Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) has been reported to be active in metastatic renal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. The purpose of this trial was to determine the efficacy and toxicity of rIL-2 administered in continuous infusion in patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). 21 patients with HD (4 patients), diffuse large-cell NHL (7) or low-grade NHL (10) in failure or relapse after multiple-conventional treatments were included in this trial. rIL-2 therapy consisted of an induction period of two cycles separated by 3 weeks of rest, and, in the absence of progressive disease or undue toxicity, a maintenance period of 4 monthly cycles. Each induction cycle comprised the continuous infusion of rIL-2: 18 x 10(6) IU/m2 per day on days 1-5 and days 12-16. Each maintenance cycle comprised the continuous infusion of rIL-2: 18 x 10(6) IU/m2 per day on days 1-5. Among the 21 treated patients, 5 (all of those with low-grade NHL) responded to the induction phase (1 complete response, 4 partial responses) and 2 patients had a mixed response. Conversely, no response was observed in patients with HD or large-cell NHL. The median duration of response was 4 months. rIL-2 administered as a continuous infusion was well tolerated and most patients received the full dosage, and management did not require intensive care. During the induction period, 2 patients experienced grade III cardiovascular or renal toxicity. During the maintenance period, rIL-2 had to be interrupted in 1 patient because of a myocardial infarction. This trial confirms the inefficacy of rIL-2 for the treatment of large-cell NHL and HD. Conversely, in low-grade NHL, rIL-2 activity needs to be explored by further studies. rIL-2 may have a place in the early phase of the disease, when the immune system is not compromised, as an adjuvant treatment in residual disease in order to improve the duration of response.
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PMID:Interleukin-2 therapy for refractory and relapsing lymphomas. 178 82

Residual tumor masses are sometimes found in non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients after chemo-radiotherapy treatment. Radiologic findings do not differentiate lymphoma from fibrosis necrotic tissue. Surgical and histology reevaluation is the most reliable method of evaluation the viability of tumor residual masses. Sixty-three consecutive high-grade NHL were treated with F-MACHOP regimen. After 3 courses of F-MACHOP the response was evaluated clinically: twenty two (36%) achieved a clinical complete remission, 32 a clinical partial remission, 7 were non responders and two were not evaluable. An early pathological response evaluation was performed in 23 clinical partial responders. Fifteen (65%) patients had no evidence of NHL after pathological restaging and were considered as pathologic complete response and completed treatment with 3 additional courses F-MACHOP. Eight (35%), histologically positive, were defined as pathologic partial response and were crossed to salvage regimens. The 1 year actuarial event-free survival differed significantly according to clinical response after 3 courses of F-MACHOP and the outcome of clinical partial responders was highly dependent on the result of pathological restaging (87% for negative and 23% for positive). Our experience suggests that a significant proportion of clinical partial responses are histologically confirmed at pathological restaging when this procedure is performed early during treatment.
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PMID:Clinical and pathological restaging in aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 189 Aug 64

This study determines the utility of gallium-67 (Ga-67) scintigraphs as an adjunct to computed tomography (CT) scans for the assessment of residual mediastinal masses in children and adolescents with advanced-stage Hodgkin's disease. At diagnosis 42 patients with CT scan-documented mediastinal disease had a Ga-67 scan performed. Thirty-four of 42 patients (81%) had gallium-avid mediastinal lesions, whereas in eight (19%), the Ga-67 scan was negative. At the completion of eight cycles of therapy of Mustargen (mechlorethamine), Oncovin (vincristine), procarbazine, prednisone (MOPP) alternating with doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine (ABVD), 21 of 34 patients with initially positive Ga-67 scans had them repeated; 18 of 21 converted to negative results, and three remained positive. In 11 of 18 patients, the loss of gallium avidity was consistent with a negative mediastinal CT scan. In seven, although the gallium scan was negative, the CT scan remained positive; all seven patients had a mediastinal biopsy of suspected residual disease and in all seven the biopsy results were negative for Hodgkin's disease. These preliminary results in a small cohort of patients demonstrate that Ga-67 scans may be of benefit in evaluating residual mediastinal masses in patients with Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:Gallium-67 scans as an adjunct to computed tomography scans for the assessment of a residual mediastinal mass in pediatric patients with Hodgkin's disease. A Pediatric Oncology Group study. 193 85

Fifty patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin's disease (HD) who relapsed or failed to respond to multiple regimens of combination chemotherapy were entered onto two autologous bone marrow transplantation (AuBMT) protocols. Twenty-eight patients who did not have prior radiation therapy were treated with protocol A. Protocol A consisted of reinduction with conventional doses of combination chemotherapy followed by boost local-field irradiation to areas of residual disease and hyperfractionated accelerated total lymphoid irradiation (TLI). Chemotherapy consisted of high-dose etoposide (VP-16) and cyclophosphamide followed by infusion of cryopreserved, unpurged autologous bone marrow. Twenty-two patients who have had prior radiation therapy were treated with protocol B. Protocol B consisted of reinduction with conventional doses of chemotherapy followed by involved field radiation therapy (when tolerance to residual disease has not been previously reached). High-dose chemotherapy regimen consisted of cyclophosphamide, carmustine (BCNU), and VP-16 (CBV) followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation. Of the 28 patients in protocol A, 5 patients died during the immediate peritransplant period, 5 patients progressed within six months, and 2 of them died. Two patients relapsed 13 and 39 months post transplant; 1 of them was reinduced into a complete remission (CR). Seventeen patients (61%) are disease free (16 patients in continuous complete remission), 12-54+ months (median 25+ months) following completion of therapy. Of the 22 patients in protocol B, 1 died of cytomegalovirus pneumonitis, and 11 relapsed. Ten patients (45%) are alive and disease free 16-42+ months (median 23+ months) after therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Autologous bone marrow transplantation for refractory or relapsed Hodgkin's disease: the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center experience using high-dose chemotherapy with or without hyperfractionated accelerated total lymphoid irradiation. 204 22

The occurrence of Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) and Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia (AML) following cytotoxic therapy for neoplastic disease is well recognised. RAS mutations are common in patients with MDS and AML. To determine whether these lesions are found as early markers of secondary disease, we have studied the incidence of RAS mutations in the peripheral blood of 70 patients in complete remission from lymphoma. Patients were treated by standard chemotherapy regimes and/or localised radiotherapy. Treatment had been given 6 months to 14 1/2 years previously and no patient showed any sign of residual disease. Genomic DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes was amplified in vitro at target codons of N, K and H RAS genes, and mutations detected by hybridisation with oligonucleotide probes. RAS mutations were detected in 9 subjects. One patient with an N12 valine (Val) substitution had been in complete remission from Hodgkin's disease (HD) for 9 years. DNA from this patient registered in a nude mouse tumorigenicity assay (NMT). The N12 Val mutation was not detected in the original tumour tissue from the same patient. A second patient in remission from HD showed evidence of co-existent N12 cysteine (Cys) and N13 valine (Val) substitutions which were not detected in presentation material or unaffected tissues. All patients are currently haematologically normal, indicating that clones of mutant RAS bearing cells may be detected prior to any overt sign of disease.
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PMID:RAS mutations in patients following cytotoxic therapy for lymphoma. 217 19

The experience of St Bartholomew's Hospital with a less than full mantle radiation field in the treatment of 31 children with clinically staged Hodgkin's disease is reported over a ten year period (1977-1987). The major indication for this portal was initial bulk, or residual disease after chemotherapy. Primary treatment consisted of radiotherapy alone (two children) or in combination with chemotherapy (29 children). An 'Urn' radiation portal has been used to encompass mediastinal and neck nodes, but with the aim of reducing radiation doses to lung, breast, axilla, lateral end of clavicle and humeral head. More recently, a further modification has employed partial heart shielding when anthracyclines have been part of the chemotherapy schedule. The majority have received 35 Gy in 20 fractions over 4 weeks with 4-6 Mv photons, and no child received in excess of 35 Gy to the mediastinum. An overall 5-year actuarial survival of 85% was achieved, and a 5-year relapse-free survival of 77%. Seven relapses and five deaths have been reported, all of which occurred in children who presented with nodular sclerosing histology. Six children relapsed within the radiation portals, and one with systemic disease alone. Only a single child relapsed in the unirradiated axilla, and this simultaneously with cervical, mediastinal and paraortic nodes. To date no second malignancies have been reported.
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PMID:The 'urn' portal; an alternative to the 'mantle' portal in the chemoradiotherapy management of paediatric Hodgkin's disease. 226 21

The newly produced monoclonal antibody (mAb) LF61 detects a molecule restricted to hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) among B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. In particular, the percentage of LF61 + HCL cells in different cases ranges from 10% to 100%. In normal lympho-haemopoietic tissues LF61 reacts with only about 2% of T-cells, mostly of the CD8 subset in the peripheral blood, extrafollicular areas of the tonsil, red pulp of the spleen and thymic medulla. Expression of the LF61 molecule is observed following stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) or pokeweed mitogen (PWM), suggesting that it represents an activation antigen. Due to its restricted reactivity with a small subset of normal CD8 + T-cells, LF61 in combination with a CD22 mAb is highly suitable for monitoring residual disease in interferon or deoxycoformicin-treated HCL patients. Polyacrylamide gel gradient electrophoresis shows that LF61 precipitates a 150 kDa, 125 kDa, 105 kDa trimeric molecule from the surface of HCL cells. Immunohistological and immunobiochemical results show that this molecule is the same as the one recognized by the still unclustered anti-HCL mAb B-ly7.
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PMID:LF61: a new monoclonal antibody directed against a trimeric molecule (150 kDa, 125 kDa, 105 kDa) associated with hairy cell leukaemia. 226 7

Cyclophosphamide, carmustine (BCNU), and etoposide (VP-16) (CBV) is a widely used conditioning regimen in autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) of patients with refractory and relapsed lymphoma. However, the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of these agents when used in combination has not been systematically explored. We treated 58 patients (28 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [NHL], 30 with Hodgkin's disease [HD]) at seven dose levels of CBV. Doses were cyclophosphamide 4,500 to 7,200 mg/m2, BCNU 450 to 600 g/m2, and VP-16 1,200 to 2,000 mg/m2. The MTD was cyclophosphamide 7,200 mg/m2, BCNU 450 mg/m2, and VP-16 2,000 mg/m2. Six hundred milligrams per square meter of BCNU was associated with five of 18 cases of interstitial pneumonitis versus two of 40 at 450 mg/m2 (P = .02). Treatment-related mortality was 5% at dose levels less than or equal to the MTD and 22% at the highest dose. In this heavily pretreated patient population, most of whom had high volume residual disease, complete responses (CRs) to CBV and ABMT occurred in 25% of assessable patients with NHL and 43% of patients with HD. Thirteen of 28 patients with NHL and 14 of 30 with HD remain free from disease progression with median follow-up of 212 and 215 days, respectively. CBV can be administered with acceptable toxicity over a wide range of doses to patients with refractory and relapsed lymphoma.
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PMID:Cyclophosphamide, carmustine, and etoposide with autologous bone marrow transplantation in refractory Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a dose-finding study. 231 34

With the aim of assessing the role of surgery in the management of isolated mediastinal lymphoma, we have reviewed the data of 123 operations performed on 102 patients (64 with Hodgkin's disease and 38 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma). One death and four major complications occurred in these patients. Macroscopically radical resection was performed in 14 patients who are free of disease after 1 to 14 years. Debulking resection was performed in five patients: Three are alive after 5 to 11 years and two died after 36 and 40 months. Ten patients (seven with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and three with Hodgkin's disease) had residual mediastinal masses of more than 2 cm after chemotherapy; to assess the nature of the lesion (fibrosis or residual disease), we subjected these patients to surgical restaging of the mediastinum: Results were negative in seven and positive in three. We conclude that open biopsy is indispensable to obtain good tissue specimens suitable for histologic and immunohistochemical assessment. Biopsy must be performed as a major surgical procedure to avoid reoperation: Mediastinoscopy and sternal splitting incisions proved the most reliable approaches. Locally radical or debulking resection might be considered in selected cases to enhance long-term results.
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PMID:Surgical approach to isolated mediastinal lymphoma. 793 22

The non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are a clinically, morphologically, and immunologically heterogeneous group of diseases. Why lymphoma cells are unresponsive to normal regulatory growth controls and how they differ from normal lymphocytes are not well understood. In order to address these questions we have raised monoclonal antibodies to neoplastic B-cells. Two of these, LM-26 and LM-155, show a high degree of specificity for B-cell lymphomas. When tested by fluorescence activated cell sorter analysis, LM-26 reacted with 80% (18 of 23) of B-cell lymphomas freshly explanted from patients and LM-155 reacted with 20% (5 of 23). The antigenic determinant detected by LM-26 was also found to be present on four of seven neoplastic large cell B-lymphoma lines. LM-155 detected a determinant present on all seven of these lines. For neither monoclonal antibody was there any association between antibody reactivity and the morphological subtype of lymphoma examined or the type of cell surface immunoglobulin expressed. LM-155 reacted with one case of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Neither antibody reacted with normal B-cell blasts, normal peripheral blood mononuclear or marrow cells, T-cell leukemias or lymphomas, or chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Lymphocytes from reactive lymphoid hyperplasias involving lymph nodes, spleen, peripheral blood, and lung were also negative for LM-26 and LM-155 binding or showed only a small percentage of cells positive (4-8%). Both monoclonals were unreactive with non-B-lymphoid neoplastic cell lines, nine of ten Epstein-Barr virus transformed B-cell lines, and cells freshly explanted from patients with cancers of diverse cellular origins. Fluorescence activated cell sorter analysis of the expression of the antigens defined by LM-26 and LM-155 on lymphoma cells and normal B-cell blasts suggests that they are not normal differentiation antigens associated with lymphocyte activation or proliferation. The highly restricted expression of detectable levels of antigens reactive with monoclonal antibodies LM-26 and LM-155 on non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells suggests a possible relation to their neoplastic properties. From a practical viewpoint these monoclonals may prove useful in the diagnosis, classification, detection of residual disease, and treatment of the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
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PMID:Two monoclonal antibodies defining unique antigenic determinants on human B-lymphoma cells. 241 42


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