Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A series of 182 patients with Hodgkin's disease, diagnosed between January 1973 and December 1978 was used to identify prognostic factors with special reference to age. There were 118 men and 64 women (mean age, 47 years; r = 15-92). During the same period 57 elderly patients who were never referred, were reported to the Local Cancer Registry. The diagnosis had been established shortly before death or at autopsy. The 182 patients under study were evenly distributed in Stages I-IV. Nodular sclerosis (38%) and mixed cellularity (38%) were the most common histologic subtypes. The 5-year survival probability estimate was 28% in patients above 50 years as compared to 74% in the remainder. Survival was significantly better in patients with Stage I-II disease and lymphocyte predominance/nodular sclerosis histopathology. Age was the main prognostic factor in the whole series as well as in patients older than 50 years. However, in young patients advanced clinical stage and B-symptoms were related to a poor prognosis. Biologic indicators such as ESR, hemoglobin and albumin were intimately linked to the extent of disease and did not add prognostic information besides that given by the clinical stage. It is concluded that the prognosis in elderly remains poor and appears to be partly unrelated to those factors which determine the prognosis in the young, assumingly reflecting a depressed host-response and/or a decreased tolerance to intensive treatment.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in Hodgkin's disease with special reference to age. 669 8

The protein binding of vinblastine was measured in the serum from 6 normal subjects and 9 patients with Hodgkin's disease. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis showed that the predominant binding protein fractions were the alpha 1- and alpha 2-globulins with little binding to albumin and beta- and gamma-globulins. At a serum concentration of 10 nM a significantly lower percentage bound was found in the patient group (p = 0.001). Binding to both groups was very high at 99.7% bound in the normal subjects and 98.9% bound in the patient group. Binding in both groups was best described by a two class protein binding model with higher and lower affinity binding sites. No significant difference was found on inter-group comparisons of binding parameter values.
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PMID:The protein binding of vinblastine in the serum of normal subjects and patients with Hodgkin's disease. 687 52

In this study the problems encountered in staining immunoglobulin (Ig) in sections of paraffin-embedded human lymphoma samples have been investigated. It was found that the "masking' of cytoplasmic Ig, which occurs when tissues are fixed in formol saline (the fixative employed in most previous studies), can be avoided by the use of mercury-based fixatives. When non-Hodgkin's lymphoma samples fixed in this way were studied it was found that cytoplasmic Ig labelling of both lymphoid and histiocytic cells is often attributable to non-specific uptake of serum proteins. This phenomenon probably accounts for a number of published anomalous immunoperoxidase staining results in human lymphoma (e.g. the presence of both kappa and lambda chains in the same neoplastic cell). Double immunoenzymatic labelling (using alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase) proved valuable in the elucidation of this phenomenon. When staining due to absorbed Ig was discounted it was possible to demonstrate monoclonal Ig labelling in seven out of sixteen cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In each case IgM was found in association with a single light chain type and these results were in agreement with those obtained by direct immunofluorescent labelling of cryostat sections. In a further case u chains without associated light chains were demonstrated by immunoperoxidase staining. Seven cases of Hodgkin's disease were studied by immunoenzymatic techniques. Although IgG was frequently found in Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin's cells its presence was not attributable to non-specific uptake of serum protein since albumin was absent or only present in small amounts. These findings are in support of the macrophage origin of these cells.
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PMID:An immunohistological study of human lymphoma. 700 85

Reed-Sternberg cells in the lymph nodes from five patients with Hodgkin's disease were studied. Indirect immunofluorescence on fixed sections with a monospecific anti-serum to fibronectin revealed abundant cytoplasmic fibronectin in approximately 90% of the Reed-Sternberg cells. In addition, the cells were shown by immunofluorescence to contain polyclonal IgG; however, factor VIII antigen, albumin, fibrinogen, alpha-2-macroglobulin, anti-thrombin III, and ceruloplasmin were not present. The abundant cytoplasmic fibronectin suggests that Reed-Sternberg cells are derived from tissue macrophages.
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PMID:Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's disease contain fibronectin. 700 37

In an immunohistochemical study of 26 biopsies from 24 patients with Hodgkin's disease a granular staining pattern for alpha-1-antitrypsin (alpha(1)AT) and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (alpha(1)ACT) was seen in Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells and mononuclear Hodgkin's (H) cells in over half the cases. The pattern of staining for these antiproteases seen in RS and H cells has previously only been observed in normal and malignant cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage within the lymphoreticular system. A faintly granular evenly distributed staining for IgG was found in viable RS and H cells. This staining was associated with a similar distribution of both light chains but not J chain, suggesting that the immunoglobulin had not been synthesised by these cells but had been taken up from the extracellular environment. It is suggested that this uptake is an active process occurring in viable RS and H cells, possibly via Fcgamma receptors and further supports an origin from cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. IgA, IgD, albumin, fibrinogen, C1q, C4 and C3 were present in some cells, IgM was more rarely found and lysozyme was absent. The fact that cells staining for these serum proteins generally showed signs of degeneration and that the extent of staining correlated with the molecular weight, but not serum concentration, of the protein suggests that they are passively acquired by dead or dying cells and thus represent a separate phenomenon from IgG uptake. The function of IgG uptake and accumulation by RS cells and the alpha(1)AT and alpha(1)ACT markers may prove of use in identifying the macrophage subtype from which these cells are derived.
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PMID:Macrophage origin of Reed-Sternberg cells: an immunohistochemical study. 704 Apr 82

In 38 patients with acute leukemias or non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of high malignancy the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was prospectively analysed by means of QAlb value (QAlb = cerebrospinal fluid albumin/serum albumin). Cerebro-spinal fluid and serum were taken before each intrathecal methotrexate administration according to central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis or treatment of CNS involvement by neoplasm. Patients were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of 5 individuals with clinical manifestations of CNS involvement by leukemia or lymphoma. Group II contained 33 patients without neurological symptoms. Besides, group II was subdivided into other two groups: group IIa-patients with BBB analysis before cytostatics application, and group IIb-patients in which BBB was analysed after the administration of at least one cycle of protocols, used in general chemotherapy, including intrathecal methotrexate injection. In group I BBB changes were observed in 10 out of 12 assessments (sensitivity 83.3%). In group II BBB impairment was revealed in 11 out of 52 assessments (specificity 78.8%). The differences in QAlb values between groups I and II were statistically significant (p = 0.0008), whereas there were no significant differences between QAlb values in groups IIa and IIb. Basing on their investigations, the authors conclude that neoplasm invading CNS should be considered as essential risk of BBB impairment, whereas intrathecal and general chemotherapy appear to be less important in BBB injury.
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PMID:[Dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier in patients with acute leukemias or lymphomas of high grade malignancy]. 852 76

Chemotherapy (Ctx) and/or radiotherapy (Rtx) are effective in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease (HD) but potentially involve late toxicities, including nephrotoxic side effects. Therefore a follow-up study has been performed to screen patients for late signs of an impaired tubular or glomerular function and to correlate data of renal function with type of therapy and cumulative doses of cytotoxic agents applied. 81 patients in complete remission for at least 2 years and a median follow-up of 96 (39-304) months, and 53 controls were examined. Clinical routine parameters such as creatinine and electrolytes were determined. A differentiation of proteinuria into the albumin, high molecular weight (HMW) and low molecular weight (LMW) fractions made it possible to assess glomerular and tubular function based on the LMW/HMW ratio. The structural protein fibronectin served as an additional, sensitive marker of glomerular integrity. Routine parameters of kidney function did not show any signs of late nephrotoxicity. However, patients treated for HD had a higher ratio of LMW/HMW in comparison to the group of healthy volunteers (p < 0.01), indicating subclinical tubular renal damage. When the cutoff for tubular damage was defined as LMW/HMW > 1.5, 50% of the patients treated with combined modality, and 42 and 37% of the patients with Ctx or Rtx alone had subclinical tubular alterations, respectively. A tendency towards a higher prevalence of subclinical tubular changes was observed in patients with higher cumulative doses of methotrexate or ifosfamide and in patients with combined Ctx and Rtx with radiation fields involving the renal area. Changes in glomerular function were not observed. It is concluded that treatment of HD is not associated with clinically apparent long-term impairment of renal function but can lead to subclinical alterations. Further clinical implications of these subclinical tubular alterations cannot be assessed at present. A differentiation of proteinuria does not have to be performed routinely but might be useful in the follow-up of selected patients with an increased risk.
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PMID:Evaluation of late nephrotoxicity in long-term survivors of Hodgkin's disease. 857 Jan 37

The serum levels of soluble ICAM-1 (CD54) were significantly elevated in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL, n=127) and hairy cell leukaemia (HCL, n=15) compared with healthy controls (n=31). In high-grade malignant NHL (n=79) the sICAM-1 levels correlated with the tumour mass as reflected in the Ann Arbor staging system but not with bulky disease. Further, the sICAM-1 levels correlated with disease activity as reflected by the presence of B symptoms and with other known prognostic markers. In particular serum thymidine kinase (sTK). In patients with low-grade malignant NHL (n=48) a trend towards higher serum levels of sICAM-1 was found in patients with advanced stage and B symptoms. In both low and high-grade malignant NHL, elevated levels of sICAM-1 were associated with poorer overall and disease-free survival. The present results indicated that sICAM-1 levels have a prognostic power equal to that of other serum markers claimed to be of prognostic value in NHL, namely serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), beta-2-microglobulin (beta2m), serum thymidine kinase (sTK), albumin and orosomucoid. The cellular origin and the possible interactions between soluble and surface ICAM-1 and its ligands needs further exploration.
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PMID:Elevated serum levels of soluble ICAM-1 in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas correlate with tumour burden, disease activity and other prognostic markers. 879 Jan 63

Transthyretin and albumin in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in serum were repeatedly assessed in 40 patients with acute leukemias or high grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The patients were divided into 3 groups. Group I-5 individuals with clinical manifestations of leukemic or lymphomatous meningosis; Group II-33 cases with no clinical data of central nervous system involvement by neoplasm (leukemia/lymphoma); Group III-2 patients in whom extramedullary solid leukemic or lymphomatous infiltrations were diagnosed. It was revealed that blood-brain-barrier dysfunction due to neoplastic infiltration of leptomeninges went with an increase of albumin blood-CSF barrier dependent- and with decrease of blood-CSF barrier-independent transthyretin concentrations. In patients with extramedullary tumors an evident increase of albumin and total-CSF transthyretin and no blood-CSF barrier-independent transthyretin concentrations below the tumor location were observed. It can betray a complete block of the vertebral canal subarachnoid space below the neoplastic compression of the spinal cord. Cytostatics application, either general or intrathecal, did not influence the CSF albumin and transthyretin levels.
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PMID:[Transthyretin and albumin in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with acute leukemias or lymphomas of high grade malignancy]. 862 47

In the past, we have clinically evaluated radiolabelled antibodies in Hodgkin's disease and hepatocellular cancer. Increased tumour pressure, reduced vascularity and poor diffusion has limited significant radiolabelled antibody tumour dose deposition. Using intratumoural infusion of macroaggregated albumin to blockade exiting vasculature followed by colloidal chromic 32Phosphorous, we have been able to achieve 75% to 100% tumour dose deposition by interstitial tumour infusion under computerised tomographic guidance. Phase I studies in a variety of solid tumours indicate extremely high doses may be achieved without toxicity (i.e. non-resectable pancreas 900,000 cGy to 1.7 million cGy) with tumour control and remission. This is a review of those studies and how the technique was applied.
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PMID:Preliminary experience of infusional brachytherapy using colloidal 32P. 887 99


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