case suggested that cancer generation was promoted by low immunity, although it is known that ambivalent tumors such as non-Hodgkin lymphomas can occur frequently.
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PMID:[HIV-related multiple non-Hodgkin lymphomas]. 1904 87

The gastrointestinal tract is the predominant site of appearance of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The most frequent endoscopic finding of mantle cell lymphoma is multiple lymphomatous polyposis, which is a very rare entity. Multiple lymphomatous polyposis is characterized by multiple polypoid lesions involving long segments of the gastrointestinal tract and it accounts for 2% of primary gastrointestinal tract lymphomas. A 68-year-old patient was admitted to our clinic with intermittent diarrhea, weight loss, hematochezia and fatigue. Multiple lymphomatous polyposis was detected on the endoscopic evaluations. Gastrointestinal mantle cell lymphoma was confirmed with histopathological and immunohistochemical studies on biopsy specimens from colon, small intestine and stomach. The patient was successfully treated by combination chemotherapy.
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PMID:Diffuse gastrointestinal involvement of mantle cell lymphoma. 1911 Jun 68

Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma with 3 variants: endemic, sporadic, and immunodeficiency-associated types. The sporadic form, most commonly involving the abdomen and ileocecal region, presents as an abdominal mass, rarely presenting in the orofacial region. A 36-year-old Indian female presented to the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania for evaluation of a persistent intraoral swelling ulceration of the lower right mandibular alveolar ridge with minimal bony invasion. Progressive systemic symptoms of fatigue, weakness, and fever developed without resolution following treatment for a presumed odontogenic infection in the 4 weeks before presentation. An incisional biopsy revealed a diffuse proliferation of intermediate- to large-sized lymphocytes with multiple small peripheral nucleoli, scant cytoplasm, and nuclear pleomorphism. Nearly all cells displayed Ki67 expression. A final diagnosis of BL was rendered following confirmation of a cMYC translocation by fluorescence in situ hybridization. This article presents a case of the sporadic form of BL with atypical presentation clinically and morphologically, primarily involving the oral soft tissue.
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PMID:Burkitt lymphoma of the oral cavity: an atypical presentation. 1913 42

Hodgkin's lymphoma usually presents with typical lymphadenopathy that has been detected either incidentally by the patient or by imaging procedures performed for assessment of other conditions. Occasionally, it may be detected when investigation of nonspecific symptoms, such as fever, fatigue, or unexplained pain prompt assessment that, in turn reveals a mass lesion. The diagnosis must be confirmed with an appropriate biopsy. Nowadays, clinicians usually have little difficulty making the diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Knowledge of the usual pattern of spread of this lymphoma, with its orderly progression through lymph node groups and its typical forms of extranodal involvement, facilitates timely diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning. Rare manifestations due to involvement of unusual sites or presentation with paraneoplastic organ dysfunction can prove challenging but a search for mass lesions and an appreciation of these uncommonly encountered findings as potential clues to the presence of Hodgkin's lymphoma usually prompts appropriate investigation and correct diagnosis. Finally, an understanding of the usual pattern and timing of relapse and knowledge of the typical types of late toxicity expected after successful eradication of the lymphoma allow the patient's physicians to detect recurrence in a timely fashion and to identify or prevent secondary complications enabling appropriate management plans to be developed.
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PMID:Clinical manifestations and natural history of Hodgkin's lymphoma. 1939 Mar 7


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